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Botanical Materia Medica I > Week 6 - Nervines > Flashcards

Week 6 - Nervines Flashcards

1
Q

Nervine

A
  • Term that broadly defines a category of botanical medicines that act on the nervous system
  • Can be further divided into nerve tonics, sedatives, and hypnotics
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2
Q

Nerve Tonic

A
  • Substance that improves the tone and vigor or function of the nervous system
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3
Q

Sedative

A
  • Also called relaxant
  • Decrease stimulation to the nervous system
  • Overall effect is calming
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4
Q

Hypnotic

A
  • Often stronger than sedatives
  • Cause drowsiness
  • May alter mental status
  • Often have anodyne effects
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5
Q

Indications for Nervines

A
  • Anxiety
  • Depression
  • Exhaustion
  • Shock/trauma
  • Stress modulation
  • Pain modulation
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6
Q

Nervines

A
  • Avena sativum (Milky Oat Seed)
  • Scutellaria lateriflora (Skullcap)
  • Humulus lupulus (Hops)
  • Valeriana officinalis (Valerian)
  • Piper methysticum (Kava)
  • Melissa officinalis (Lemon Balm)
  • Leonurus cardiaca (Motherwort)
  • Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s Wort)
  • Passiflora incarnata (Passion Flower)
  • Matricaria recutita (Chamomile)
  • Eschscholtzia californica (California Poppy)
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7
Q

Avena sativa - Family

A
  • Poaceae
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8
Q

Avena sativa - Parts Used

A
  • Immature milky seed
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9
Q

Avena sativa - Energetics

A
  • Moistening
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10
Q

Avena sativa - Indications

A
  • Nervous exhaustion
  • Nervous headache
  • Cardiac weakness due to nervous depression or debility
  • Opiate withdrawal
  • Nicotine withdrawal
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11
Q

Avena sativa - Contraindications

A
  • May diminish effect of opiates
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12
Q

Avena sativa - Other

A
  • Trophorestorative of nervous system

- In “kick juice” formula to stop smoking

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13
Q

Scutellaria lateriflora - Family

A
  • Lamiaceae
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14
Q

Scutellaria lateriflora - Parts Used

A
  • Aerial parts in bloom
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15
Q

Scutellaria lateriflora - Energetics

A
  • Cooling
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16
Q

Scutellaria lateriflora - Indications

A
  • Insomnia
  • Restlessness
  • Anxiety
  • Agitation
  • Teething
  • Headache from exhaustion
  • Chorea
  • Seizures
  • Neuralgia
  • Muscular fasciculations
  • Exhaustion due to illness
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17
Q

Scutellaria lateriflora - Contraindications

A
  • May potentiate the effects of other sedative medications
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18
Q

Scutellaria lateriflora - Other

A
  • Gentle
  • Very effective
  • Great for kids
  • Some consider it trophorestorative of nervous system
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19
Q

Humulus lupulus - Family

A
  • Cannabaceae
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20
Q

Humulus lupulus - Parts Used

A
  • Strobile (its flowering body; like soft pinecones)
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21
Q

Humulus lupulus - Energetics

A
  • Cooling

- Lax

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22
Q

Humulus lupulus - Indications

A
  • Delirium tremens (alcohol withdrawal)
  • Restless leg syndrome
  • Dyspepsia
  • Nervous headache
  • Generalized nervous tension
  • Insomnia
  • Increase lactation
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23
Q

Humulus lupulus - Contraindications

A
  • Depression

- Pregnancy

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24
Q

Humulus lupulus - Other

A
  • Can be put into a pillow

- Non-alcoholic beer study for sleep in stressed population

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25
Valeriana officinalis - Family
- Valerianaceae
26
Valeriana officinalis - Part Used
- Root
27
Valeriana officinalis - Energetics
- Warming | - Lax
28
Valeriana officinalis - Indications
- Sleeping formulas - Musculoskeletal formulas - General relaxation - Nervousness - Mental depression and despondency - Hysteria and hypochondria - Nervous headache - Hemicrania - Chorea
29
Valeriana officinalis - Contraindications
- May potentiate the actions of other sleep-inducing agents - Long-term use was associated with benzodiazepine-like withdrawal in rats due to GABA receptor activity (one case of life-threatening withdrawal syndrome after surgery)
30
Valeriana officinalis - Other
- Wean off slowly - 10-15% has an opposite reaction (alert, awake) - Increases GABA, which decreases CNS excitation - Decreases BP through vasodilation and smooth muscle relaxation - Decreases wakefulness without causing morning hangover - Helpful in benzodiazepine withdrawal - Specifically indicated in mental depression with nervousness - Has synergistic action with cimicifuga - Proven effective in OCD study - Proven useful in preventing postoperative cognitive dysfunction after CABG surgery - Neuroprotective
31
Piper methysticum - Family
- Piperaceae
32
Piper methysticum - Part Used
- Roots
33
Piper methysticum - Energetics
- Warming
34
Piper methysticum - Indications
- Anxiety - Insomnia - Fibromyalgia - Cholecystitis - Ureteral spasm - Interstitial cystitis - Tension headache - Neuralgia - Kidney stones
35
Piper methysiticum - Contraindications/Cautions
- Pregnancy - Lactation - Liver disease - Potentiates the effects of alcohol - Benzodiazepines - Can be toxic!
36
Piper methysticum - Other
- Can be toxic! - Has a very immediate effect (use mostly for in-the-moment anxiety) - Native to Pacific Islands - Some people are more sensitive to it, so need to watch for ssx of liver disease - Long-term use has higher incidence of hepatotoxicity - Potential inhibition of cytochrome P450
37
Melissa officinalis - Family
- Lamiaceae
38
Melissa officinalis - Parts Used
- Whole plant before flowering
39
Melissa officinalis - Energestics
- Uplifting | - Cooling
40
Melissa officinalis - Indications
- Nervous dyspepsia - Anxiety - Depression - Insomnia - Migraines (particularly where stress is the cause) - Hyperthyroidism - Herpes simplex (used topically)
41
Melissa officinalis - Contraindications
- Hypothyroidism | - Pregnancy
42
Melissa officinalis - Other
- Called the "gladdening herb" - Powerful antioxidant effects due to rosmarinic acid - Inhibits TSH binding to TSH receptors - Inhibits GABA transaminase - Improved mental performance in mild/moderate Alzheimer patients - Improvement in oxidative stress and DNA damage in radiology staff - Neuroprotective - Gentle, effective - Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant - Increases processing speed
43
Leonurus cardiaca - Family
- Lamiacea
44
Leonurus cardiaca - Parts Used
- Aerial parts
45
Leonurus cardiaca - Energetics
- Neutral | - Drying
46
Leonurus cardiaca - Indications
- Nervousness - Irritability - Palpitations - Hyperthyroidism (and look-alike sx) - Amenorrhea - Postpartum depression
47
Leonurus cardiaca - Contraindications/Cautions
- Pregnancy - Doses over 3g may cause diarrhea, uterine bleeding, or GI upset - Hypothyroidism
48
Leonurus cardiaca - Other
- "Motherwort is tonic and laxative, a diaphoretic somewhat like asclepias (pleurisy root), an emmenagogue like cimicifuga, and a nervine like scutellaria"
49
Hypericum perforatum - Family
- Hypericaceae
50
Hypericum perforatum - Parts Used
- Fresh aerial parts
51
Hypericum perforatum - Energetics
- Mildly warming | - Enlightening
52
Hypericum perforatum - Indications
- Wound healing - Mild/moderate depression - Neuralgia - Nerve injury - Burns (topical)
53
Hypericum perforatum - Contraindications
- Induces CYP 3A4 and can cause increased clearance of pharmaceutical drugs (caution with all drugs - check for herb/drug interactions)
54
Hypericum perforatum - Other
- Synergistic in formulas for pain - Often gets sprayed, so harvest with caution - Very low toxicity - Can cause phototoxicity in large doses - Antiviral and antiretroviral activity
55
Passiflora incarnata - Family
- Passifloraceae
56
Passiflora incarnata - Parts Used
- Whole plant
57
Passiflora incarnata - Energetics
- Cooling
58
Passiflora incarnata - Indications
- Anxiety - Nervous headache - Restlessness - Insomnia
59
Passiflora incarnata - Contraindications
- Pregnancy | - Potentiates sedative drugs
60
Matricaria recutita - Family
- Asteraceae
61
Matricaria recutita - Parts Used
- Flower
62
Matricaria recutita - Energetics
- Cooling
63
Matricaria recutita - Indications
- Nervousness - Impatience - Discontent - Insomnia - Particularly useful in children
64
Matricaria recutita - Contraindications/Cautions
- High doses can cause vomiting and diarrhea
65
Matricaria recutita - Other
- Only need to use low doses - Very good for kids - Can be added as an activator to formulas
66
Eschscholtzia californica - Family
- Papaveraceae
67
Eschscholtzia californica - Parts Used
- Whole plant
68
Eschscholtzia californica - Energetics
- Cooling
69
Eschscholtzia californica - Indications
- Anxiety - Overexcitement - Restlessness - Insomnia - ADD/ADHD
70
Eschscholtzia californica - Contraindications
- Pregnancy
71
Eschscholtzia californica - Other
- In post-surgical pain formula - Happy and uplifting - Non-toxic and safe for kids - Non-addictive and no side effects

Botanical Materia Medica I (17 decks)

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