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PSYCH 239- Abnormal Psychology > Week 6 - Anxiety > Flashcards

Week 6 - Anxiety Flashcards

1
Q

What is anxiety as an emotion?

A

Nervousness, unease, restlessness

Physiological arousal

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2
Q

What is anxiety as a disorder?

A

Anxiety which is EXCESSIVE for the circumstances

Rumination and panic

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3
Q

What is the difference between anxiety and fear?

A

Fear = response to immediate/serious threat

Anxiety = more anticipatory, danger may be vague

***PHYSIOLOGICAL REACTION MAY BE SIMILAR

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4
Q

Why is anxiety not totally bad?

A

It can warn us about RISKS and POTENTIAL dangers

Informative and motivating

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5
Q

What do some psychologists/neuroscientists think of the brain

What do they call it?

A

“Prediction machine”

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6
Q

What is allostasis?

A

Adaptive process that helps maintain HOMEOSTASIS

To maintain body in state of illness/health

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7
Q

What do existentialists think of anxiety?

A

It represents awareness of POSSIBILITY/CHOICE

Stems from awareness of possibility —> directed INTERNALLY

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8
Q

Why ultimately do we have anxiety?

A

Because we have free choice and freedom

Makes anxiety INHERENT

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9
Q

What is generalized anxiety?

A

Anxiety that both EXCESSIVE and fairly CONSTANT

No specific TRIGGERS

Is a disorder

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10
Q

True or false. If you have a relative with generalized anxiety disorder you more likely to have it

A

TRUE

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11
Q

What are some medical treatments of generalized anxiety disorder?

A

Benzodiazepines (Xanax, Ativan, Valium etc…)

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12
Q

Where does abnormal GABA-ergic seem to affect most in the brain?

A

Amygdala

Which is important for fear responses and other emotions

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13
Q

True or false. GAD is more common in women, elderly, and people with low social status

A

TRUE

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14
Q

What is the biological perspective in terms of GAD?

A

Genetic factors = relative has GAD = more likely to have it

Abnormal GABA-ergic activity = affect amygdala = affects fear responses/emotions

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15
Q

What is the sociocultural perspective in terms of GAD?

A

More COMMON in women, the elderly, people with low SES

May INCREASE due to societal disruption

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16
Q

What is the cognitive-behavioural perspective in terms of GAD?

A

It is the result of MALADAPTIVE thinking and behaviour

Irrational assumptions

Pressure put on selves to meet HIGH STANDARDS = increases perceived THREAT of events

When failed, put BLAME on selves

17
Q

What is “intolerance of uncertainty”?

(COG-BEHAV perspective)

A

Because negative events MIGHT happen, some people worry that they WILL happen

Ruminate on possibly, take steps to prevent, even when event is OUT OF THEIR CONTROL

*** = results in people worrying ALL THE TIME

18
Q

What is “meta-worry”?

What is (+) beliefs?

What is (-) beliefs?

(COG-BEHAV perspective)

A

People WORRY about their WORRYING, they believe that their worrying is abnormal/harmful

Good GAD diagnosis
—————————————————————————————————

(+) beliefs: worrying allows you to praise

(-) beliefs: that worrying is harmful, uncontrollable

19
Q

What is the “avoidance model”?

(COG-BEHAV perspective)

A

Anxiety is a kind of COPING mechanism

Worrying distracts people from the PHYSIOLOGICAL symptoms of arousal, or from larger adverse situations

20
Q

What is “emotional dysregulation”?

(COG-BEHAV perspective)

A

1) experience more intense emotion

2) more negative beliefs about emotion

3) poorer understanding of their emotions

4) maladaptive emotion regulation strategies = reinforce their emotion

21
Q

What is a panic disorder?

A

Anxiety may cause an INTENSE physiological and psychological response called a PANIC ATTACK

Usually last for several minutes

22
Q

Panic disorder is accompanied by ___________ a fear of being __________/________

A

Agoraphobia

Outside/public

23
Q

What are some treatments for a panic disorder?

A

SSRI’s/SNRI’s or benzodiazepines or CBT

Exposure therapy

Relaxation/breathing exercises

Cognitive reappraisal

24
Q

What is existential dread?

A

The dread/anxiety we feel when confronted by mortality and life’s absurdity/meaningless/freedom of choice

25
Q

What is “the uncanny”?

What’s the result?

A

The experience of something being both STRANGE and FAMILIAR at the same time

Modernity generates this at RAPID pace

Things tend to blur our familiar, conceptual boundaries

= RESULT deep/destabilizing uncertainty about what is real or natural

Ex) all Starbucks looking the same doesn’t matter what province/city

26
Q

True or false. Insecurity is always associated with poverty/low SES

A

False

Even people materially-well off people face similar/unique insecurities

27
Q

True or false. Anxiety is associated with nostalgia

A

True

Social anxiety TRIGGERS nostalgia

Nostalgia mitigates DEATH anxiety

Can be a PERSONAL or POLITICAL

PSYCH 239- Abnormal Psychology (11 decks)

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