Week 10

Question 1

What was flow cytometry originally designed to measure?

Answer 1

measure physical properties of cells
• Ability to deflect light
• Influenced by size and internal structure

Question 2

Flow cytometry can rapidly analyse large cell populations and classify and quantify them according to what 3 things?

Answer 2

• Size
• Internal structures and complexity
• Antigenic characteristics

Question 3

What are the 2 ways flow cytometry is used in leukaemias?

Answer 3

• Identify clonal populations of cells

* Detect and quantitate minimal residual disease

Question 4

Immunophenotypes often correlate with what 2 types of abnormalities?

Answer 4

• Cytogenetic abnormalities

* Morphologic abnormalities

Question 5

In specimen staining what are the two types of markers used?

Answer 5

surface and intracellular

Question 6

Surface marker specimen staining is usually a cocktail of?

Answer 6

Fluorochrome-conjugated monoclonal antibodies

Question 7

Intracellular markers requires an additional step to make cell membrane what?

Answer 7

permeable to staining agents

Question 8

CD4 and CD22 are examples of what?

Answer 8

Monoclonal antibodies

Question 9

The CD in CD22 stands for what?

Answer 9

Cluster of differentiation

Question 10

Can flow cytometry define antigen expression on large and complex populations of
viable cells?

Answer 10

Yes

Question 11

Many antigens can be detected simultaneously on individual cells with flow cytometry. T-F

Answer 11

T

Question 12

In regards to light scatter
• Forward scatter =
• Side scatter =

Answer 12

• Forward scatter = Proportional to particle size

* Side scatter = Surface complexity • Internal structures • Nuclear folding • Granules • Vacuoles

Question 13

What are 3 ways gating signals that are detected be sorted?

Answer 13

• Size
• Cytoplasmic complexity
• Antigen expression

Question 14

Pluripotent stem cells usually express what markers?

Answer 14

• CD34
• CD38
• CD117
• HLA-DR

Question 15

CD45 is pan haemopoietic except for what 2 cell types?

Answer 15

erythrocytes, platelets

Question 16

Mature B-cells express what 2 CD markers and what Ig?

Answer 16

CD19 CD20
• Mix of Kappa and lambda light
chain Ig

Question 17

T-helper cells express what CD marker?

Answer 17

• CD4

Question 18

T-suppressor cells express what CD marker?

Answer 18

• CD8

Question 19

Do lymphocytic neoplastic cell populations demonstrate a single dominant cell type or a wide variety of cell types?

Answer 19

single

Question 20

CD3 is most specific what cell type?

Answer 20

T-cell marker

Question 21

Besides CD3 list some other T-cell markers:

Answer 21

• CD1a CD2 CD5 CD7 CD8

Question 22

CD3 and CD5 are pan-mature to what cell line?

Answer 22

T-cell markers

Question 23

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia would have what 4 markers?

Answer 23

• CD2 CD4 CD5 CD8

Question 24

Which of the following is true of CD45 antigen?

a) It is present on every cell population of the bone marrow
b) It is expressed on all haemopoietic cells except megakaryocytes and late erythroid precursors
c) It is not measured routinely in flow cytometry
d) It may be present on non-haemopoietic cells

Answer 24

b) It is expressed on all haemopoietic cells except megakaryocytes and late erythroid precursors

Question 25

Which of the following is true of flow cytometry gating? a) It is best defined as selection of a target population for flow cytometry analysis b) It can only be done at the time of data acquisition c) It can only be done at the time of final analysis and interpretation of flow cytometric data d) It is accomplished by adjusting flow rate

Answer 25

a) It is best defined as selection of a target population for flow cytometry analysis

Question 26

Collection of ungated events: a) Facilitates comprehensive analysis of all cells b) Does not help in the detection of unexpected abnormal populations c) Allows the collection of data on a large number of rare cells d) Is used for leukaemia diagnosis only

Answer 26

a) Facilitates comprehensive analysis of all cells

Question 27

During the initial evaluation of flow cytometric data, cell size, cytoplasmic complexity, and expression of CD45 antigen are used to define cell subpopulations. Which of the following parameters defines cytoplasmic complexity / granularity? a) SS b) FS c) CD45 d) HLA-DR

Answer 27

a) SS - side scatter

Question 28

The most important distinguishing feature of a mature neoplastic B-cell population is: a) The presence of a specific immunophenotype with expression of CD19 antigen b) A clonal light chain expression (i.e. exclusively kappa- or lamda- positive population) c) A clonal T-cell receptor expression d) Aberrant expression of CD5 antigen on CD19+ cells

Answer 28

b) A clonal light chain expression (i.e. exclusively kappa- or lamda- positive population)