Week 3 Flashcards
(9 cards)
What is stabilising selection?
Adjusting reproduction rates (Amount of offspring while maintaining genetic variation) to stabilise a population.
What is Disruptive selection?
Changes in the environment resulting in changes to the species phenotypes.
What is Directional selection?
Interbreeding between to different phenotypes that result in a phenotype better suited for that environment.
Summarise 5 main points of evidence that biological evolution occurs
Biogeography-(unique organisms) Comparative Embryology Comparative Anatomy Molecular Biology-(Hereditary DNA) Domesticated Plants/Animals
What are some benefits of classifying organisms based on evolutionary relationships?
Clear display of evolutionary ancestors, while making it easier to communicate about specific organisms.
What is the difference between Homologous and Analogous characteristics.
Homologous have similar structures that can be found in common ancestors however, they don’t need to perform the same function.
Analogous structures can be found in multiple organisms EG insects, birds, and bats ability to fly, with no close common ancestors.
What is the difference between classification and a Key.
A key may be used as an aid to place an organisms in to classification, however not the other way around.
Name the 3 domains with brief description.
Archaea - Ancient single celled bacteria.
Bacteria - Single celled organisms that don’t fall into Archaea.
Eukarya - All multicellular organisms that contain membrane bound organelles and nuclei.
Name the 6 kingdoms with a brief description.
Archaebacteria - extremafile single celled organisms
Eubacteria - single celled Bactria
Fungi - multicellular (mold, mildews, yeast)
Protozoa - more complex single celled bacteria
Plantae - Autotrophic multicellular organisms (flowering plants, mosses)
Animalia - Complex multicellular organisms, normally heterotrophs.
