Week 1 Terms: Intro to Course, Pathophysiology, and Cardiac Conditions

Question 1

What is the Gross level?

Answer 1

Organ or system level

Question 2

Diagnosis is…

A. Identification of the cause of disease
B. Identifying a pathogen of unknown origin
C. Identification of a pathogen
D. Identification of a disease

Answer 2

D. Identification of a disease

Question 3

Exacerbation

Answer 3

Increase in the severity of a disease or its symptoms

Question 4

What are examples of cardiovascular disease?

• *A. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)**
• *B. Congenital Defects**
• *C. Vascular Pruritus**
• *D. A & B**
• *E. A, B, & C**

Answer 4

D. A & B

There is no such thing as vascular pruritus

Question 5

Hypertension is…

A. Low blood pressure
B. Low heart rate
C. High blood pressure
D. High heart rate

Answer 5

C. High blood pressure

Question 6

The examination of a corpse to determine the cause of death is…

Answer 6

An autopsy

Question 7

Symptoms

Answer 7

Subjective characteristics of disease felt only by the patient

Question 8

A device that delivers electrical impulses to the heart to regulate the heartbeat is…

Answer 8

A pacemaker

Question 9

Pathophysiology

Answer 9

The study of how normal physiologic processes are affected by disease

Question 10

Pathogenesis

Answer 10

development of disease

Question 11

True/False

Atrophy is the increase in cell size

Answer 11

False

Atrophy is the decrease in cell size

Question 12

A syndrome is…

A. a group of lesions
B. a group of symptoms
C. a group of syndromes
D. a group of pathogens

Answer 12

B. A group of symptoms

Question 13

Prodromal Period is…

A. Long period before incubation; early, mild symptoms
B. Short period before incubation; early, mild symptoms
C. Long period after incubation; early, mild symptoms
D. Short period after incubation; early, mild symptoms

Answer 13

D. Short period after incubation; early, mild symptoms

Question 14

Answer 14

Question 15

Endogenous

Answer 15

Produced within the body

Question 16

Hypertension (HTN)

Answer 16

High Blood Pressure

Systolic blood pressure > 140 mmHg

Diastolic pressure > 90 mmHg

on repeated examination

Question 17

Atherosclerosis

Answer 17

Plaque buildup on the inner lining of blood vessels

Question 18

What are areas of tissue that have been pathologically altered by injury, wound, or infection?

Answer 18

Lesions

Question 19

Pulmonary Edema

Answer 19

Accumulation of fluid in the lungs

Question 20

Dysplasia

Answer 20

Cells vary in size and shape within a tissue

Question 21

Stent

Answer 21

Wire-mesh tube used to keep arteries open

Question 22

What is a disorder where the heart loses part of its ability to effectively pump blood, usually as a result of damage to the heart muscle and usually resulting in a backup of fluid into the lungs?

Answer 22

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

Question 23

Dysrhythmia

Answer 23

Abnormal heart rhythm

Question 24

Idiopathic

Answer 24

Pertaining to disease of unknown origin

Question 25

**Morbidity**

Answer 25

disease rates within a group

Question 26

**Secondary focus in healthcare is…**

Answer 26

to halt or slow progression after a diagnosis

Question 27

**An epidemic that is geographically widespread is…**

Answer 27

Pandemic

Question 28

**True/False** Angina pectoralis (pectoris) is chest pain.

Answer 28

**True** Occurs when there is a deficit of oxygen to the heart muscle usually due to an obstruction caused by atherosclerosis or spasm in the arteries

Question 29

**Homeostasis**

Answer 29

The maintenance of a constant internal environment

Question 30

* *Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease** * *(COPD)**

Answer 30

umbrella term used to describe progressive lung diseases including emphysema and chronic bronchitis

Question 31

**Infarction**

Answer 31

area of dead cells resulting from lack of oxygen

Question 32

**Exogenous**

Answer 32

from the environment

Question 33

**Epidemiology**

Answer 33

The study of the occurrence and distribution of disorders in a population

Question 34

**Sick Sinus Syndrome (SSS)**

Answer 34

alternating between sinus brady (slow heart beat) and sinus tach (fast heart beat)

Question 35

**Ability**

Answer 35

A general trait an individual brings to learning a new task

Question 36

**Microscopic Level is…** A. Miniature Level B. Cellular Level C. Organism Level D. None of the above

Answer 36

B. Cellular Level

Question 37

**Arteriosclerosis**

Answer 37

general term for degeneration changes in arteries making them less elastic

Question 38

**Mortality**

Answer 38

The number of deaths caused by a particular disease, illness or other environmental factor

Question 39

**A period of recovery is…**

Answer 39

Covalescence

Question 40

**True/False** Necrosis are dying cells that cause further cell damage due to cellular disintegration.

Answer 40

**True**

Question 41

**Diagnostic Tests**

Answer 41

Laboratory tests that assist in the diagnosis of a specific disease

Question 42

**-therapy**

Answer 42

Treatment methods aimed at making people feel better and function more effectively

Question 43

**Disease that is transmitted from one individual to another**

Answer 43

Communicable Disease

Question 44

* *Coronary Artery Bypass Graft** * *(CABG)**

Answer 44

Open heart surgery involving arterial bypass using a transplanted vein

Question 45

**Necrotic tissue infected by bacteria is…**

Answer 45

Gangrene

Question 46

**Capacities are the basis of…** A. Process B. Performance C. Controls D. Occupational Functioning

Answer 46

**B. Performance**

Question 47

**Objectively observed indictors of a disorder are…** ## Footnote A. Symptoms B. Signs C. Syndromes D. Indications

Answer 47

B. Signs

Question 48

**Sub-Clinical**

Answer 48

Stage of disease or disorder not severe enough to produce symptoms that can be detected or diagnosed

Question 49

**Iatrogenic**

Answer 49

Diseases that occur as a result of medical treatment

Question 50

**Mature cell type is replaced by a different mature cell type called…**

Answer 50

Metaplasia

Question 51

**Hypertrophy**

Answer 51

increase in cell size

Question 52

**Manifestations**

Answer 52

Clinical evidence or effects, the signs and symptoms of disease

Question 53

**Rapid, random, ineffective contractions of the atrium; very fast is:** ## Footnote A. Atrial Flutter B. Atrial Syndrome C. Atrial Fibrillation D. Both A and C

Answer 53

C. Atrial Fibrillation

Question 54

**The temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of the symptoms of a disease without having achieved a cure is…**

Answer 54

Remission

Question 55

**Tertiary focus in healthcare is…**

Answer 55

chronic disease management, increase quality of life

Question 56

**Neoplasia**

Answer 56

“New growth”- commonly called tumor

Question 57

**Primary focus in healthcare is…**

Answer 57

to prevent against development of disease

Question 58

**True/False** Alteration in the ability of the heart to contract is systolic heart failure

Answer 58

**True**

Question 59

**The removal of living tissue from the body for diagnostic examination is…**

Answer 59

A biopsy

Question 60

**What is a myocardial infarction (MI) in which there is no ST-segment elevation called?**

Answer 60

Non-STEMI

Question 61

**Sequelae is…** ## Footnote A. Potential wanted outcomes of the primary condition B. Potential unwanted outcomes of the secondary condition C. Potential wanted outcomes of the secondary condition D. Potential unwanted outcomes of the primary condition

Answer 61

D. potential unwanted outcomes of the primary condition

Question 62

**Myocardial Infarction (MI)**

Answer 62

Heart attack the occlusion of one or more coronary arteries caused by plaque buildup (AKA: lack of oxygen to cardiac tissue resulting in cell death)

Question 63

**Anaplasia**

Answer 63

Undifferentiated cells with variable nuclear and cell structures

Question 64

**Epidemic**

Answer 64

widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time

Question 65

**Apoptosis**

Answer 65

Programmed cell death

Question 66

**Prophylaxis is…** ## Footnote A. a process or measure that causes disease B. a process or measure that prevents disease C. a process or measure that detects disease D. B & C

Answer 66

B. a process or measure that prevents disease

Question 67

**No symptoms or clinical signs evident is called…**

Answer 67

Latent state

Question 68

**Bradycardia**

Answer 68

Slow heart rate

Question 69

**True/False** Hypertension is often unable to be controlled by lifestyle changes and medication.

Answer 69

**False** Hypertension **CAN** be adequately controlled by lifestyle changes and medication

Question 70

**The technique of mechanically widening a narrowed or obstructed blood vessel is…**

Answer 70

Angioplasty

Question 71

**True/False** Tachycardia is a normal heart rate

Answer 71

**False** Tachycardia is a rapid heart rate

Question 72

**An inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, especially the heart muscles is…**

Answer 72

Ischemia

Question 73

**The inability of the heart to fill adequately is…**

Answer 73

Diastolic heart failure

Question 74

**ST elevation MI affecting the anterior wall of the left ventricle is called…**

Answer 74

Anterior STEMI

Question 75

**Atrial Flutter**

Answer 75

Irregular beating of the atria; fast

Question 76

**Etiology**

Answer 76

Cause of disease

Question 77

**True/False** Hyperplasia is the increase in number of cells

Answer 77

**True**