Week 12 Learning Outcomes

Question 1

What are the key functions of the skin?

Answer 1

Protection, sensation, thermoregulation, and metabolic functions.

The skin acts as a barrier against pathogens and helps in the synthesis of vitamin D.

Question 2

What are the discrete layers of the skin?

Answer 2

Epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis.

Each layer has distinct functions; for example, the epidermis provides a protective barrier, while the dermis contains connective tissue and blood vessels.

Question 3

What is the role of keratinocytes?

Answer 3

They produce keratin, a protein that helps protect the skin and prevent water loss.

Keratinocytes are the most abundant cells in the epidermis.

Question 4

What are the other cell types found in the epidermis?

Answer 4

Melanocytes, Langerhans cells, and Merkel cells.

Melanocytes produce melanin, Langerhans cells are involved in immune response, and Merkel cells are associated with touch sensation.

Question 5

What are the key functional components of the skin?

Answer 5

Sweat glands, sebaceous glands, hair follicles, and sensory receptors.

These components play roles in thermoregulation, lubrication, and sensation.

Question 6

How does the integument help maintain body temperature?

Answer 6

By regulating blood flow and sweat production.

When the body is hot, blood vessels dilate, and sweat is produced to cool the skin through evaporation.