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KN 230 + 232 > week 2 > Flashcards

week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

synthesis, transport, and storage of different lipids, carbohydrate metabolism, detoxification of drugs, alcohol and poisons

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2
Q

cytosol

A

intercellular fluid, viscous, syruplike fluid medium with dissolved solutes

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3
Q

rough endoplasmic reticulum

A

serves as a point of attachment for ribosomes, synthesis of proteins for secretion, modifies proteins

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4
Q

centrioles

A

participates in the separation of chromosome pairs or sister chromatids during cell division

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5
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

modifies, packages and sorts proteins that are made by the rough endoplasmic reticulum

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6
Q

cytoplasm

A

all cellular contents between plasma membrane and nucleus. Includes cytosol, organelles, and inclusions

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7
Q

plasma membrane

A

forms outer limiting barrier separating internal contents from external environment, regulates movement inside and out of the cell. contains phospholipids, cholesterol, and glycolipids

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8
Q

mitchondria

A

powerhouse of the cell, engages on aerobic cellular respiration

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9
Q

nucleus

A

largest structure in cell, enclosed by a nuclear envelope, houses DNA

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10
Q

nuclear pores

A

open passageways formed from proteins that extend through the nuclear envelope, serve to allow passage in and out of the nucleus

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11
Q

ribosomes

A

contains protein and RNA, arranged into a large and small subunit. can be found bound or free

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12
Q

nuclear envelope

A

separates cytoplasm from nucleoplasm

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13
Q

chromatin

A

genetic material of the nucleus in a nondividing cell

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14
Q

nucleolus

A

spherical body within the nucleus where subunits of RIBOSOMES ARE MADE

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15
Q

layers of the epidermis

A

stratum corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale

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16
Q

stratum corneum

A

1st layer: multiple layers of dead keratinocytes that regularly fall off

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17
Q

stratum lucidum

A

2nd layer: present only on soles of the feet, hands, fingers and toes

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18
Q

stratum granulosum

A

3rd layer: presence of dark staining keratohyalin granules which bind cytoskeletal keratin filaments togher

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19
Q

stratum spinosum

A

4th layer: where keratinocytes cease cell division towards the top

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20
Q

stratum basale

A

5th layer: keratinocyte stem cells that replenish the cells at the surface

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21
Q

dermis

A

2nd layer of skin, made of the papillary layer and reticular layer, made of mostly fibrous connective tissue

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22
Q

papillary layer

A

areolar connective tissue w/ collagen and elastic fibers and blood cells

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23
Q

epidermis

A

made of epithelial tissue

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24
Q

reticular layer

A

makes up most of dermis

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25
hypodermis
layer deep to skin, NOT a part of the skin. mainly adipose tissue
26
Tactile (Meissner) Corpuscle
touch receptors
27
Lamellated (Pacinian) Corpuscle
pressure receptors
28
apocrine sweat gland
body odor sweat, thicker sweat, begin functioning at puberty, axillary regions
29
merocrine(eccrine) sweat gland
most numerous sweat gland
30
types of epithelial tissue
simple cuboidal epithelium, keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, stratified cuboidal epithelium, and pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
31
simple cuboidal epithelium description
single layer of cells that are square like, nucleus looks like a circle
32
simple cuboidal epithelium function
absorption and secretion, forms secretory tissue of most glands
33
simple cuboidal epithelium location
lining of kidney, thyroid gland follicles, surface of the ovary
34
keratinized stratified squamous epithelium description
mutiple cell layers, lacks a nucleus and organelles that are filled with keratin, dead
35
keratinized stratified squamous epithelium function
protection of underlying tissue from abrasion
36
keratinized stratified squamous epithelium location
epidermis of skin
37
stratified cuboidal epithelium description
two or more layers of cells that are squarish shaped
38
stratified cuboidal epithelium function
protection and secretion
39
stratified cuboidal epithelium location
ducts of most exocrine glands and ovarian follicles
40
Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium description
single layer of cells at differing heights, (looks funky)
41
Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium function
secretes substances, mainly mucus, propulsion of mucus by ciliary action
42
Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium location
trachea and most of upper respiratory tract
43
dense regular connective tissue description
mainly collagen fibers, with dye its like one consistent color wavy
44
dense regular connective tissue function
provides strong attatchment between various structures
45
dense regular connective tissue location
forms tendons, ligaments and aponeuroses (attach muscle to bone, bone to bone and etc.)
46
Dense Irregular Connective Tissue description
all over the place, tightly packed woven meshes The collagen fibers are not living they are protein structures secreted by the fibroblasts)
47
Dense Irregular Connective Tissue function
pulling strength in many directions is durable
48
Dense Irregular Connective Tissue location
reticular layers of the dermis, epimysium covering skeletal msucles, covering bones
49
Compact Bone Tissue description
hard calcfied, looks like it radiates out
50
Compact Bone Tissue function
supports and protects , levers for msucles, makeing blood hemtopeisis
51
Compact Bone Tissue location
bones.
52
blood description
blood plasma and red, white and platelets type of connective tissue
53
blood function
transport and storage
54
blood location
within blood vessels
55
Cardiac Muscle description
branching striated, blocky looking, rectangular
56
Cardiac Muscle function
propels blood, involuntary
57
Cardiac Muscle location
walls of heart
58
skeletal muscle description
long cylindrical fibers voluntary
59
skeletal msucle function
motion posture, heat production and protection
60
skeletal msucle location
attatched to bones by tendons
61
smooth muscle description
smooth version of cardiac muscle
62
smooth msucle function
propels substance or obejcts along passsageways involunary
63
smooth msucle location
walls of hollow organs

KN 230 + 232 (8 decks)

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