Week 2 notes

Question 1

What is hematopoiesis?

Answer 1

production of blood cells and platelets

Question 2

Whole blood is composed of?

Answer 2

plasma, RBC’s, WBC’s and platelets

Question 3

WBC Agranulocytes

Answer 3

Lymphocytes and monocytes

Question 4

WBC granulocytes

Answer 4

Neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils

Question 5

Where does hematopoietic activity occur in adults and prenatals?

Answer 5

Adults: primarily red bone marrow, but under stress the liver and spleen
Prenatal: liver, spleen, thymus, and red bone marrow

Question 6

What are the stages in order of RBC development?

Answer 6

rubriblast, prorubricyte, rubricyte, metarubricyte, reticulocyte, erythrocyte.

Question 7

What is the maturation process of thrombocytes?

Answer 7

megakaryoblast, promegakaryocyte, megakaryocyte, platelets/thrombocytes

Question 8

What is the maturation process for granulocytes?

Answer 8

myeloblast, promyelocyte, myelocyte, metamyelocyte, band cell, granulocyte

Question 9

What is the maturation process for monocytes?

Answer 9

monoblast, promonoblast, monocytes

Question 10

what is the maturation process for lymphocytes?

Answer 10

lymphoblast, prolymphocyte, lymphocyte

Question 11

What is plasma?

Answer 11

fluid portion of whole blood

Question 12

what is serum?

Answer 12

plasma without fibrinogen

Question 13

what is polycythemia?

Answer 13

increased number of RBC’s

Question 14

CBC consists of?

Answer 14

total RBC count, PCV, PPC, total WBC count, blood film examination, reticulocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, erythrocyte indices

Question 15

what is PCV?

Answer 15

packed cell volume: percentage of whole blood that is composed of RBC’s

Question 16

What are the 5 plasma colors and what do they indicate?

Answer 16

clear to pale- normal
cloudy to white- lipemia
red- hemolysis
yellow- icterus

Question 17

what is MCV?

Answer 17

mean corpuscular volume- average size of RBC’s

Question 18

How do you calculate MCV?

Answer 18

PCV / RBC concentration X 10

Femto liter

Question 19

What is MCH?

Answer 19

mean corpuscular hemoglobin

Question 20

How do you calculate MCH?

Answer 20

hemoglobin concentration / RBC concentration X 10

pg- pikograms

Question 21

What is MCHC?

Answer 21

mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration

Question 22

How do you calculate MCHC?

Answer 22

hemoglobin con. / PCV X 100

G/dL

Question 23

What is a differential cell count?

Answer 23

a minimum of 100 WBC’s are counted, identified, and recorded

Question 24

How do you get absolute values?

Answer 24

total WBC count X % of type of cell

Question 25

what do neutrophils look like?

Answer 25

nucleus is irregular and elongated with 3-5 nuclear lobes, may not see cell membrane

Question 26

what do Eosinophils look like?

Answer 26

contain a nucleus similar to neutrophils, shape and size vary within species.

Question 27

what do basophils look like?

Answer 27

Nuclei similar to monocytes, granules stain purple to black in dogs, stain bright lavender in cats

Question 28

what do lymphocytes look like?

Answer 28

variety of sizes, small: slightly indented nuclei and bluish cytoplasm, medium to large: may have few pink granules in cytoplasm

Question 29

What do monocytes look like?

Answer 29

largest WBC, cytoplasm is bluish-gray, may have vacuoles, or few small fine pink granules

Question 30

What do RBC's look like in dogs, cats, exotics, and camelids?

Answer 30

dogs- biconcave disk shape cats- round with no central pallor exotics- nucleated camelids- elongated ovals

Question 31

what is the average acceptable # of platelets per oil immersion field?

Answer 31

7-10 or 8-10

Question 32

how do you estimate the # of platelets?

Answer 32

platelets counted X total WBC count

Question 33

what are the 2 methods for quantifying morphologic changes?

Answer 33

``` scale of 1+, 2+, 3+, 4+ 1+/ 5-10% 2+/ 10-25% 3+/ 50% 4+/ more than 75% ``` Slight, moderate, or marked slight- 10% moderate- 25% marked- 50% or more