Week 11 Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is the relationship between depth and size perception?
They are interdependent — how big something looks affects how far it seems, and vice versa
What are the two oculomotor depth cues?
Binocular convergence and accommodation
What is binocular convergence?
The inward turning of the eyes when focusing on a close object
What is accommodation?
Lens shape change to focus on near vs. far objects
What are the three categories of monocular cues?
Accommodation
Movement-based cues (motion parallax)
Pictorial cues
Name 3 pictorial depth cues.
Occlusion
Relative height
Perspective convergence
What is binocular disparity?
The difference in retinal image location between the two eyes
What is the horopter?
An imaginary plane of points that have zero disparity (fall on same part in either retina)
What does relative disparity refer to?
The difference in disparity between two objects — independent of fixation
What is the correspondence problem in depth perception?
The brain’s challenge of matching features from left and right eye images
What is size constancy?
Perception that an object’s size remains the same despite changes in distance
What is the formula for size perception?
S = K × (R × D)
What is the missing fundamental effect?
Perceiving the pitch of a sound even when its fundamental frequency is absent
What is tone height vs chroma?
Height = pitch level
Chroma = similarity of notes an octave apart
What is timbre?
Sound quality that distinguishes different instruments playing the same note
What are the two binaural cues for sound localization?
Interaural time difference
Interaural level difference
What is the cone of confusion?
A set of points that produce the same binaural cues, making sound location ambiguous
What monaural cue helps detect sound elevation?
Frequency filtering by the pinna
What is the precedence effect?
The brain suppresses echoes if sounds are separated by 5–20ms, perceiving only the first sound
Name five cues for auditory scene analysis (sound source separation).
Location
Onset time
Timbre/pitch
Auditory continuity
Experience
What are the four key acoustic properties in architectural acoustics?
Reverberation time
Intimacy time
Bass ratio
Spaciousness factor
What does auditory continuity mean?
Continuous tones interrupted by noise heard as continuous
Tones interrupted by silence heard as separate
