Flashcards in Week 3: blood supply of the CNS Deck (14)
1
What does the ophthalmic artery supply? Where does it come from?
-structures in the orbit and gives off central artery of the retina
-first intracranial branch of the ICA
2
What does the anterior choroidal artery supply? Where does it arise from?
-supplies: internal structures of cerebral hemispheres, including lower 2/3 posterior limb of internal capsule, globes pallid us, uncut, amygdala, ant. hippocampus, and choroid plexus of the lateral ventricles
-from ICA at base of the brain
3
What does the posterior communication artery connect with? Where does it arise?
-connects with PCA
-arises medial to anterior choroidal artery from ICA
-has important relationship to CN III
4
What does the middle cerebral artery (MCA) supply? Where does it arise? How does a lacunar infarction occur?
Enters lateral sulcus
-lateral lenticulostirate: small vessels from MCA that supply basal ganglia and posterior limb of internal capsule
-cortical branches over insula that are distributed to cortex on dorsolateral surface: supplies dorsolateral surface including upper limb and face areas of primary motor and sensory cortex, Broca's and Wernicke's area
-lacunar infarction: lenticulostriate arteries prone to narrowing, leads to infarct or rupture, causing intracerebral hemorrhage
5
What is the course of the anterior cerebral artery? What does it supply?
-turns medially and enters longitudinal fissure between frontal lobes to medial surface
-recurrent branch of Heubner: vessel from initial part-forms medial lenticulostriate arteries-->supply ant part of basal ganglia and lower internal capsule
-cortical branches over medial surface: lower limb areas of primary motor and sensory cortex
6
Where does the posterior inferior cerebellar artery arise? What does it supply?
-arise from vertebral artery close to pontomedullary junction.
-supplies inferior cerebellar hemisphere, lateral medulla, inferior vermis, lateral medllula and choroid plexus of fourth ventricle
7
Where does the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) arise? what does it supply?
-arises close to junction of two vertebral arteries, on anterior part of inferior surface of the cerebellum
-supplies anterior part of cerebellar hemisphere and the inferior vermis. Also the anterolateral segment of lower pons: middle cerebellar peduncle, trigeminal tract and nuc., STT tract,
8
Where does the pontine arteries arise? What does it supply?
-from basilar artery that penetrates surface of pons to supply mid pons
9
where does the superior cerebellar artery (SCA) arise and what does it supply?
-last branch of basilar artery before it divides into PCA
-supplies superior surface of cerebellar hemispheres and the vermis
-supplies upper pons and parts of midbrain
10
Where does the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) arise and what does it supply?
-arises at pontomesencephalaic junction
-supplies inferior surface of temporal lobe
-gives rise to branches to midbrain, hypothalamus, and thalamus
-paramedian branches: supply oculomotor nut., parts of cerebral peduncle
-->Weber's syndrome from occlusion of PCA
11
Where is CN III found with respect to the vascular supply of the brain?
-betwen PCA and SCA
12
Where does the anterior spinal artery arise? What does it supply?
-verterbral artery gives rise to left and right anterior spinal arteries that combine to form a single median anterior spinal artery
-runs on ventral surface to supplies upper medial medulla and anterior 2/3 of spinal cord
-also gets help from branches from aorta called lateral spinal arteries-->ant and post radicular arteries
13
What is the artery of Adamkiewicz?
-spinal artery on left side from descending aorta from T5-L3 -largest segmental artery
14