week 7

Question 1

patterns of thinking and behaving that are maladaptive, disruptive, or uncomfortable for the affected person or for others

Answer 1

Psychopathology

Question 2

viewing mental disorders as resulting from a combination of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors

Answer 2

Biopsychosocial approach

Question 3

a view in which mental disorder is seen as arising from psychological processes

Answer 3

Psychological model

Question 4

explaining mental disorders in ways that emphasize the role of factors such as gender and age, physical situations, cultural values and expectations, and historical era

Answer 4

Sociocultural perspective

Question 5

characteristics or conditions that can influence the appearance and form of maladaptive behavior

Answer 5

Sociocultural factors

Question 6

the notion that psychological disorders arise when a predisposition for a disorder combines with sufficient amounts of stress to trigger symptoms

Answer 6

Diathesis-stress model

Question 7

a condition in which intense feelings of fear and dread are long-standing and disruptive

Answer 7

Anxiety disorder

Question 8

an anxiety disorder that involves strong, irrational fear of an object or situation that does not objectively justify such a reaction

Answer 8

phobia

Question 9

phobias that involve fear and avoidance of specific stimuli and situations, such as heights, blood, and certain animals

Answer 9

Specific phobias

Question 10

strong, irrational fears related to social situations

Answer 10

social phobias

Question 11

a strong fear of being alone or away from the safety of home

Answer 11

agoraphobia

Question 12

a condition that involves long-lasting anxiety that is not focused on any particular object or situation

Answer 12

Generalized anxiety disorder

Question 13

anxiety in the form of severe panic attacks that come without warning or obvious cause

Answer 13

Panic disorder

Question 14

an anxiety disorder in which a person becomes obsessed with certain thoughts or feels a compulsion to do certain things

Answer 14

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Question 15

persistent, upsetting, and unwanted thoughts that interfere with daily life and may lead to compulsions

Answer 15

obsessions

Question 16

repetitive behaviors that interfere with daily functioning but are performed in an effort to prevent dangers or events associated with obsessions

Answer 16

compulsions

Question 17

psychological problems in which a person shows the symptoms of a physical disorder for which there is no physical cause

Answer 17

Somatoform disorders

Question 18

a somatoform disorder in which a person appears to be (but actually is not) blind, deaf, paralyzed, or insensitive to pain

Answer 18

Conversion disorder

Question 19

a strong, unjustified fear of physical illness

Answer 19

Hypochondriasis

Question 20

a somatoform disorder in which there are numerous physical complaints without verifiable physical illness

Answer 20

Somatization disorder

Question 21

a somatoform disorder marked by complaints of severe, often constant pain with no physical cause

Answer 21

Somatoform pain disorder

Question 22

a somatoform disorder characterized by intense distress over imagined abnormalities of the skin, hair, face, or other areas of the body

Answer 22

Body dysmorphic disorder

Question 23

conditions involving sudden and usually temporary disruptions in a person’s memory, consciousness, or identity

Answer 23

Dissociative disorders

Question 24

a psychological disorder involving sudden loss of memory and the assumption of a new identity in a new locale

Answer 24

Fugue reaction (dissociative fugue)

Question 25

a psychological disorder marked by a sudden loss of memory for one’s own name, occupation, or other identifying information

Answer 25

Dissociative amnesia

Question 26

a dissociative disorder in which a person appears to have more than one identity, each of which behaves in a different way

Answer 26

Dissociative identity disorder (DID)

Question 27

a condition in which a person experiences extremes of moods for long periods, shifts from one extreme mood to another, and experiences moods that are inconsistent with events

Answer 27

Affective disorder (mood disorder)

Question 28

a condition in which a person feels sad and hopeless for weeks or months, often losing interest in all activities and taking pleasure in nothing

Answer 28

Major depression (major depressive disorder)

Question 29

false beliefs such as those experienced by people suffering from schizophrenia or severe depression

Answer 29

delusions

Question 30

a pattern of depression in which the person shows the sad mood, lack of interest, and loss of pleasure associated with major depression, but to a lesser degree and for a longer period

Answer 30

Dysthymic disorder

Question 31

a condition in which a person alternates between the two emotional extremes of depression and mania

Answer 31

bipolar disorder

Question 32

an elated, active emotional state

Answer 32

mania

Question 33

an affective disorder characterized by an alternating pattern of mood swings that is less extreme than that of bipolar disorder

Answer 33

Cyclothymic personality (cyclothymic disorder)

Question 34

a pattern of severely disturbed thinking, emotion, perception, and behavior that constitutes one of the most serious and disabling of all mental disorders

Answer 34

schizophrenia

Question 35

false or distorted perceptions of objects or events

Answer 35

hallucinations

Question 36

long-standing, inflexible ways of behaving that become styles of life that create problems, usually for others

Answer 36

Personality disorders

Question 37

a long-term persistent pattern of impulsive, selfish, unscrupulous, even criminal behavior

Answer 37

Antisocial personality disorder

Question 38

problems involving the use of psychoactive drugs months or years in ways that harm the user or others

Answer 38

Substance-related disorders

Question 39

development of a physical need for a psychoactive drug

Answer 39

addictions

Question 40

a pattern of drinking that may lead to addiction and that almost always causes severe social, physical, and other problems

Answer 40

alcoholism