Week 1.2/1.3

Question 1

What are the 4 basic types of tissues ?

Answer 1

Epithelial
Connective
Nervous
Muscular

Question 2

Which tissue covers the body surfaces and lines passages and cavities?

Answer 2

Epithelial

Question 3

This tissue has little extracellular substance and no blood vessels

Answer 3

Epithelial

Question 4

What are the 3 main types/shapes of epithelial tissue?

Answer 4

Cuboidal, squamous, pseudostratified

Question 5

Epithelial layers can be ____ or _____

Answer 5

Simple (single layer) or stratified (multiple layers)

Question 6

Which tissue is considered to be the glue’ of the body?

Answer 6

Connective tissue.

Question 7

What is connective tissue comprised of?

Answer 7

Cells and fibrous matrix

Question 8

Connective tissue can be tense or loose. What does this mean?

Answer 8

Dense = tightly packed fibres...resist tension and less ground substance
Loose = fewer fibres and more ground substance

Question 9

4 examples of dense ct

Answer 9

Tendons, aponeurosis, ligaments, fascia

Question 10

2 examples of loose ct

Answer 10

Areolar (bed for skin, adipose (fat storing cells).

Question 11

When fibres are in parallel rows, they are said to be

Answer 11

Regular

Question 12

Name the 3 types of specialized connective tissue

Answer 12

Blood, cartilage, bone

Question 13

Blood cells are called

Answer 13

Erythrocytes

Question 14

What consistency is the blood’s matrix?

Answer 14

Serum

Question 15

Leukocytes are found in

Answer 15

Blood (B cells and T cells that are part of immune system)

Question 16

Cells in the cartilage are called

Answer 16

Chondrocytes

Question 17

Consistency of cartilage matrix

Answer 17

Gelatinous

Question 18

3 types of cartilage

Answer 18

Hyaline, fibrous, elastic

Question 19

Most abundant cartilage found in riblage, larynx and nose

Answer 19

Hyaline

Question 20

Most flexible cartilage in outer ear and epiglottis

Answer 20

Elastic

Question 21

Thick parallel bundles Of cartilage in intervertebral discs

Answer 21

Fibrous (tough, inflexible,and resistant to compression… Shock absorber)

Question 22

Name of bone cells

Answer 22

Osteocytes

Question 23

Bone matrix

Answer 23

Dense bone matrix

Question 24

Muscle tissue is formed by

Answer 24

Muscle cells or fibres that come together

Question 25

An important property of muscle tissue is

Answer 25

Contractility

Question 26

3 types of muscle

Answer 26

Striated, smooth, cardiac

Question 27

Striated, or _ muscle, is under what kind of control?

Answer 27

Skeletal; voluntary | Note; skeletal muscle is the only one under voluntary control

Question 28

Which type of muscle constitutes the muscular portion of visceral organs and blood vessels?

Answer 28

Smooth

Question 29

Smooth: voluntary or involuntary control?

Answer 29

Involuntary

Question 30

Walls of the heart contain which muscle

Answer 30

Cardiac

Question 31

Is the cardiac muscle striated?

Answer 31

Yes

Question 32

Which muscle tissues are modulated by neural Activity and hormones?

Answer 32

Cardiac and smooth (involuntary control)

Question 33

2 types of cells in nervous tissue

Answer 33

Neurons (nerve cells) and glial cells (supporting cells)

Question 34

What are the 2 ways to transmit information in nervous tissue?

Answer 34

Electrical (action potentials) and chemical (neurotransmitters)

Question 35

Functional unit comprised of 2 or more types of tissue

Answer 35

Organ

Question 36

Functional unit combination of one or more organs

Answer 36

System

Question 37

Multiple systems functioning together

Answer 37

Process (put systems together for a specific purpose)

Question 38

Where are the cell bodies of neurons?

Answer 38

CNS

Question 39

Ganglia aggregate of cell bodies are in

Answer 39

PNS

Question 40

Which system is involved in carrying signals to and from the CNS?

Answer 40

Cranial nerves and spinal nerves from the PNS

Question 41

Organization of motor neurons in cranial nerve

Answer 41

Upper and lower motor neuron

Question 42

Organization of sensory neurons in Cranial nerve

Answer 42

Primary nerve, secondary nerve, tertiary nerve

Question 43

Where does the impulse to activate a muscle arise?

Answer 43

Motor strip of the cerebral cortex

Question 44

Where does the cell body of the upper motor neuron lay?

Answer 44

Starts in the motor cortex

Question 45

Where is the motor nucleus of the upper motor neuron?

Answer 45

Brainstem

Question 46

List the 3 main points in the upper motor neuron pathway (where is cell body, where does axon lead to/what is located here)

Answer 46

Cell body in motor cortex Axon extends to brainstem where the motor nucleus is located Lower motor neuron then takes over

Question 47

Most cranial nerves provide what type of innovation?

Answer 47

Bilateral (both sides)

Question 48

Describe the pathway of lower motor neurons

Answer 48

Cell body is in the brainstem nucleus associated with nerve | Axon extends to and innervantes muscle fibres

Question 49

Explain general pathway of a motor neuron

Answer 49

UPPER - cell body in motor cortex and axon extends to the brainstem (nucleus is here) LOWER - motor cell body in brainstem is associated with the nerve and then innervates muscle fibre respective

Question 50

The CNS is the ____ and ____ and the PNS is the ____ and ___

Answer 50

Brain and spinal cord; cranial nerves and spinal nerves

Question 51

The respiratory system is controlled by ___ nerves, otherwise everything else is pretty much controlled by ____ nerves

Answer 51

Spinal; cranial

Question 52

2 divisions of the PNS

Answer 52

Sensory (afferent) Division | Motor (efferent) Division

Question 53

The sensory (afferent) division transmits sensory information from ___ to _____

Answer 53

Periphery TO CNS

Question 54

The motor (efferent) division transmits motor commands from ____ to ____

Answer 54

CNS TO Periphery

Question 55

2 types of pathways from the motor (efferent) division

Answer 55

Somatic (voluntary control skeletal muscle) | Autonomic (involuntary control smooth and cardiac muscle)

Question 56

2 responses of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 56

Sympathetic (excitatory) | Parasympathetic (inhibitory)

Question 57

Nuclei aggregate in the cell bodies of the ____ VS ganglia aggregate in the ____

Answer 57

CNS;PNS