week 14

Question 1

What is Ludovica Lorusso’s main critique of using Self-Identified Races (SIRs) in biomedical research?

Answer 1

They are too subjective and socially constructed to predict health outcomes.

Question 2

Why is race considered a poor proxy for genetic predisposition?

Answer 2

Because racial categories are determined by culture and society, not biology.

Question 3

Which of the following factors, according to Lorusso, should be considered to explain health disparities? (Select all that apply)

Answer 3

• Socioeconomic status
• Cultural norms
• Environmental exposures
• Psychological stressors

Question 4

What is one example of how external factors can biologically affect individuals over time, according to Lorusso?

Answer 4

Through epigenetic changes influenced by chronic stress.

Question 5

What is the key difference between affective empathy and cognitive empathy?

Answer 5

Affective empathy involves feeling another’s emotions, while cognitive empathy involves understanding them.

Question 6

According to Songhorian, why is empathy alone not enough for moral behavior?

Answer 6

Because empathy can exist without moral concern or action.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about empathy and moral behavior are supported by the video? (Select all that apply)

Answer 7

• Empathy can be used manipulatively, such as by sadists
• Cognitive empathy helps us understand others’ emotions without feeling them
• Moral concern requires more than just emotional resonance