Week 10 Terms: Orthopedics; Spine and LEs, Cancer, and Lymphedema Flashcards

Question

**What types of malignant tumor cells are there?**

Answer 1

Carcinoma Sarcoma Blastomas

Answer 2

Contains Cancerous Cells Able to Invade Nearby Tissue Can shed cells that travel through the blood or lymphatic system to other parts of the body to form new tumors Can Return After Being Removed May have an Uneven Shape Don't Move Around When you Push on Them Can be Life-Threatening Require Treatment

Answer 3

Pain Obstruction Weight loss Fatigue Necrosis and ulceration Infection Bleeding

Answer 4

Routine Screening- for early detection Self-Examination- early detection if done consistently Blood Tests- measure blood cell levels during treatment, may detect tumor markers (PSA test) Radiographs, Ultrasound, MRI, CT Cytological Tests- Require biopsy or cell sample

Answer 5

Spread to distant sites Spreads via blood or lymph or other body fluids Ex. Carcinoma of the colon spreads to the liver

Answer 6

**Stage 0:** Abnormal Cells are present but have not spread to nearby tissuse (also called carcinoma in situ CIS. CIS is not cancer, but may become cancer) **Stage I, II, and III:** Cancer is present. The higher the number, the larger the cancer tumor and the more it has spread into nearby tissues. **Stage IV:** The cancer has spread to distant parts of the body

Answer 7

an approach that aims to improve quality of life for families and patients facing life-threatening illness. It provides relief from pain and other distressing symptoms, support to help patients live as actively as possible, and coping and bereavement assistance

Answer 8

Abnormal cells with potential to become cancerous

Answer 9

Local Spread Tumor cells grow into adjacent tissues

Answer 10

Degree of Progression **T**umor Size **N**umber of lymph noed to which it has spread **M**etastasis Present

Answer 11

Used to diagnose, treat, and prevent cancer

Answer 12

Complications Pain Infection from wound site Lymphedema

Answer 13

Medicines or drugs that are used to treat cancer Kill cancer cells and eradicate altogether OR Contain or slow down tumor growth

Answer 14

Fever and chills Nausea and vomiting Hair loss Fatigue Sores in mouth or throat Constipation or diarrhea Itching/rash Muscle or joint pain Memory changes Peripheral neuropathy

Answer 15

The use of high-energy particles or wavelengths to kill the cancerous cells and shrink tumors

Answer 16

Fatigue Skin Irritation at Site Fever and Chills

Answer 17

A type of biological therapy that uses substances made from living organisms to treat cancer

Answer 18

Skin Irritation at Needle SIte Flu-like Symptoms Swelling Weight-Gain

Answer 19

Deadliest Type More treatable than in past Small cell or non-small cell Leading cause: smoking, environmental factors Often diagnosed (Dx) in late stages Primary or secondary site

Answer 20

Is one of the more deadly cancers Increased risk over age 50 Early detection and possible prevention by colonoscopy Change in bowel habits or bowel obstruction at later stages Can cause life-altering surgeries and treatments such as colostomy In some cases colostomies are reversed if treatment goes well

Answer 21

Poor prognosis because of hidden nature of cancer High mortality rates May not be known until there is change in bowel or bladder function or unexpected increase in abdominal girth All the other abdominal organs are vulnerable to spread due

Answer 22

Most common cancer among women 2nd leading cause of death for women

Answer 23

Age Heredity Physical inactivity Weight gain Use of hormone replacement therapy African American women most likely to die from breast CA, which may be due to more aggressive form

Answer 24

1. Life-threatening because of compression of brain tissue 2. Primary tumor usually fatal; thus, no metastasis (Gould) 3. Common deficits for which rehabilitation services are needed include the following: * Impaired cognition * Weakness * Visual-perceptual deficits * Sensory loss * Bowel–bladder dysfunction | May present as if they've had a stroke due to pressure on brain

Answer 25

Throat, larynx, nose, sinus or mouth More common in males Older adults Caused by tobacco, excessive alcohol use, Human Papaloma Virus (HPV) *May experience anxiety & guilt over cause of cancer & implications for loved ones*

Answer 26

Inadequate drainage of lymphatic fluid Caused by blockage of lymphatic flow due to: * tumor or scar tissue * inflammation of lymph nodes and vessels related to radiation * surgical resection of lymph nodes Most commonly associated with breast cancer *can occur with other forms of cancer* Typically occurs in the arms or legs Increased edema in area impacted *affects ROM and function*