Week 4

Question 1

Deinococcus

Answer 1

-aerobe
-rod or cocci
-very resistant to dessication and irradiation

Question 2

How do deinococcus withstand radiation

Answer 2

-splice damaged chromosomes, using enzymes that are protected against radiation by high levels of manganese

Question 3

Green sulfur bacteria

Answer 3

-diverse metabolism
-primary producers
-use sulfur granules and generate H2S or H2 as electron donors
-anoxygenic

Question 4

Chlorosomes

Answer 4

Elongated, intramembranous vesicles containing bacteriochlorophylls

Question 4

Where does photosynthesis take place in green sulfur bacteria

Answer 4

Chlorosomes

Question 5

Bacteriochlorophylls

Answer 5

Light harvesting pigments

Question 6

Cyanobacteria

Answer 6

-pivotal role in global fixation
-in polluted water bodies
-oxygenic photosynthesis

Question 7

Where does photosynthesis occur in cyanobacteria

Answer 7

Phycobilisomes

Question 8

What is a Phycobilisomes

Answer 8

Particles on the thylakoid membrane that conatin photosynthetic pigments-chlorophyll a and phycobiliproteins

Question 9

What part of the Winogradsky column does cyanobacteria occur

Answer 9

Aerobic zone

Question 10

What part of the Winogradsky column does green sulfur bacteria occur

Answer 10

Anaerobic zone

Question 11

Planctomycetes

Answer 11

-compartmentalised cells
-no peptidoglycan in the cell wall
-internal component separated by intracytoplasmic membrane

Question 12

Which group cant form pure cultures

Answer 12

Planctomycetes-they cannot grow alone- specifically Candidatus Brocade anammoxidans

Question 13

Paryphoplasm

Answer 13

peripheral ribosome free region

Question 14

Candidatus Brocade anammoxidans

Answer 14

-has an anamoxosome
-oldest bacteria
-anamoxosome is membrane bound

Question 15

What is an anamoxosome

Answer 15

Site of energy yielding using anammox rxn
-energy from oxidiation of ammonium

Question 16

what is the final acceptor in anammox rxn

Answer 16

nitrite

Question 17

what is the electron donor in anammox rxn

Answer 17

ammonium

Question 18

Spirochaetes

Answer 18

-gram. neg
-chemoheterotroph

Question 19

which group has an axial filament and what is its purpose

Answer 19

Spirochaetes, makes movement through very viscous solutions or over solid surfaces possible

Question 20

Where do spirochaetes get energy and carbon sources from

Answer 20

Carbs, amino acids, long chain fatty acids and alcohols

Question 21

Treponema pallidium

Answer 21

syphillis

Question 22

The enzyme that
catalyzes this biological nitrogen fixation

Answer 22

nitrogenase

Question 23

Some anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria use __________ as their electron source.

Answer 23

Hydrogen

Question 24

If cyanobacteria occur together with Nitrobacter in the same biofilm _______.

Answer 24

the cyanobacteria will be able to provide the terminal electron acceptor for the electron transport chain of Nitrobacter

Question 25

Green sulfur bacteria are

Answer 25

known to conduct anoxygenic photosynthesis.

Question 26

Inside which bacteria you would find chlorosomes?

Answer 26

green sulfur bacteria

Question 27

Cyanobacteria form __________, rows of bacterial cells that are in close contact with one another over a large area.

Answer 27

trichromes

Question 28

Cyanobacteria are

Answer 28

known to conduct oxygenic photosynthesis.

Question 29

Nitrogenase ……..

Answer 29

occurs in heterocysts with thick cell walls.

Question 30

Deinococcus radiodurans can survive radiation because _____.

Answer 30

its proteins are resistant to radiation

Question 31

Nitrosomonas species and members of Thaumarchaeota ________.

Answer 31

all produce hydroxylamine oxidoreductase

Question 32

Purple non-sulfur bacteria

Answer 32

in mud, dams, ocenas Fish probiotics

Question 33

Rickettsia

Answer 33

-Gram neg -no flagella -intracellular parasites

Question 34

How do rickettsia infect hosts

Answer 34

-enter by phagocytosis -phagocytised by blood cells but escapes and reproduces -host cell bursts and release bacteria

Question 35

Rhizobiaceae

Answer 35

-motile rods -grow symbiotically within root nodules

Question 36

Which oxidises ammonium to nitrite

Answer 36

Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, Nitrosospira

Question 37

which oxidises nitrite to nitrate

Answer 37

Nitrobacter, Nitrococcus