ways to produce ATP and OP Flashcards
(17 cards)
What are the two main methods in producing ATP?
Substrate level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation
Which stages does substrate level phosphorylation occur?
Glycolysis and Krebs
Where does oxidative phosphorylation occur?
The cristae
When does oxidative phosphorylation occur?
In aerobic conditions
Why is oxygen essential?
As it’s the final electron acceptor
What is the first stage of oxidative phosphorylation?
Reduced NAD and FAD are oxidised
What is released during the first stage?
Hydrogen atoms
What is each hydrogen atom split up into?
An electron and a proton
Where do the electrons go?
They pass down an electron transport chain
What happens as electrons pass down the chain?
They lose energy
What is this energy used for?
It pumps protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane into the inter-membrane space
What is established from pumping protons?
A proton gradient
What does the proton gradient allow to happen?
The protons can diffuse back across the inner membrane into the matrix via the enzyme ATP synthase
What does this diffusion allow to happen?
There’s enough energy to form ATP from ADP and Pi
What happens at the end of the electron transport chain?
Electrons combine with protons and oxygen to form water
What does oxidation refer to?
The removal of hydrogen from the respiratory substrate
What does phosphorylation refer to?
The formation of ATP by the addition of phosphate to ADP
