Week 6 Blood

Question 1

What are the 3 formed ellements?

Answer 1

Erythrocytes (RBCs)
Leukocytes(WBCs)
Platelets

Question 2

4 Characteristics of blood

Answer 2

38C
8% Of body weight
Male volume 5-6L
Female volume 4-5L

Question 3

3 functions of blood are…

Answer 3

Distribution of o2 and nutrients to cells.
Regulation of body temp and pH.
Protection against blood loss & infection

Question 4

Which proteins with percentages are produced by the live

Answer 4

Albumin 60%
Golbulins 36%
Fibrinogen 4%

Question 5

Hematopoiesis is what?

Answer 5

The formation of blood cells.

Question 6

4 Structural characteristics contributing to gas transport in erythrocytes are…

Answer 6

Biconcave shape—huge surface area relative to volume.
>97% hemoglobin (not counting water)
No mitochondria
ATP production is anaerobic

Question 7

List the 8 stages of cell development for an erythrocyte

Answer 7

Hemocytoblast
Proerythroblast
Early erythroblast
Late erythroblast
Normoblast
Reticulocyte
Erythrocyte

Question 8

2 regulation issues of erythropoiesis are

Answer 8

Too few RBC’s lead to tissue hypoxia.

Too many RBC’s increase blood viscosity.

Question 9

Balance between RBC production and destruction depends on…

Answer 9

Hormonal Controls.

Adequate supplies of iron, amino acids and b vitamins.

Question 10

3 Causes of hypoxia are

Answer 10

Increase RBC destructions reduce RBC's.
Insufficient hemoglobin (e.g., iron deficiency)
Reduced availability of O2 (e.g., high altitudes)

Question 11

What does anaemia mean?

Answer 11

Blood has abnormally low O2 carrying capacity.

Question 12

3 causes of anaemia

Answer 12

1. Insufficient erythrocytes
2. Low haemoglobin content.
3. Abnormal hemoglobin

Question 13

2 Characteristics of Neutrophils

Answer 13

Most numerous WBCs

Bacteria slayers

Question 14

2 Characteristics of Eosinophils

Answer 14

• Red to crimson (acidophilic) coarse, lysosome-like granules
• Digest parasitic worms that are too large to be phagocytized

Question 15

2 Characteristics of Basophils

Answer 15

Rarest WBCs

Large, purplish-black (basophilic) granules contain histamine

Question 16

2 characteristics of lymphocytes

Answer 16

Mostly in lymphoid tissue; few circulate in the blood

Crucial to immunity

Question 17

2 Characteristics of Monocytes

Answer 17

Abundant pale-blue cytoplasm, purple nucleus

Activate lymphocytes to mount an immune response

Question 18

2 Characteristics of platelets

Answer 18

Small fragments of megakaryocytes

Clotting requires calcium and vitamin K

Question 19

3 Steps to cause a clot

Answer 19

1. Vascular spasm - Smooth muscle contracts causing vasoconstriction
2. Platelet plug formation - Platelets release release chemicals that make nearby platelets sticky.
3. Coagulation - Fibrin forms a mesh that traps red blood cells and platelets, forming the clot.