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Health Science 2700 > Week 5 > Flashcards

Week 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Are physical changes in 6-8 year olds impressive

A

They are more difficult to observe directly the physical changes in middle childhoood are just as impressive

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2
Q

How much do 6-8 year olds grow

A

5cm to 8cm in height and 2.75kg each year

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3
Q

What is some other motor development in early childhood

A

Large muscle coordination continues to improve children show increase in strength and speed and hand-eye coordination also gets better

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4
Q

What fine motor skill improve

A

Writting possible as well as drawing cutting and many other skills ( using a pair of scissors)

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5
Q

What may link the improvement in fine motor skills and hand-eye coordination

A

Steady increase in myelinization of neural axons across the cebral cortex with sensory and motor areas affected first

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6
Q

What are some things that increase with the right hemisphere lateralization

A

Spatial perception
L/R
Relative right-left orientation improves (more dominant)
Spatial cognition- males score better than females on spatial orientation (boys early play preferences may enhance this ability)
Visual experience

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7
Q

How many overweight children become overweight adults

A

1/2

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8
Q

What are overweight and obese children more predisposed to

A

Developing type 2 diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular disease later in life

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9
Q

What is the major flaw with BMI

A

Doesn’t take in account athletes they do not apply to everybody
Doesn’t discriminate between muscle and fat

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10
Q

Why do we still use BMI

A

Easy and cheap
For surgery
Acurate 80% of the time

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11
Q

How many children fail to meet the recommended daily duration of PA

A

1/4

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12
Q

How many exceed the sedentary behaviour limit

A

37%

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13
Q

How much screen time or other passive non school related activites should kids this age get

A

no more than 2 hours

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14
Q

What happend to PA during covid

A

You had to physical education on your own time there was a decrease in PA females more than male
Also more screen time males more than females

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15
Q

How many grade difference did covid create

A

3 full grades

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16
Q

Which province had most days remote schooling

A

Ontario

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17
Q

What were some discourse around COVID and families

A

We are all in this together
Social distancing/Physical distancing
Resilience

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18
Q

What are the 7 Cs of resilience

A

Compentence
Confidence
Coping
Control
Character
Connection
Contribution

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19
Q

What is the problem with applying this conceptualization of resilience to school aged children

A

Empathy is hard
Not prioritizing these things
In/out of their control
What are they actually capable of doing as a child
To survive you still need outside things

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20
Q

What were some of the findings of the solar study

A

Resilience on a continuum
Surviving: Fighting back
Persevering: You keep trying
Recovering: keep trying and then we do it
Thriving: working hard

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21
Q

What was it that kids say about the solar study

A

All the kids wanted was to have a friend with the interview

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22
Q

What stage are they at in piaget

A

Concrete operational stage

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23
Q

What is decentration

A

thinking that takes multiple variables into account

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24
Q

What is reversibility

A

Understand that both physical actions and mental operations can be reversed

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25
Q

What is increased inductive or deductive logic

A

Inductive allows the child to go from specific experience to a general principle but deductive logic is still not strong

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26
Q

What is an example of decentration

A

Perspective is everything different people see different things on a picture

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27
Q

What is reversibility

A

Things can change they can be multiple things or reverse back and forth

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28
Q

What are information processing skills

A

Memory function continues to improve and processing efficiency increases steadily with age (ability to make efficient use of short-term memory capacity)

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29
Q

What are executive processes

A

advancement in information processing skills that involves devising and carrying out strategies for remembering and solving problems based on knowing how the mind works

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30
Q

Does executive process improve

A

Yes with the use of common information processing strategies knowing how their mind works

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31
Q

What is reherasal

A

Mental or vocal repetition

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32
Q

What is organization

A

Grouping ideas objects or words into cluster to help rember them ( all animals, ingredients for lasagna) more applical to knowledge you have experince with

33
Q

How dose language look like at this age

A

basic grammar is mastered by 5/6 and pronunciation is native language things they say incorrectly they fix now
Expansion- children learn to maintain the topic of conversation, creating unambiguous sentence and speak politely or persuasively

34
Q

What is pragmatics

A

Language in context

35
Q

What is phonetics

A

Classification of speech

36
Q

What is phonolgy

A

Sounds

37
Q

What is morpholgy

A

Study of words and how they are formed

38
Q

What is syntax

A

study of arrangement of words and phrases

39
Q

What is semantics

A

The meaning and relaionship of words

40
Q

What is the focus of eduacation in the 6-12 age

A

Reading and writing

41
Q

What are some skills that help with reading and writting

A

Phonological awarenesss (you need to be taught)
Learning about meaningful word parts (nouns,verbs,adj

42
Q

What are comprehension strategies for reading and writting

A

Sound-symbol connection
gramaer and wirting techniques

43
Q

What happend during covid with reading

A

They fell behind and its hard to catch them up when it all builds on each other

44
Q

What are the 8 forms of intelligence of gardner

A
  1. Lingusitic
  2. Logical/mathematical
    3.Musical
    4.Spatial
  3. Bodily/kinsethetic ( move in a cordinated way)
  4. Naturalist
  5. Interpersonal
  6. Intrapersonal
45
Q

What are strenbergs 3 components of intelligence

A
  1. Contextual- knowing the right behaviour for a specific situation
  2. Experiental- learning to give specific responses without thinking about them
  3. componential- ability to come up with effective strategies
46
Q

Why is there no agrement on the measurement of intelligence

A

Fluid- problem solving-case studies
Crystalized- accumulation of knowldge

47
Q

Are there difference in Iq for males and females

A

NO

48
Q

How much of a population is Canada will experience a learning problem

A

10%

49
Q

If they struggle when they are young will the struggle when they are older

A

yes

50
Q

Whar is an exceptional child

A

A child who has special learning-needs students with disabilites and gifted students don’t fall in the middle

51
Q

What are program accommodation

A

Adjustments of teaching methods to help the child who has special needs achieve the outcomes of the standard curriculum ( stay interested not drop out)

52
Q

Whats the problem with modified programs and IEPS

A

You cant fall into both and some people dont fall into either

53
Q

What is personality in freud at this age

A

Form emotional bonds with peers (move beyond those with parents)

54
Q

What are some aspects about personality at this age

A

The big five
Stable
Related to competnece also a feeling of compentence

55
Q

What are the big five about personality

A

Openness
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticsim

56
Q

What is openness

A

Degree of intellectual curiousty creativity and a prefrence for novelty

57
Q

What is conscientiousness

A

Tendency to be organized and dependeble

58
Q

What is extraversion

A

Tendency to seek the compant of others and talk

59
Q

What is agreeableness

A

measure of one trusting and helpful nature

60
Q

What is neuroticism

A

Predisopostion to psycological stress

61
Q

What erikson stage are we at

A

Industry vs inferiority develop a sence of your own competence through the mastery of cultrually define learning tasks ( mastery helps them move through this stage)

62
Q

What ushers in industry vs inferiority

A

Ability to plan-executive function (studying, planning,memory)

63
Q

By the end of middle childhood what are the two components of self concept

A
  1. Psychological self
  2. Valued self
64
Q

What is psychological self

A

Understaning one stable internal traits
becomes complex and abstract
development of self efficacy
“ I am kind”
‘ i am helpful”

65
Q

What is valued self

A

global evaluation of ones self worth
you have erroding self-esteem stable in short terms but over periods of several years it is less
Comparing it to there peers see an erosion of self esteem

66
Q

To children understand others better at this age and what else changes in social cognition

A

Yes by theory of mind
descrptions of people from concrete to abstract starts 6/7by focusing on physical features
6/8 inner qualties and traits

67
Q

What is family relationships like at this age

A

rely on their parents pressence support and affections depsite spending less time with them

68
Q

What does having meals together the best predictor of

A

Better academic sucess
Fewer behavioural problems
better psychological adujustement(teen use)
Better nutrtion( in teen years)

69
Q

What are the five stages of friendship

A
  1. momentary physical interaction (play together but like dosent have there back its just easy)
  2. One way assistance ( they do nice things for you bargaing happens and kids will put up with negative behaviour just to have a friend)
  3. Fair weather cooperation (someone who returns a favor worried about fitting in something nice will be done in return)
  4. Inirmate and mutal sharing ( friend is someone you can tell things you wouldnt tell anyone else do nice things just cuz u like them)
  5. Autonomus interdepence ( a friend is omeone who accepts you and that you accept as they are can share friends)
70
Q

What are some problems with bullying

A

No great programs for bullying
Consequences are signifciant
It is a health issue
Mental health issues dont dissaper
Dont see interventions to target bullies parents are desfensice about there kid but also themselves label the child as anything becomes a prophecey they belileve it about themselves

71
Q

Why cant kids just be resilieant with bullying

A

self esteem is shrunk cant just be resliant
Do they have the internal and external resources to be resileant
Enviorment needs to exist to be resilance

72
Q

What are patterns to watch for in aggression

A

Becomes less common learn the cultural rules about when and how much is acceptable to display anger and aggression a
at every age male show more than femials ( cultural thing teach boys to be tougher media and culture)

73
Q

what gender is relational agression more common in

A

it is aimed at damaging anothers elf-esteem or peer realtiionships more coomon in females

74
Q

Does TV violence lead to high amounts of direct physical agreesion in adults of both genders and inderct agression in females

A

Yes

75
Q

What does Tv violence lead to

A

Emotional desentization regarding violecene
A belief that agression is a godo way to solve problems
Reduction is pro social behaviour

76
Q

What should tv be considered as

A

An educational medium psoitve and negative behaviours can be learned

77
Q

What does short term learning look like

A

Diagrams
Models
Pictures
Peers
Analogies
Fun

78
Q

What does long term learning look like

A

Role models
Responsibility
Wanting to become big kids

Health Science 2700 (7 decks)

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