Week 2

Question 1

What values led to different urbam development ?

Answer 1

Symbolic/ religious, Power, Colonization

Question 2

Key features of a symbolic urban development

Answer 2

High tower, large squares

Question 3

Key features of a Power urban development

Answer 3

High central buildings, Important place

Question 4

Key features of a colonization urban development

Answer 4

Square streets which could be built fast, easy to build, fit many people

Question 5

What is urban angst

Answer 5

Cities seen as sources of pollution both morally and environmentally

Question 6

Two major challenges the BE had

Answer 6

The housing question and public health crisis

Question 7

What is the housing question?

Answer 7

How could workers be decently and affordably housed?

Question 8

Solution for the housing question

Answer 8

From overcrowded tenements and barracks to first experimenrts with social housing

Question 9

What is the public heatlh crisis?

Answer 9

Overcrowding and improper living conditions resulted in frequent illnes and epidemics in cities

Question 10

Solution to the public health crisis

Answer 10

Water and sewer systems were introduced to improve hygiene standards of living

Question 11

What is the park movement

Answer 11

Bringing the nature in the city

Question 12

Who is the designer of central park in New York

Answer 12

Frederick Law Olmstead

Question 13

What had a major impact on western cities in the early 20th century

Answer 13

New transportation technologies

Question 14

What could happen because if new transportation technologies in cities

Answer 14

Cities could expand and deconcentrate simply due to market force

Question 15

What brouht the fact that reformers could focus on improving the housing conditions

Answer 15

The first generation social and public housing programs.

Question 16

the city garden bl bla

Question 17

what is the city in the garden concept?

Answer 17

benefits of living in the country with the attractions of living in the city

Question 18

What was developt interwar and post-war in europe, north america based on the concepts of garden city

Answer 18

Garden villages and garden subburbs

Question 19

what made the expasnion of housing develop in 1950s-1960s

Answer 19

Repate increase of private transport by car

Question 20

Meaning of high density towers in green environments

Answer 20

Highly compact living with all amenities provided in the space of the tower

Question 21

characteristics of the radiant city

Answer 21

Build cities as “machine for living in”, Concrete prefab techniques

Question 22

What is zoning the city means

Answer 22

strictly separating residential, commercial and industrial functions in the city

Question 23

Meaning of post war housing estates

Answer 23

the radical elements of design were abandoned, but also some of the essential parts regarding the provision of facilities at level demanded by the density created

Question 24

What are the renewal programs

Answer 24

In west europe and US the development of large housese after WW2 formed a part of government-led urban renewal programs

Question 25

For what are the renewal programs

Answer 25

They aim to clear away dilapidated neighborhoods and replace them with new housing blocks in the process of slum clearance

Question 26

Was the renewal program a succes

Answer 26

No it was not, It led in most cases in ghettoizations

Question 27

What is urban planning

Answer 27

This is an intergral professionql practice for systematically solving urban problems and efficiently using urban space

Question 28

What is project for public spaces

Answer 28

together with William white, jane jacobs had influence on the placemnet movement

Question 29

What did jane jacobs do with Jan Gehl?

Answer 29

widespread implementation of urban design principles on the human scale

Question 30

What happend when deindustrialization in addition to suburbanization

Answer 30

Further hollowed out urban cores. Cities that depended heavily on their manufacturing suffered the most as these old industries moved abroad

Question 31

Toward what steer planners the attention now

Answer 31

Economic development and attracting people and jobs

Question 32

What does the speed of global interconnectedness impacts?

Answer 32

Pretty much everything in cities from everyday life to logistics, security and government

Question 33

Environmental urbanization challenges

Answer 33

Resource depletion, Excessive water generation, Pollution/ CO2 emissions

Question 34

Social urbanization challenges

Answer 34

Inactive lifestyles, Social disengagement, loneliness

Question 35

Economic urbanization challenges

Answer 35

Segregation, Wealth inequality, economic stagnation

Question 36

What did The habitat conferences do for urbanization?

Answer 36

They put it on the global agenda and came up with ambitions goals to be tackled at global level

Question 37

Criticism of smart urbanization

Answer 37

Does not address uneven development, disempowers and marginalizes citizens without digital skills

Question 38

to what are preoccupations with justice tied to?

Answer 38

Growing inequalities within cities, between cities and between the global north and south -> uneven development

Question 39

What are the largest consumers of materials, land and energy

Answer 39

Cities

Question 40

What do cities present us with?

Answer 40

Opportunity to engage in sustainability transitions i n a concreted way

Question 41

Examples of a sustainable neighborhood redevelopment

Answer 41

Focus of urban metabolisms and their circularity, Sustainable mobility, Green structures, low energy buildings

Question 42

characteristics of a 15 min city

Answer 42

Accessibility, walkability, density, land use mix and design diversity

Question 43

Planning ideas for the 21st century

Answer 43

Compact city design, Diversity and human scale, walkability, microclimatic concerns, carbon footprint, biodiversity

Question 44

Planning ideas for the 21st century

Answer 44

Compact city design, Diversity and human scale, walkability, microclimatic concerns, carbon footprint, biodiversity