Week 1 - Part 2 Flashcards
1
Q
Herbalist
A
- Medicinal actions
- Herbal energetics
- Therapeutic indications
- Organ systems
- Constituents
- Dosage
- Preparations
2
Q
Physician
A
- Knowledge of biomedical sciences
- Approach to the patient
- Diagnosis
- Disease management
- Herb, nutrient, drug interactions
3
Q
Botanist
A
- Plants in their natural habitat
- Physical characteristics of the plant
- Relationship of plants in families
- Latin binomial: genus and species
4
Q
Latin Binomial
A
- Genus is listed first and is capitalized
- Species is listed second and is lower case
- Examples: Echinacea angustifolia; Ginkgo biloba
5
Q
Major Medicinal Plant Families
A
- Alliaceae
- Apiaceae
- Araliaceae
- Asphodelaceae
- Asteraceae
- Fabaceae (ex. alfalfa)
- Gingkoaceae (ex. Ginkgo biloba)
- Hypericaceae
- Lamiaceae
- Liliaceae
- Palmaceae
- Papaveraceae
- Pinaceae
- Piperaceae
- Poaceae
- Rhamnaceae
- Rosaceae
- Rubiaceae
- Rutaceae
- Solanaceae
- Urticaceae
- Zingiberaceae
6
Q
Plant Morphology
A
- Refers to the shape of the plant and plant parts, such as the type of leaf, parts of the flower, etc.
7
Q
Plant Anatomy
A
- Refers to the parts of the cells of plants
8
Q
Plant Physiology
A
- Refers to the molecular processes of the plant
9
Q
Constituents
A
- Chemical compounds that are naturally occurring within each herb
- Thousands of constituents within each herb
- Some constituents are common to many herbs
Ex - berberine
10
Q
Alterative
A
- A gentle nutritive eliminative agent that alters function gradually towards health
- Slow-acting cleanser
- Nourishing qualities that help digestion and elimination
11
Q
Analgesic
A
- Diminishes pain
- Interchangeable with “anodyne”
12
Q
Anodyne
A
- Relieves pain
- Interchangeable with “analgesic”
13
Q
Anthelminthic
A
- Expels/destroys intestinal helminths (worms)
14
Q
Antibiotic
A
- Destroys or arrests the growth of bacteria or protozoa
15
Q
Antiemetic
A
- Relieves nausea and vomiting
16
Q
Antipyretic
A
- Prevents or reduces fever
17
Q
Antiseptic
A
- Inhibits the growth of bacteria
18
Q
Antispasmodic
A
- Reduces the intensity of spasticity, tremor, or cramps
19
Q
Antitussive
A
- Relieves coughing
20
Q
Aperient
A
- Gentle stimulation to the bowels
- Mild laxative
21
Q
Aphrodisiac
A
- Stimulates sexual desire or arousal
22
Q
Astringent
A
- Contracts tissue, reducing bleeding or fluid exudate
23
Q
Balsam
A
- Healing or soothing agent
- Usually made from a tree resin
24
Q
Bitter
A
- Stimulates gastric, pancreatic, and gallbladder juices as well as motility due to its bitter taste
25
Cardiac
- Exerts and effect on the heart
26
Carminative
- Soothes digestive upset and helps to expel gas
27
Cathartic
- Very strong laxative
28
Cholagogue
- Increases the flow of bile into the intestines
29
Choleretic
- Increases the production of bile
30
Corringent
- A substance added to modify a medicinal preparation, usually by adding flavor
31
Demulcent
- A mucilaginous substance the soothes tissue, particularly mucous membranes
32
Depurative
- Cleanses and purifies the system, particularly the blood
33
Diaphoretic
- Promotes perspiration
34
Diuretic
- Increases the output of urine
35
Emetic
- Induces vomiting
36
Emmenagogue
- Promotes menstrual flow
37
Emolient
- Moisturizes the skin
38
Expectorant
- Promotes discharge of mucous from the lungs
39
Galactogogue
- Activity of the production of milk by the mammary glands
40
Hemostatic
- Stops bleeding
41
Hypnotic
- Promotes sleep
42
Hepatic
- Affects the liver
43
Laxative
- Promotes defecation
44
Narcotic
- Relieves pain and induces sleep (generally has higher toxicity)
- Now, "narcotic" refers specifically to opioids
45
Nervine
- Calming or soothing to the nerves
46
Purgative
- Strong laxative
47
Restorative
- Restores normal physiological activity
48
Rubefacient
- Local irritant that increases circulation, and, thus, erythema
49
Sedative
- Calming to the nerves with reduced alertness
50
Stimulant
- Enhances a physiologic process
51
Stomachic
- Has an effect on the function of the stomach
52
Styptic
- Astringent that stops bleeding
53
Tonic
- Strengthens an organ, organ system, or the whole organism
54
Vermicide
- Destroys helminths
55
Vermifuge
- Stimulates the expulsion of helminths
56
Vulnerary
- Heals wounds
57
Specific Therapeutic Indications
- Qualities of a remedy that separate it from others in its class of medicinal actions
- Describe the symptom picture for which that remedy is most indicated
58
Doctrine of Signatures
- Concept that the physical characteristics of a plant are related to their medicinal action
Ex - The yellow flower of Cheladonium majus relates to the yellow color of bile, thus indicating its use as a cholegogue
> Does not mean that all plants with yellow flowers are related to bile
59
Organoleptics
- Technique using the senses to evaluate and herb for taste, smell, appearance, texture, energetics, quality, and identity
