Week 8 Notes

Question 0

What kind of bacteria can survive in O2 but prefers to not have it

Answer 0

Facultative anaerobes

Question 1

What is a bacterial cell that has no nucleus

Answer 1

Prokaryotic

Question 2

What kind of bacteria survives in low levels of O2

Answer 2

Microaerophilic

Question 3

What kind of bacteria requires CO2

Answer 3

Capnophilic

Question 4

What is the pH requirement

Answer 4

6.5 - 7.5

Question 5

What bacteria has strict growth and nutrient requirements

Answer 5

Fastidious microbes

Question 6

What type of bacteria survives in temps between 20 & 40 degrees C

Answer 6

Mesophiles

Question 7

What type of bacteria lives in temps lower than 20 degrees C

Answer 7

Psychrophiles

Question 8

What type of bacteria lives in temps over 40 degrees C

Answer 8

Thermophiles

Question 9

What are the three bacterial cell shapes

Answer 9

Rods (bacilli)
Dots (cocci)
Spiral (spirochetes)

Question 10

What are the 4 stages of bacterial growth

Answer 10

Initial (lag)
Exponential (reproduction stage)
Stationary (established population)
Final (death)

Question 11

What type of fungi process CO2 for nutrition

Answer 11

Heterotrophs

Question 12

What type of fungi are decomposers of dead tissue

Answer 12

Saprophytic

Question 13

What type of fungi are mushroom or club shaped

Answer 13

Basidiomycetes

Question 14

What type of fungi are cup shaped

Answer 14

Ascomycetes

Question 15

What type of fungi are molds or fuzzy

Answer 15

Zygomycetes

Question 16

What type of fungi have no identifiable sexual stage

Answer 16

Dueteromycetes

Question 17

What are the two culture medians and what are their bases

Answer 17

Agar (algae base)

Gelatin (gell base)

Question 18

What are the 6 general types of media

Answer 18

Transport 
General purpose 
Enriched 
Selective
Differential
Enrichment

Question 19

T/F more than one type of media can be used together

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Describe transport media

Answer 20

Keeps alive, but no growth

Question 21

Describe enriched media

Answer 21

Requires certain things to grow (ex. Nutrition, O2, CO2)

Question 22

Describe selective media

Answer 22

Only grows what is desired

Question 23

Describe differential media

Answer 23

Allows bacteria to grow up in levels

Question 24

Describe enrichment media

Answer 24

There to help certain types of bacteria to grow

Question 25

Describe blood agar

Answer 25

Most common | Enrichment and differential media

Question 26

Describe macconkey / eosin-methylene blue agar

Answer 26

Selective and differential | Suppresses gram positive bacteria

Question 27

What medium is used to culture anaerobic bacteria

Answer 27

Thioglycollate broth

Question 28

What does the sabouraud dextrose media culture

Answer 28

Fungi and yeast

Question 29

What are the various collection methods

Answer 29

Aspiration Swabbing Imprint

Question 30

What can you aspirate

Answer 30

Hollow organs | External lesions

Question 31

What goes on a specimen label

Answer 31

``` History Owners name Clinic name Address and phone # Signalment Duration of problem Major signs DDx Organism suspected Treatment given Investigation required ```

Question 32

What are the 4 steps to gram staining

Answer 32

Primary stain Mordant Decolorizer Counterstain

Question 33

What is the difference between gram stain and Ziehl-neelson stain

Answer 33

Gram - detects positive or negative bacteria Ziehl - detects acid fast organisms

Question 34

What are two acid fast organism species

Answer 34

Mycobacterium and Nocardia

Question 35

Is culturing recommended in clinics

Answer 35

No Due to dangerous bacterial/fungal agents

Question 36

What is MIC What does it tell us

Answer 36

Minimum inhibitory concentration Determines the smallest effective dose

Question 37

What is the difference between indirect and direct sensitivity testing

Answer 37

Indirect- requires the colony culture to be subcultures in a broth media Direct- sample is used directly

Question 38

How do you do a colony count

Answer 38

Count colonies and multiply by 100 and it gives you the colony forming unit (CFU) Colony count (100) = CFU

Question 39

What is a presumptive identification

Answer 39

Gives enough info to develop a treatment plan

Question 40

What is the California mastitis test

Answer 40

Determines presence of infected milk

Question 41

What is mycology

Answer 41

Study of fungus

Question 42

What are the most common dermatophytes

Answer 42

M. canis M. gypseum T. Mentagrophytes

Question 43

What are the most commonly cultured fungi

Answer 43

Blastomyces | Histoplasma app

Question 44

What organism must be reported to a regulatory agency

Answer 44

Bacillus anthrasis