Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PY1105 - Intro to Neurorehabilitation > Week 2 (parts 1 and 2) > Flashcards

Week 2 (parts 1 and 2) Flashcards

(56 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what makes up the CNS

A

brain + spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

what forms the CNS

A

collection of bundles of axons (nerve cells) and clusters of nerve cell bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is a ganglion

A

collection of cell bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is a Fasciculus

A

Cluster of axons forming a recognisable bundle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the Funiculus

A

Bundle of Axons forming a raised bump on the surface of the CNS (especially in the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is a tract

A

cluster of axons with similar functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the nucleus

A

cluster of cell bodies with similar functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

which 4 large sections can the brain be divided in

A
  • Brainstem
  • Diencephalon
  • Cerebellum
  • Cerebral Hemispheres or Cerebrum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does the brainstem link

A

cerebrum and the spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what does the brainstem comprise of

A

Medulla, midbrain and the pons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what functions does the brainstem control

A

breathing, heart rate and level of consciousness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the Diencephalon composed of

A

Thalamus, Hypothalamus and Epithalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does the Diencephalon play a role in

A

the intergration of sensory information and the interpretation of pain (some role with hormone release)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the cerebellum involved in

A

maintaining balance and control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what matter is the Cerebrum made out of

A

Grey Matter, deeper groups of white matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are sulci

A

grooves in the cerebral cortex (separate the gyri)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the lobes of the brain

A

Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, Temporal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

where is the frontal lobe located and what is it responsible for

A

at the front, its responsible some aspects of movement, behaviour, emotion and higher executive function, expressive speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

where is the Parietal lobe located and what is it responsible for

A

Behind the frontal lobe, its responsible for language, sensation, perception of space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

where is the occipital lobe located and what is it responsible for

A

located at the back, responsible for vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

where is the temporal lobe located and what is it responsible for

A

located at the sides, responsible for hearing, expressive speech and memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the primary motor cortex responsible for

A

actual execution of movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the premotor cortex responsible for

Study These Flashcards
A

preparation of sensory triggered movement and guiding complete behavioural acts

23
Q

what is the role of the Supplementary motor area

Study These Flashcards
A

Involved in preparation of self-initiated movement

24
what is the somatosensory cortex involved in
it is involved in the complex processing of sensory information
25
roughly how long is the spinal cord
roughly 45cm long
26
where does the spinal cord terminate
approx T12
27
do the sensory tracts in the spinal cord ascend or descend
ascend
28
do the motor tracts ascend or descend the nervous system
descend
29
what is the function of the PNS
carries sensory information to your brain, carries information from your brain to your muscles and organs, allows both conscious and unconscious bodily functions to take place
30
what are the key anatomical features of a Peripheral Nerve
Epineural Sheath, Epineurium, Perineurium, Endoneurium
31
what are the key anatomical features of a motor neuron
dendrites, cell body, nucleus, myelin sheath, node of ranvier, schwann cells, axon terminal
32
what are the key anatomical features of the spinal cord and vertebra
spinous process of verterbra, fat in epidural space, subarachnoid space, spinal cord, denticulate ligament, posterior root ganglion, spinal nerve, vertebral body, meninges (Dura mater (dural sheath), Arachnoid mater, Pla mater)
33
WEEK 2 pt2
Neuro Objective Assessment
34
what are the principles of a neuro objective assessment
Health condition, activity, participation, body functions and structure, personal factors, environmental factors
35
What might influence the objective assessment of a patient with a neurological disease of injury?
* Setting - Inpatient v outpatient * Fatigue * Pain * Level of consciousness * CVR instability/stability * Cognition * Behaviour * Communication
36
what different elements are there to be tested during an objective assessment/ affect an objective assessment
Observe, AROM, PROM, Tone, Sensation, Proprioception, coordination, power/ strength, bed mobility, balance, balance control, Gait, Vision, hearing, speech and swallow, mood, cognition
37
what are you looking at/ for while observing a patient
position, posture, drips, drains, lines, monitoring
38
what is AROM
Can the patient move all their joints actively through full range of movement – if not, why not?
39
what is PROM
does the patient have full passive ROM at all joints? if not, why?
40
what is tone
the internal state of muscle-fibre tension within individual muscles and muscle groups, It is the normal resting state of the muscles, * Tone can increase over time and the patient presents with spasticity which can lead to pain, loss of function and contracture as well as interfering with return of active movement
41
how can tone present
Clonus, Spasm, Spasticity, Tone, Hypertonia, Rigidity
42
what different types of sensation are there/ can we test
light touch, pressure, sharp/ blunt, Hot/cold, 2-point discrimination
43
how do we test proprioception
mirroring, joint position sense
44
what are the coordination tests
heel-shin, finger-nose, disdiachokinesia (DDK)
45
how do we test strength, power
* Test all four limbs for strength – be joint specific in required * Check grip strength * Use Oxford Scale if appropriate
46
functional assessments
bed mobility, balance, balance control
47
what are the bed mobility assessments
rolling, lie to sit and sit too lie, transfers
48
what types of balance need to be functionally assessed
sitting balance, standing balance, visuospatial issues - push and neglect
49
what are the different elements of balance control
* Anticipatory Postural Adjustments * Predictive control of balance * Predictive contraction of muscles to resist whole body movement * Postural Adjustments * Ankle strategy * Hip strategy * Stepping mechanism
50
how is balance assessed
* Berg balance test * Tinetti * Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) * Sitting or standing: * Reaching * Small base of support * Eyes closed * Standing – tandem, one foot
51
what are you looking for while assessing gait
* Walking aids * Pattern * Safety * Assistance * Speed and distance * Stairs
52
what are upper limb functional tests
button undoing, writing
53
what are other aspects to assess in a neurological patient
* Vision * Diplopia – oculomotor deficits and smooth pursuit * Field loss/hemianopia * Neglect * Hearing * Do they usually wear hearing aids? * Speech and swallow
54
what are you mentally assessing about a patients mood
* Appropriate? * Disinhibited * Withdrawn * Formal screens – HADS, DISCS, PHQ9 and GAD7
55
what is cognition
* Orientation – person, place, time and situation * Ability to follow commands – one stage, two stage, three stage * Basic object recognition and use * Ability to give an accurate history * Memory and attention * Formal screens – MOCA, MMSE, Oxford cognitive screen, CAMS, etc, etc.

PY1105 - Intro to Neurorehabilitation (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions