Water And Other Ions Flashcards
(18 cards)
What are the properties of water
High specific heat capacity High latent heat of evaporation Cohesive Solvent Metabolite (reactive)
How is water polar
Oxygen molecules have partial negative charge and hydrogen atoms have partial positive change, hydrogen bonds form
How does water have high specific heat capacity ?
Many hydrogen bonds due to being polar
These allow water to absorb relatively large amounts of heat energy before temp changed
Why is high specific heat capacity good ?
Maintains particular temperature in order to optimise enzyme activity and maintains constant temperature
So temperature buffer
Why does water have high latent heat of vaporisation?
Polar so many H bonds form between water molecules and they can absorb a lot of energy before breaking and water evaporating
Why is having high latent heat of vaporisation good
Evaporation of small amount of water is efficient cooling mechanism
Helps organisms maintain constant body temperature
Why is water cohesive
Polar so many h bonds form between water molecules so water molecules tend to stick together so very cohesive
Why is being cohesive a good thing
Column of water doesn’t break when pulled up a narrow tube
Produces surface tension , surface of water forms a skin which is strong enough to support small aquatic organisms to run away from prey
Why is water a solvent
Polar slightly positive end of water molecule attracted to negative ion and slightly negative end of water molecule attracted to positive ion
Dissociate and dissolve ionic compounds
Because forces between negative water molecule and positively charged ion is greater than forces of attraction between negative ion and positive ion
Why is being a solvent good ?
Dissolve other substances
Transport medium for polar molecules causing the to dissociate
Removes metabolic waste
Why is water a metabolite ?
Because water is reactive
Why is water being reactive a good thing ?
Used is condensation reaction (releases h20) and hydrolysis reactions (takes in h2o) to break bond
Amino acids - polypeptides
How do both water and ions enter the cells
Both move down concentration gradient
Both can move through channel proteins
Can also move against concentration gradient in active transport
Example of water as a variable of density
Ice floats
Water freezes from top down because molecules form lattice
Organisms can survive below the ice
Ice acts as insulating layer
Circulation maintained so nutrient cycling
What is role of iron ions
Bind to oxygen In haemoglobin
What is role of hydrogen ions
Allow ph to be calculated
More h+ more acidic
What is the role of sodium ions
Co transport of gluocose against conc gradient
What is role of phosphate ions
Bond between phosphate ions store energy in atp
