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PPL - Meteorology > Weather Reports & Forecasts > Flashcards

Weather Reports & Forecasts Flashcards

1
Q

Official source of weather in UK

A

MET OFFICE

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2
Q

What is the % chance of weather being different to what the Met forecast

A

15%

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3
Q

What are 6 details in particular the Met forecast will provide

Remember the phrase

A
  1. Wind - Direction & Strength
  2. Cloud - Type, amount, level
  3. Icing & Turbulence
  4. Visibility
  5. Frontal Systems - Position and speed
  6. Trends - short term

Trendy turublent wind clouds visibly ice on the front

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4
Q

The name for a regional forecast previously known as airmet

A

GAMET

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5
Q

Where was an AIRMET obtained

A

MET OFFICE WEBSITE

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6
Q

What 3 things does a GAMET provide

A
  1. Regional
  2. Text
  3. Outlook

  1. Regional weather forecast (Geographic)
  2. Textual description
  3. Current weather and outlook
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7
Q

What is the normal forecast validity of an F215

A

9 HOURS

REMEMBER: Odd numbers not divisable by 2
2 15 = 9
where 1, 5 and 9 are not divisible by 2

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8
Q

What level does a form F215 report on

A
  1. Low level
  2. Below 10,000ft
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9
Q

What are the 4 ways to identify weather phenominas in a report in terms of coverage

A
  1. Widespread
  2. Frequent
  3. Occassional
  4. Isolated

Widespread - Many +50%
Frequent - Little separation +50%
Occassional - 25% - 50%
Isolated - <25%

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10
Q

What does the following define

Implies conditions affecting many places, which will be difficult to avoid (Greater than 50% of area)

A

WIDESPREAD

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11
Q

What does the following define

Little separation between phenomena, and the spatial coverage is greater than 50% of the area forecast to be affected by the phenomenon. Features will be difficult to avoid

A

FREQUENT

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12
Q

What does the following define

An area consists of well separated features which are forecast to affect an area with a maximum spatial coverage of between 25% and 50% of the area concerned. These features can be avoided

A

OCCASIONAL

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13
Q

What does the following define

Used if an area consists of individual features which are forecast to affect an area with a maximum spatial coverage of between less than 25% of the area concerned. These features can be easily avoided.

A

ISOLATED

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14
Q

What is the symbol for moderate icing

A

SEMI CIRCLE
2 LINES

LINK

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15
Q

What is the symbol for severe icing

A

SEMI CIRCLE
3 LINES

LINK

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16
Q

What is the symbol for moderate turbulence

A

SINGLE WITCHES HAT

LINK

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17
Q

What is the symbol for severe turbulence

A

DOUBLE WITCHES HAT

LINK

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18
Q

What does an F214 form provide

A

SPOT WIND & TEMPERATURE
BELOW < 10,000ft

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19
Q

What is the forecast validity of an F214

A

6 HOURS

REMEMBER: 214 6

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20
Q

What does TAF stand for

A

TERMINAL AERODROME FORECAST

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21
Q

What does METAR stand for

A

METEORLOGICAL ACTUAL REPORT

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22
Q

A way to remember the difference between a TAF and METAR

A

TAF = Forecast
METAR = Actual At Runway

23
Q

What are the differences in time intervals between a TAF and METAR

A
  1. TAF - 9, 24, 30 hours
  2. METAR - 30 or 60 mins

REMEMBER:
TAF has 3 letters, 3 time periods
METAR has 6 characters. Half of 6 is 3

24
Q

What does a TAF have that a METAR does not

A

VALIDITY PERIOD
0118/0218

Read as FROM/TO
DDHH/DDHH
01 = 1st of which ever month
18 = 6pm UTC
02 = 2nd of which ever month
18 = 6pm UTC

25
What are 4 mandatory fields of a TAF
1. ICAO code for aerodrome 2. Day/time TAF was issued 3. Validity period 4. Surface wind forecast ## Footnote Code Issued Validity Wind
26
Do TAFs provide surface wind forecasts in TRUE or MAGNETIC north
TRUE
27
What are the 2 prob codes and the chances something will happen
1. PROB30 = Might happen 2. PROB40 = Will happen
28
What is the period of validity for a TEMPO
Periods of UP TO 1 HOUR No more often than would occupy MORE THAN HALF of the forecast period ## Footnote i.e. if the forecast period is 8 hours, the TEMPO conditions would not last more than 4 hours.
29
# Define the following TAF code 23015G25KT
Wind direction 230॰ @ 15 kts, gusting up to 25 kts
30
What are 5 mandatory fields of a METAR
1. ICAO code for aerodrome 2. Day/time METAR was issued (UTC) 3. Surface wind forecast (True) 4. Temperature/Dew Point (℃) 5. QNH (hPa)
31
In a METAR temperatures below freezing are prefixed with what
M
32
On a METAR, what are the temperature ranges if they appear as 1. M00 2. 00
1. M00 = -0.1 to -0.4 2. 00 = 0 to +0.4
33
Cloud layer levels are given in reference to which datum
ABOVE AERODROME LEVEL
34
What is meant by NOSIG
**No significant changes** expected to forecast during the next **2 hours**
35
# What is meant by the following TAF & METAR codes 1. AUTO 2. CAVOK 3. NCD 4. /// 5. RVR
1. Automated weather report (no human involved) 2. Ceiling & visibility OK 3. No Cloud Detected 4. Sky Obscured 5. Runway Visual Range
36
# MIlitary Codes *Colour | Cloud Level | Visibility* Blue | 2500ft | 8km White | 2000ft | 5km Green | 700ft | 3700m Yellow 1 | 500ft | 2500m Yellow 2 | 300ft | 1600m Amber | 200ft | 800m Red | < 200ft | < 200m Black | Aerodrome closed ## Footnote General Knowledge
Green 737 Yellow1 525 Yellow2 316 Amber 28
37
# What is the military 1) cloud and 2) visibility for the following code BLUE
1. 2500ft 2. 8km
38
# What is the military 1) cloud and 2) visibility for the following code WHITE
1. 1500ft 2. 5km
39
# What is the military 1) cloud and 2) visibility for the following code GREEN
1. 700ft 2. 3700m
40
# What is the military 1) cloud and 2) visibility for the following code YELLOW 1
1. 500ft 2. 2500m
41
# What is the military 1) cloud and 2) visibility for the following code YELLOW 2
1. 300ft 2. 1600m
42
# What is the military 1) cloud and 2) visibility for the following code AMBER
1. 200ft 2. 800m
43
# What is the military 1) cloud and 2) visibility for the following code RED
1. < 200ft (or sky obscured) 2. < 800m
44
# What is the military 1) cloud and 2) visibility for the following code BLACK
AIRFIELD CLOSED
45
Military reports may include additional information after what code
RMK = "Remark"
46
What does ATIS stand for
AERODROME TERMINAL INFORMATION SERVICE
47
What does ATIS provide
1. METAR 2. FREQUENCY ## Footnote 1. METAR for particular airfield 2. Dedicated frequency for each airfield
48
Who can provide special forecasts
MET OFFICE ## Footnote Sufficient notice needs to be given
49
What is a VOLMET
Recoded weather service available over VHF radio
50
What is the range of a VOLMET transmission
200nm 30,000ft
51
What is a pilot special report known as
PIREP (Pilot Report)
52
What 5 conditions is it mandatory for a pilot to report on
1. Severe Icing 2. Severe Turbulence (incl windshear) 3. Severe Mountain Wave 4. Thunderstorms 5. Volcanic Ash ## Footnote REMEMBER: **T**hree **S**'s **MITV** **T**hree = Thunderstorm **S** = Severe (MIT) **M** = Mountain **S** = Severe (MIT) **I** = Icing **S** = Severe (MIT) **T** = Turbulence **V** = Volcanic
53
A UK Met Office Infra-red image representing clouds as white patches. What does this show, and if clouds are whiter, what does this mean ## Footnote [EXAMPLE HERE](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HPrOpmdTpwbFxnQb-BrIXyLYQYsZ0nMy/view?usp=share_link)
1. TEMPERATURE 2. DENSER ## Footnote Infra-red image shows cloud temperatures. The whiter the clouds, the denser the cloud is

PPL - Meteorology (17 decks)

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