Week 11 Gluteal Region and Thigh Flashcards
(29 cards)
What are the 3 muscles of the gluteal region
gluteus maximus, medius & minimus
What is the 2 origin, 2 insertion, 2 action and nerve supply of gluteus maximus
- origin: posterior gluteal line, sacrotuberous ligament
- insertion: ITT & gluteal tuberosity
- action: extension of flexed hip & brings limb into line with trunk
- nerve supply: gluteal nerves
When is the gluteus maximus used
- in standing & climbing stairs – ‘raising’ trunk (e.g. after stooping) by rotating pelvis backwards on head of femur
What is the 2 origin, insertion, 2 aciton of gluteus medius
- origin: between posterior & anterior gluteal line
- insertion: greater trochanter
- action: abduction & MR of hip
What is the 2 origin, insertion, 2 aciton of gluteus minimus
- origin: between anterior & inferior gluteal lines
- insertion: greater trochanter
- action: abduction & MR of hip
What are the 6 small muscles of the gluteal region of thigh, each of their origins, and the collective insertion
- piriformis: from ventral sacrum
- superior gemellus: from ischial spine
- inferior gemellus: from ischial tuberosity
- obturator internus: inner surface obturator membrane and foramen
- obturator externus: outer surface
obturator foramen - quadratus femoris: from ischial tuberosity
- All insert onto greater trochanter [intertrochanteric crest]
What is the connective tissue surrounding thigh called?
tough connective tissue - fascia lata (FL)
Describe the structure of fascia lata
- separates muscles into posterior, anterior & medial muscle compartments
- thickened laterally to form iliotibial tract/band [ITT/ITB]
- passes over knee & becomes continuous with fascia of leg
attaches distally to the femoral & tibial condyles & fibula - forms ‘sleeve’ around entire lower limb
What are the 4 muscles of the Anterior compartment of thigh: flexors of hip
- Tensor fasciae latae
- Psoas major & psoas minor
- Iliacus
- Pectineus
- Sartorius
What is the origin, insertion, action of tensor fasciae latae
- origin: anterior, outer lip of crest of ilium
- insertion: fascia lata (ITT)
- action: extends & stabilizes knee, with gluteus maximus; MR thigh
-> maintains posture in standing & steadies pelvis on femur
What is the 2 origin, insertion and action of Psoas major & psoas minor
- origin: bodies, transverse processes & discs of T12 - L1
- insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
- action: hip flexion
What is the origin, insertion action of Iliacus
- origin: iliac fossa
- insertion: lesser trochanter (with psoas major)
- action: hip flexion
What is the origin, insertion, 2 action of Pectineus
- origin: pectineal line of pubis
- insertion: pectineal line of femur
- action: hip adduction & flexion
What is the origin, insertion, 4 action, nerve supply of sartorius
- origin: anterior superior iliac spine [ASIS]
- insertion: medial surface of tibia
- action: hip & knee flexion, abduction, LR of thigh
- nerve supply: femoral nerve
What are the 4 muscle bellies of the quadriceps femoris
- insert onto the patella
- rectus femoris
- Vastus lateralis
- Vastus medialis
- Vastus intermedius
What is the 2 origin, insertion, 2 actions, nerve supply of rectus femoris
- origin: straight (AIIS) & reflected (acetabular margin) heads
- insertion: patella
- action: hip flexion (weak) & knee extension
- nerve supply: femoral nerve
What is the 4 origin, insertion of Vastus lateralis
- origin: intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity & linea aspera
- insertion: patella
What is the 3 origin, insertion of castus medialis
- origin: intertrochanteric line, spiral line, linea aspera
- insertion: patella [lower fibres horizontal]
What is the 2 origin, insertion, action, nerve supply of vastus intermedius
- origin: anterior & lateral aspects femoral shaft
- insertion: patella
- action: knee extension
- nerve supply: femoral nerve
What are the 4 muscles of the Medial compartment of thigh: adductors of hip
- Adductor longus
- Adductor brevis
- Adductor magnus
- Gracilis
What is the origin, insertion of Adductor longus
- origin: pubis (b/w crest & symphysis)
- insertion: linea aspera
What is the 2 origin, insertion of adductor brevis
- origin: body & inferior ramus of pubis
- insertion: upper linea aspera
What is the 3 origin, 2 insertion of Adductor magnus
- origin: inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus & tuberosity
- insertion: linea aspera & adductor tubercle
What is the origin, insertion, action, nerve supply of gracilis
- origin: pubis
- insertion: medial surface tibia
- action: adduction; knee flexion
- nerve supply: obturator nerve
