W2: WBCs Flashcards
(46 cards)
how are WBCs split into 2 categories?
polymorphonuclear (granulocytes)
mononuclear
granulocytes include…
neutrophils (phagocytes)
eosinophils
basophils
mononuclear WBCs include…
lymphocytes
monocytes (phagocytes)
order smallest to largest WBC counts
basophils
eosinophils/monocytes
lymphocytes
neutrophils
neutrophils are elevated in…
bacterial infection
stress
exercise
myeloproliferative diseases e.g. leukaemia
lymphocytes are elevated in…
viral infection
lymphoproliferative diseases (e.g. lymphocytic leukaemia)
monocytes are elevated in…
infection
inflammation
tissue damage
monocytic leukaemia
eosinophils are elevated in…
allergy
intestinal parasites
hypereosinophilic syndrome
eosinophilic leukaemia
basophils are elevated in…
some myeloproliferative diseases
(esp chronic granulocytic leukaemia)
which 2 cell types can monocytes mature into?
macrophage
dendritic cell
neutrophil staining
granules are neutral-staining
eosinophil staining
granules stain w/ eosin (orange)
basophil staining
granules stain intensely w/ methylene blue
granulocyte maturation stages (neutrophils)
blasts
promyelocytes
myelocytes
metamyelocytes
‘band form’ neutrophils
neutrophils
granulocyte turnover
50-320 x 10^9/day
lifespan of a neutrophil
usually spend ~7h in peripheral blood (circulating & marginal pools)
migrate into tissues – last for ~20h, after which motility lost. Destruction by monocytes/macrophages.
Many also lost in GI tract.
marginal pools
stuck on inside of BVs
lifespan of eosinophils
8–12 h in circulation then 8–12d in tissues (thymus, lower GI tract,ovary, uterus, spleen & lymph nodes)
lifespan of basophils
few hrs-few days
function of neutrophils
destruction of invading bacteria & some fungi
how does a neutrophil perform its function? (2 steps)
- location by chemotaxis - motility up a conc grad
- phagocytosis = engulfing + killing
chemotaxis requires…
*vessel wall adhesion
*mmt up conc grad
motility of neutrophils
crawl
Amoeboid via pseudopodia.
Mechanism: chemotactic receptor-ligand binding followed by interaction of contractile proteins (e.g. actin & myosin)
phagocytosis is accompanied by a ‘respiratory burst’ in which there is…
Incr O2 consumption
Incr glycolysis
Uprating of bactericidal processes e.g. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity
Increased expression of some constituents, e.g. Alkaline phosphatase