Week 1

Question 1

Nutritional medicine functions to

Answer 1

Prevent/treat disease

WITHOUT leading to unpleasant side effects of pharmaceutical interventions

Question 2

Whole grains contain ___ which increases content of vitamin E in tissues

Answer 2

Alkylresorcinols

Question 3

Fundamentals of diet include (8)

Answer 3

Whole grains
Bean and legumes
Fruits and vegetables
Nuts
Fish
Meat and poultry
Eggs
Milk and dairy products

Question 4

Sucrose consists of

Answer 4

50% fructose

50% glucose

Question 5

Sucrose is derived from

Answer 5

Sugarcane

Question 6

HFCS is derived from

Answer 6

Corn

Question 7

HFCS-55 consists of

Answer 7

55% Fructose and 42% glucose

Question 8

What is more lipogenic: glucose or fructose

Answer 8

Fructose

Question 9

What makes HFCS worse than sucrose?

Answer 9

The high amount of fructose

Question 10

Effects of fructose on the pancreas

Answer 10

Insulin resistance

Question 11

Effects of fructose on the blood stream

Answer 11

Triglycerides circulating in the blood harms heart and liver

Question 12

Effects of fructose on kidney

Answer 12

Fructose that seeped into the liver may increase uric acid, risk factor for kidney disease

Question 13

Effect of fructose on the brain

Answer 13

Only weakly curbs brains hunger signals (unlike glucose)

Question 14

Aspartame additive shown to cause ___ in animals

Answer 14

Tumors/cancers

Question 15

Aspartame is converted into __ & ___ which causes bladder tumors in mice

Answer 15

Methanol

Diketopiperazine

Question 16

What vitamin deficiency augments sensitivity to MSG

Answer 16

Vitamin B6 deficiency

Question 17

___ is excitatory neurotransmitter, contributing to flushing, HA, nausea, GI discomfort, etc.

Answer 17

Glutamate

Question 18

Yellow dye #5 is

Answer 18

Tartrazine

Question 19

People who are sensitive to Tartrazine/yellow #5 are also sensitive to

Answer 19

Aspirin

Question 20

___ efficiency makes elimination of sodium benzoate more difficult

Answer 20

Sodium benzoate

Question 21

What food additive may lead to urticaria (hives) (2)

Answer 21

Butyrate hydroxytoluene (BHT)
Butyrate hydroxyanisole (BHA)

Question 22

Butyrate hydroxytoluene (BHT) and Butyrate hydroxyanisole (BHA) are food additives for the purpose of

Answer 22

Slowing/preventing fat oxidation

Question 23

What food additive is added to dried fruits, wine, picked foods, fruit juices

Answer 23

Sulfites

Question 24

Sulfites may lead to (4)

Answer 24

Urticaria
Asthma
Anaphylactic shock
Death

Question 25

What additive may lead to anaphylactic shock and antibiotic-resistant infections in humans?

Answer 25

Antibiotics Detected in beef, pork, poultry and milk

Question 26

Cooking can lead to (6)

Answer 26

``` Lipid peroxides Cholesterol oxides AGEs Mutagens and carcinogens Maillard reaction products Nutrient losses ```

Question 27

Tips for cooking and storage

Answer 27

Cook at low temps Cook with stainless steel; avoid aluminum cookware Cook in moist heat; avoid dry heat Store in BPA-free and glass containers; void aluminum, tin, plastic

Question 28

What is the condition where blood glucose levels <40-50 mg/dL

Answer 28

Reactive hypoglycemia

Question 29

Normal fasting blood glucose level before meal ___ | After a meal ___

Answer 29

70-100 mg/dL <180 mg/dL

Question 30

Reactive hypoglycemia can predict what chronic disease

Answer 30

Type II diabetes (high insulin levels, increases CRP)

Question 31

What 2 organs are recruited to compensate for reduced blood glucose levels?

Answer 31

Adrenal glands release epinephrine and cortisol which stimulates glycogenolysis and increases glucose Pancrease releases glucagon, which is involve in gluconeogenesis

Question 32

Food(1)/drink(2) to avoid with reactive hypoglycemia

Answer 32

Alcohol Caffeine High GI foods; refined carbs

Question 33

Supplements to take with reactive hypoglycemia (4)

Answer 33

Chromium Magnesium Niacinamide L-carnitine

Question 34

2 types of food allergies

Answer 34

Type 1: mediated by IgE (rapid) | Hidden: delayed response

Question 35

Diet options with food allergies

Answer 35

``` Elimination diet (or 4r, 5r plan) Food challenges ```

Question 36

If someone is “allergic to everything” what should they do

Answer 36

5 days of lamb, pears, spring water. Then slowly introduce food challenges

Question 37

Big 8 allergens

Answer 37

``` Soy Eggs Milk Fish Wheat Shellfish Tree nuts Peanuts ```

Question 38

Type I allergic reactions are initiated with ____ come into contact with allergen

Answer 38

B lymphocytes

Question 39

B lymphocytes produce and release

Answer 39

Immunoglobulin E (IgE)

Question 40

IgE activates ___ which release ___ and other chemicals that results in allergic reactions

Answer 40

Mast cells (WBC) ; histamine

Question 41

Psychological Signs and Sx of hypothyroidism

Answer 41

Poor memory and concentration

Question 42

Pharynx Signs and Sx of hypothyroidism

Answer 42

Hoarseness

Question 43

Heart Signs and Sx of hypothyroidism

Answer 43

Slow pulse rate | Pericardial effusion

Question 44

Muscular Signs and Sx of hypothyroidism

Answer 44

Delayed reflex relaxation

Question 45

Extremities Signs and Sx of hypothyroidism

Answer 45

Coldness | Carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 46

General Signs and Sx of hypothyroidism

Answer 46

Fatigue Feeling cold Weight gain with poor appetite

Question 47

Lungs Signs and Sx of hypothyroidism

Answer 47

Shortness of breath | Pleural effusion

Question 48

Skin Signs and Sx of hypothyroidism

Answer 48

Paresthesia | Myxedema

Question 49

Intestines Signs and Sx of hypothyroidism

Answer 49

Constitution | Ascites

Question 50

Reproductive system Signs and Sx of hypothyroidism

Answer 50

Menorrhagia

Question 51

2 types of hypothyroidism

Answer 51

Overt or stage 4 | Mild or stage 2

Question 52

In what stage of hypothyroidism is T3 and T4 low and TSH high?

Answer 52

Overt or stage 4

Question 53

In what stage of hypothyroidism is T3 and T4 normal and TSH high?

Answer 53

Mild or stage 2

Question 54

Normal TSH levels

Answer 54

0.4 - 2.5 mIU/L

Question 55

Foods to avoid with hypothyroidism (3)

Answer 55

Soy protein Calcium Iron Magnesium

Question 56

What to take with hypothyroidism (3)

Answer 56

T4 (thyroxine) Synthetic T4/T3 Desiccated thyroid gland

Question 57

A fungal yeast infection caused by Candida albicans or any Candida species

Answer 57

Candidiasis

Question 58

Foods to avoid with Candidiasis

Answer 58

Refined carbohydrates Allergenic foods Diary Vinegar, alcohol, yeast- and mold-containing foods

Question 59

A form of complementary and alternative medicine aimed at maintaining health through nutritional supplementation based on the assertion that there is an optimum nutritional environment in the body and that disease reflect deficiencies in this environment

Answer 59

Orthomolecular medicine

Question 60

Founder of Orthomolecular medicine

Answer 60

Dr. Linus Pauling Believer of vitamin C supplementation (1 to 2 g per day) RDA levels are not enough. Established to prevent deficiencies, not to have levels that prevent chronic diseases and enhance overall well-being.