Week 2 Flashcards
Physiological and molecular characteristics (20 cards)
Utilisation of carbon sources
-Ability to ferment certain carbohydrates
-ability to use certain carbon compounds aerobically
-oxygen relations
Obligate aerobe
Needs O2
Obligate anaerobe
No O2
Facultative anaerobe
Likes O2 but doesnt need it
Microaerophillic
Need little O2 (certain concentration)
Aerotolerant
Doesn’t matter
Fermentation products
Acid production
Luminescence
Ability to produce light can characterise certain microbes
Motility
How it moves through agar
Sensitivity to metabolic inhibitors and antibiotics
different bacteria sensitive to diff antibiotics
Osmotic tolerance
Sensitive to salt
Nucleic acid base composition
-GC can be determined from the melting temp
-more GC= higher Tm
-many bacteria genera characterised by GC con.
-GC differ by more than 10%=different genomes
Nucleic acid hybridisation
DNA breaks when heated, when cooled it renatures.
quicker renature=same organism.
70% homology and less than 5% in Tm=same species
Nucleic acid sequencing
gene sequences can be used to determine relationships among microbes
What kind of bonds do eukarya and bacteria have
ester bonds
What kind of bonds do archaea have
ether bonds
Bergeys first edition
primarily phenetic-mostly cell wall characteristics
Characteristics of gram negative bacteria
-thin peptido layer
-spherical/oval/have sheaths or capsule
-reproduce by binary fission/budding
-motile or not
-produce appendages
-cant form endospore
-red
Characteristics of gram positive bacteria
-THICC peptido
-purple
-spheres/rods/filaments
-reproduce by binary fission or tip extension
-mostly non motile
-some form endospores
Bergeys second edition
-largely phylogenetic
