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w.RADT 131 > week 12: toes-tib/fib > Flashcards

week 12: toes-tib/fib Flashcards

1
Q

size of IR and orientation of IR for toe exams

A

8x10 inches, landscape

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2
Q

where is the CR centered for AP toe?

A

MTP joint in question

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3
Q

where is the CR centered for oblique toe?

A

MTP joint in question

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4
Q

without a wedged, for AP toe exams, how is the CR angled?

A

10-15 degrees towards calcaneus (CR perpendicular to phalanges)

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5
Q

with a wedge, for AP toe exams, how is the CR angled?

A

if 15 degree wedge is used, CR is perpendicular to IR

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6
Q

how would you rotate for AP Oblique toe digits 1, 2, and 3?

A

medially

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7
Q

how would you rotate for AP Oblique toe digits 4 and 5?

A

laterally

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8
Q

where is the CR centered for AP Oblique toes?

A

at MTP joint, perpendicular to IR

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9
Q

for AP oblique toes, the metatarsal heads should appear (open/closed)

A

open

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10
Q

for a lateral foot exam, the foot ____________; __________ needs to be lateral

A

needs to be in the same plane, entire leg

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11
Q

how is the CR angled in lateral toe exam?

A

perpendicular to IR

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12
Q

where is the CR centered for lateral toe exams?

A

CR directed to interphalangeal joint for 1st digit and to DIP joint for 2-5th digits

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13
Q

general AP foot CR angle

A

10 deg posteriorly (towards heel); CR perpendicular to metatarsals

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14
Q

AP foot CR angle for high arch

A

15 degrees

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15
Q

AP foot CR angle for low arch

A

5 degrees

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16
Q

AP foot CR angle for foreign body

A

no angle, CR perpendicular to IR

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17
Q

where is the CR centered in AP foot exams?

A

base of third metatarsal

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18
Q

IR size and orientation for AP foot

A

10x12 inches, portrait

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19
Q

IR size and orientation for AP Oblique foot

A

10x12 inches, portrait

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20
Q

note: AP projection of foot could be more accurately called…

A

AP Axial Foot

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21
Q

in an AP foot, the MTP joints are generally ____

A

open

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22
Q

how is the CR angled for an AP Oblique foot?

A

perpendicular (0 angulation)

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23
Q

where is the CR directed for AP Oblique foot?

A

base of third metatarsal

24
Q

for an AP Oblique foot, rotate foot _____ to place ____ surface 30-40 (more likely __) degrees to plane of IR

A

medially, plantar, 40

25
Q

why is 40 deg. preferred over 30 degrees for an AP Oblique foot?

A

40 deg demonstrates tarsals and proximal metatarsals best relatively free of superimposition

26
Q

what is the angle of the CR for lateral foot?

A

perpendicular to IR

27
Q

where is the CR directed in a lateral foot?

A

medial cuneiform (at the level of the base of the 3rd metatarsal)

28
Q

Plantar surface is _______ to IR in a lateral foot exam

A

perpendicular

29
Q

what is the CR angle for plantodorsal (axial) projection for calcaneus x-ray?

A

CR 40 deg. Cephalad from long axis of foot (40 degrees from vertical if long axis of foot is perpendicular)

30
Q

where is the CR directed for plantodorsal (axial) projection for calcaneus x-ray?

A

Direct CR to base of third metatarsal to emerge at a level just distal to lateral malleolus (approx. curve of the arch of the foot)

31
Q

what is the CR angle for lateral (mediolateral) projection for calcaneus x-ray?

A

perpendicular to IR

32
Q

where is the CR directed for lateral (mediolateral) for calcaneus x-ray?

A

directed to a point 1 inch inferior to medial malleolus

33
Q

where is the CR directed for an AP ankle x-ray?

A

point midway between malleoli

34
Q

what is the CR angle for an AP ankle x-ray?

A

perpendicular to the IR

35
Q

for an AP ankle x-ray, the intermalleolar line (should/should not) be parallel to IR because ______________

A

should not, the malleoli are not parallel to each other

36
Q

the lateral malleolus is _________________

A

approximately 15 deg. more posterior

37
Q

evaluation criteria of AP ankle

A

Distal ⅓ of tibia and fibula
Proximal ½ of metatarsals included
Medial and superior aspect of ankle joint open

38
Q

for an AP Mortise ankle x-ray, __________ rotate entire leg and foot _____ deg until ________________

A

internally, 15-20, intermalleolar line is parallel to IR

39
Q

where is the CR directed for an AP Mortise ankle x-ray?

A

midway between malleoli

40
Q

what is the CR angle for an AP Mortise ankle x-ray?

A

perpendicular to the IR

41
Q

evaluation criteria for AP Mortise ankle x-ray

A

Entire ankle mortise open
Distal ⅓ of tibia and fibula
Proximal ½ of metatarsals included
Optimal exposure factors

42
Q

in an AP 45 deg. Oblique ankle x-ray, you rotate the patient’s ____________

A

leg and foot medially

43
Q

where is the CR directed for a AP 45 Oblique ankle x-ray?

A

midway between malleoli

44
Q

what is the CR angle for a AP 45 Oblique ankle x-ray?

A

perpendicular to IR

45
Q

Biggest difference between Mortise and 45 deg Oblique evaluation criteria

A

45 oblique is going to de-superimpose the tib/fib (thus closing the mortise)

46
Q

what is the CR angle for a lateral ankle x-ray?

A

perpendicular to the IR

47
Q

where is the CR directed for a lateral ankle x-ray?

A

medial malleolus

48
Q

45 Oblique ankle x-ray evaluation criteria

A

Distal tibiofibular joint open
Distal ⅓ of tibia and fibula
Proximal ½ of metatarsals included

49
Q

lateral ankle x-ray evaluation criteria

A

Entire talus and calcaneus
Lateral malleolus superimposed over posterior half of tibia
Optimal exposure factors

50
Q

where is the CR directed for an AP tib/fib x-ray?

A

directed to midpoint of lower leg

51
Q

what is the angle of the CR for an AP tib/fib x-ray?

A

perpendicular to the IR

52
Q

what is the angle of the CR for a lateral tib/fib x-ray?

A

perpendicular to the IR

53
Q

where is the CR directed for a lateral tib/fib x-ray?

A

directed to midpoint of lower leg

54
Q

evaluation notes for AP tib/fib

A

-Femoral and tibial epicondyles in profile with intercondylar eminence centered within intercondylar fossa
-some overlap of fib and tib is visible at both proximal and distal ends

55
Q

what is the projection of a lateral tib/fib x-ray?

A

mediolateral projection

56
Q

the plane of the patella for a lateral tib/fib x-ray is going to be ________

A

perpendicular to the IR

w.RADT 131 (11 decks)

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