Week 2 Flashcards
(18 cards)
OSI Reference Model definition:
OSI Reference Model (Open Systems Interconnection Model) is a way to understand how data moves through a network, like the internet. It breaks down the process into 7 simple layers, each with a specific job.
Why OSI Model?
-Facilitates communication between different systems by providing a common framework
-Helps in understanding network functions and interactions layer by layer.
OSI Model Layers:
1.Physical Layer: Deals with physical connections and transmission of raw data bits.
2.Data Link Layer:
Makes sure the data travels safely across the physical link.
3.Network Layer: Finds the best path to send the data to the right destination.
4.Transport Layer: Breaks big data into smaller pieces and makes sure they arrive safely and in order.
5.Session Layer:Opens, uses, and closes connections between two computers.
6.Presentation Layer: Prepares or translates the data so that the application can understand it.
7.Application Layer:Interacts with the user and software directly.
Key Components of Internetworking:
*Routers: Devices that intelligently route data between networks.
*Switches: Connect devices within a network for efficient communication.
*Gateways: Bridges between different types of networks, facilitating data translation
Configuration of Network Router (step by step):
1.Connect to the Router
2.Access the Router’s Web Interface
3.Login to the Router
4.Navigate to Basic Settings
5.Set Up Internet Connection
6.Configure Wireless Settings
7.Change Router Password
8.Enable Firewall and Security Features
9.Update Firmware
10.Save Settings
Network Switch definition:
A network switch is a device that connects multiple computers or devices in a local network (like in an office or home) and lets them talk to each other.
Router definition:
A router is a device that connects different networks together — most commonly, it connects your home or office network to the internet.
Configuration of Network Switch (step by step):
1.Connect to the Switch
2.Access the Switch’s Web Interface
3.Login to the Switch
4.Navigate to Basic Settings
5.Configure IP Address (if applicable)
6.Set the Hostname (if applicable)
7.Enable VLANs (if needed)
8.Configure Port Settings
9.Quality of Service (QoS) Configuration (if applicable)
10.Security Configuration
11.Save Configuration
12.Update Firmware (if needed)
Network Gateway definition:
A network gateway is a device that connects two different networks and helps them communicate — for example, your home network and the internet.
Configuration of Network Gateway (step by step):
1.Connect to the Gateway
2.Access the Gateway’s Web Interface
3.Login to the Gateway
4.Navigate to WAN (Wide Area Network) Settings
5.Select Connection Type
6.Enter ISP Configuration Details
7.Configure LAN (Local Area Network) Settings
8.Set Up DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
9.Wireless Configuration (if applicable)
10.Security Configuration
11.Update Firmware
12.Save and Apply Changes
Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) def:
A VLAN is like creating separate mini-networks inside a bigger physical network — without needing extra cables or hardware.
Benefits of VLAN:
-Better Security
-Reduced Network Traffic
-Easier Management
-More Flexibility
-Cost-Effective
Most Common Internetworking Protocols:
-TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): Ensures reliable, connection-oriented communication.
-IP (Internet Protocol): Manages addressing and routing in the network.
-UDP (User Datagram Protocol): Provides fast, connectionless communication.
Challenges in Internetworking?
-Scalability: Handling the growth of networks and increasing demand.
-Security: Safeguarding data from unauthorized access and cyber threats.
-Interoperability: Ensuring seamless communication between diverse devices and platforms.
-DDoS attack
-Malware
Solutions and Technologies?
-Virtual Private Networks (VPNs): Securely connect remote networks.
-IPv6 Adoption: Mitigating the limitations of IPv4 and ensuring address availability.
-Quality of Service (QoS): Prioritizing network traffic for optimal performance.
Future Trends in Internetworking?
-5G Technology: Revolutionizing network speed and connectivity.
-Edge Computing: Bringing computational power closer to data sources.
-Blockchain in Networking: Enhancing security and transparency.
-Cloud Computing
-IoT (Internet of Things)
Why is IOT (Internet of Things) Important for Business?
-Improved efficiency
-Data-Driven Decision-Making
-Cost savings
-Enhanced customer experience
What is Intranet?
An intranet is a private network that is used within an organization (like a company, school, or office). It’s similar to the internet but is only accessible to people within the organization.
