Week 3b Flashcards
Archae
Cell wall of archaea
Resistant to lysozyme and penicillin
Gram positive archaea
Methanobacterium and other methanogens-pseudomurein
methanosarcina and halococcus-complex polysaccharides
Gram negative archea
Layer of glycoprotein
Cell membranes
Branched carbs bound to glycerol by ether bonds
Polar lipids in the membrane
Phospholipids, sulpholipids, glycolipids
Non-polar lipids in the membrane
7-30% are usually derivatives of squalene
What kind of archaeal membrane is more stable
Lipid monolayer
Metabolism
-mostly carb metabolism
-Glucose broken down by a modified Embden-Meyerhof pathway
Gluconeogenesis
-all archaea can oxidise pyruvate to acetyl CoA
Three phyla of archaea
-Thaumarchaeota
-Euryarchaeota
-Crenarchaeota
Which lipid occur in archaeal membranes?
ether-linked, branched isoprene derivatives
Archaea that play an important role in the nitrogen cycle within soil environments are?
Thaumarchaeota
The reductive acetyl CoA path enables some methanogens to ______.
utilize carbon dioxide as carbon source
Members of the genus Sulfolobus _______.
are thermoacidophiles
Coenzyme F420 is a coenzyme characteristic of which type of microbes?
Methanogens
Halobacterium salinarium_______.
produce archaerhodopsin
Thermoplasma _______.
contains histone like proteins
Methanogenic archaea are_____.
obligate anaerobes that produce methane
Crenarchaeota
-Extreme thermophiles
-acidophiles
-depend on sulfur
-sulfur is the electron acceptor
-mostly strict anaerobes
Pyrodictium
extreme thermophiles
hydrothermal vents in the sea bed
Sulpholobus
Gram neg aerobic
grow lithotrophically on sulfur granules
Thermoproteus
long, thin, rod
strict anaerobe
organotroph
Euryarchaeota
Diverse group consisting of methanogens, halobacteria, thermoplasm and thermococci
Methanogenes
strict anaerobes which obtain energy through the conversion of CO2 H2 etc.
