W/EAD 1-2 Intro to Weaponeering

Question 1

Damage Expectancy

Answer 1

DE = PR x PD​

Question 2

Probability of Release

Answer 2

PR = 1 – PIN ​

Question 3

Probability of Ineffectiveness

Answer 3

PIN = MKD + MF + OF​

Question 4

Vulnerable Area:

Answer 4

VA= Area of Interest on Target (A) x PD (One portion) ​​

VAx = Ax x PD​​

VA= Sum of VA’s for whole target ÷ Surface Area of the whole target (Whole Target) ​​

VAT = ƩVA ÷ AT​

Complex Targets​

PD (First Element) x PD (Second Element) ​= PD​ (Both Elements)​

Question 5

What are Newtons three laws of motion?

Answer 5

1. An object at rest remains at rest, and an object in motion remains in motion at constant speed and in a straight line unless acted on by an unbalanced force.​

Outside forces: gravity, armor, humans, terrain, etc.​

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2. The acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied.​

Force equals mass times acceleration (F=m x a)​

The bigger the bullet the bigger the bang​

3. Whenever one object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite on the first.​

Newtons Cradle​

Recoil

Question 6

Anatomy of a Round

Answer 6

Primer
Casing
Accelerant/Powder
Projectile

Question 7

Define Ballistics

Answer 7

The science of motion of projectiles in flight

Question 8

What are the four phases of ballistics?

Answer 8

Internal- Projectile ignition to the time the projectile leaves the muzzle

Transitional- Projectiles behavior from the time it leaves the muzzle until the pressure behind the projectile is equalized

External-Projectile in flight (the most vulnerable)

Terminal: Behavior and effects of a projectile when it transfers energy to a target (weapon arrival conditions)

Question 9

What is weaponeering?

Answer 9

“The process by which the minimum force level and optimum ordinance needed to achieve a desired level of damage to a target or critical component, such that enemy war fighting is affected, are, determined.”

Question 10

what are the desired effects?

Answer 10

M-Kill: [Mobility] Damage to the vehicle so that the driver cannot maintain controlled movement. Damage is assumed to occur instantaneously​

F-Kill: [Firepower] Damage to the vehicle main armament so that direct fire on a target cannot be completed. Damage is assumed to occur instantaneously​

K-Kill: [Catastrophic] Damage to the vehicle so that it IS NOT economically feasible to make repairs and the vehicle is fit only for cannibalization of parts​

P-Kill: [Personnel] Incapacitation of fighting troops in the vehicle

Question 11

Where do we apply weaponeering?

Answer 11

Engagement Areas- where do you intend to fix and destroy an enemy combatant

Integrated Defensive Planning

Offensive Operations-Counter attack

ACE Scheme of maneuver - Light, lean, lethal

Question 12

When do we apply weaponeering?

Answer 12

Neutralize the threat (The what)

Weaponeering (The How)

Question 13

Target vulnerability: Vulnerable vs. Critical

Answer 13

Critical: Key component affecting target’s ability to complete the mission​

Vulnerable: Component able to be affected by possessed munitions​

Question 14

Weaponeering probabilities

Answer 14

Probability of Damage (PD)​ - Chance of damage to a unitary target after being attacked​

Probability of Hit (PH)​ - Function of component size and location, obscurity, shielding, etc.​

Probability of Kill (PK)​ - The probability of achieving the desired effect

Question 15

Vulnerable Area Method

Answer 15

Vulnerable Area: ​

VA= Area of Interest on Target (A) x PD (One portion) ​

VAx = Ax x PD ​

VA= Sum of VA’s for target ÷ Surface Area of the target

VAT = ƩVA ÷ AT

Question 16

What must be done to complex targets?

Answer 16

Elementize
“Mapping out the smallest area that can encompass groups of similar target elements so close together that they should be weaponeered as an area target.”

Question 17

Weapon Charactistics evaluates:

Answer 17

Ballistics errors-Natural dispersion, for example​

Munition reliability​-Made by the lowest bidder​

Munition Types​-Shaped Charge​, Explosive, Fragmentary​, Incendiary

Question 18

Components of a weaponeering problem

Answer 18

Question 19

Types of weaponeering solutions

Answer 19

Closed-end: rely on precalculated data to provide a “best guess” for planning and execution (A-10 during CAS)

Open-ended: rely on precise weaponeering against the exact target, environment, and conditions.​ The precalculated data from a closed-end solution are easier to use than the open-end method because detailed inputs are not required. The main disadvantage of the precalculated data is that the data are for specific cases that may not exactly match the needs of the user.

Question 20

What are Effectiveness indices

Answer 20

Effectiveness Index (EI): numerical measure of the effectiveness of a given weapon against a given target

Quantifies how much damage a weapon does to a target

Based on the mechanisms that cause damage

Used by software to calculate how much damage should occur and whether

Question 21

What are the six steps of the weaponeering process?

Answer 21

1. Obtain target data
2. Determine the appropriate desired effect
3. Determine appropriate damage criteria and PD
4. Determine available aircraft, ordinance and tactics to be evaluated
5. Evaluate, optimize and validate weapons effectiveness
6. Prepare and present recommendation with appropriate documentation

Question 22

Desired effects kills:

Answer 22

M-Kill
F-Kill
K-Kill
P-kill
PTO kill
MSN-Kill

Question 23

What is weaponeering chart?

Answer 23

Question 24

Who are weaponeers!

Answer 24

Traditionally
-Intel
-bombardiers
-Targeting Teams
-Pilots

Now defenders!

Question 25

Why do defenders need to be weaponeers!?

Answer 25

Question 26

What are the weaponeering Considerations?

Answer 26

-Target Vulnerability -damage Criteria -weapons Characteristics and effects -munitions delivery parameters and accuracy -weapons reliability -Probability of Kill (Pk)