Week 4 Thyroid Lecture

Question 1

Closely linked with neurologic and immune systems

Answer 1

Endocrine System

Question 2

Affects most cells, organs, and body functions called

Answer 2

Negative Feedback Mechanism

Question 3

Peptide

Answer 3

Protein act on cell surface

Question 4

Steroid

Answer 4

Act inside the cell

Question 5

Fatty Acid Derivative

Answer 5

Types of hormones

Question 6

Anterior Pituitary

Answer 6

FSH, LH, Prolactin, ACTH, TSH, GH

Question 7

Hyper =

Answer 7

Cushings, gigantism, acromegaly

Question 8

Hypo=

Answer 8

Dwarfism

Question 9

Posterior Pituitary

Answer 9

ADH, Vasopressin, Oxytocin

Question 10

Hyper Posterior

Answer 10

SIADH

Question 11

Hypo Posterior =

Answer 11

DI

Question 12

Surgery

Answer 12

Hypophysectomy
Tumors are 95% benign

Question 13

T3 is …. form

Answer 13

Active Form

Question 14

T4 is …. form

Answer 14

Inactive form

Question 15

Elevated calcium levels cause release of

Answer 15

Calcitonin and increases osteoblast activity

Calcitonin opposes PTH

Question 16

Thyroid Hormones

Answer 16

T3,T4, and calcitonin

Question 17

TSH from the controls the release of thyroid hormone

Answer 17

Anterior Pituitary Gland

Question 18

T3 is more what compared to T4

Answer 18

More potent

Question 19

Thyroid Diagnostic Tests

Answer 19

TSH
Serum free T4
T3 and T4
T4 Resin Uptake
Thyroid Antibodies
Radioactive Iodine Uptake
FIne Needle Biopsy
Thyroid Scan, radioscan, scintiscan
Serum thyroglobulin

Question 20

Thyroid Scintigraphy

Answer 20

Nuclear medicine procedure that displays visible thyroid tissue

Determines location, size and shape and function of thyroid

Question 21

Severely stunted physical and mental growth owing to untreated congenital deficiency of thyroid

Answer 21

Cretinism

Question 22

Thyroiditis

Answer 22

Infection/ inflammation of thyroid

Question 23

Goiter

Answer 23

Abnormally large thyroid- lack of iodine or related to hyperthyroidism

Question 24

Hashimotos Disease

Answer 24

Chronic Lymphocytic thyroiditis

Autoimmune Disease

Question 25

Myxedema

Answer 25

Severe hypothyroidism Used to describe a dermatological change that can occur in hypothyroidism.

Question 26

Hypothyroidism

Answer 26

Hair Loss Apathy Lethargy Dry Skin Aches Constipation Intolerance to cold Brittle Hair and nails

Question 27

Late Clinical Manifestations

Answer 27

Subnormal Temp Bradycardia Weight Gain LOC Thickened Skin Cardiac Complications

Question 28

Myxedema

Answer 28

Lateral eyebrows thin Periorbital Edema Puffy dull face with dry skin

Question 29

Medical Management oh Hypothyroidism

Answer 29

Synthetic Levothyroxine (Synthroid) replacement therapy Levothyroxine- Synthetic for T4 which is converted to T3 Dose is 12.5 to 125 mcg one or more per day depending on pt weight

Question 30

Side Effects

Answer 30

Tachycardia Weight Loss Trouble tolerating Sweating Anxiety Trouble Sleeping

Question 31

Medications that should not be taken with levothyroxine

Answer 31

Amiodarone Antacids Anticonvulsants Beta Blockers Birth Control Pills

Question 32

Support cardiac Function

Answer 32

Due to alteration in myocyte gene expression. Hypothyroidism.

Question 33

Hyperthyroidism

Answer 33

Too much T3 and T4 Common cause of this is Graves Disease Affect women's 8x more than men Nervousness: rapid pulse, heat intolerance, tremors, skin flushed, warm, and soft, and moist, exophthalmos, increased appetite, weight loss, elevated Systolic Bp, Cardiac Dysrhythmias

Question 34

Hyperthyroidism

Answer 34

Intolerance to Heat Bulging Eyes Facial Flushing Enlarged Thyroid Tachycardia Weight Loss Muscle Wasting Tremors Finger Clubbing

Question 35

Propylthiouracil

Answer 35

Thyroperoxidase inhibitor (Antithyroid) Methimazole- Thyroperooxidase inhibitor

Question 36

Long term Steroid Effects

Answer 36

Increased Sugar Weight Gain Risk for Infection

Question 37

Treatment choice for thyroid cancer

Answer 37

Thyroidectomy

Question 38

Preoperative Goals

Answer 38

Reduction of stress and anxiety and prevent thyroid storm

Question 39

Pre Operative Education for Thyroidectomy

Answer 39

Dietary Guidance to meet patient metabolic needs, avoidance of caffeinated beverages and other stimulants, explanation of tests and procedures, and head and neck support after surgery

Question 40

Post Operative Care Thyroidectomy

Answer 40

Monitor respirations, potential airway impairment Monitor bleeding and hematoma Assess Pain Semi Fowlers Position, support head and neck Assess Voice, discourage talking Potential hypocalecemia

Question 42

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