week 8 immunity

Question 1

what is innate

Answer 1

non specific components ( cellular or chemical)

Question 2

what is adaptive

Answer 2

specific cellular or chemical component

Question 3

2 arts of adaptive immune system

Answer 3

cell-mediated and humoral

Question 4

what is the cells called which kill virus-infected cells and tumor cells in adaptive component

Answer 4

T CELLS

Question 5

what is the humoral cell which kill bacteria and virus and tissue repair

Answer 5

b cells - produce antibodies and complement cascade

Question 6

what is the innate cell mediated cell which kill virus and tissue repair

Answer 6

neutrophils monocytes

Question 7

what type of innate cell is cell mediated and kills tumors

Answer 7

natural killer cells

Question 8

what does the skin do

Answer 8

stops microbes before infection - the physical barrier

Question 9

other examples of physical barriers

Answer 9

saliva, mucosal membranes, stomach acid, gut barrier, flushing of urine, tears and coughing and sneezing

Question 10

whats another name for a leukocyte

Answer 10

white blood cell

Question 11

what are the 2 types of lymphocytes

Answer 11

T and b cells

Question 12

monocytes are what in the blood and do what

Answer 12

3-9% and consume microbes

Question 13

what makes up 60% of the blood

Answer 13

neutrophils

Question 14

what are neutrophils

Answer 14

an innate - rapid responder to infection and stress and eat/ engulf phagocytes and kill using toxic molecules

Question 15

what is a phagocytes

Answer 15

microbe

Question 16

what is a natural killer

Answer 16

innate, destroy cancer and viruses using cytokines

Question 17

what proteins travel as inactive proteins in the blood from the liver

Answer 17

complement proteins

Question 18

what do complement proteins recruit

Answer 18

phagocytes to site vai chemical gradients

Question 19

cytokines are released from where

Answer 19

innate immune cells to coordinate immune response

Question 20

dendric cells process parts of foreign bodies and present the antigen to what cells

Answer 20

T and B cells

Question 21

T and b cells are types of what cells

Answer 21

lymphocytes

Question 22

B cells are humoral or cell mediated

Answer 22

humoral

Question 23

T cells are cell mediated or humoral

Answer 23

cell mediated

Question 24

b cells come from where

Answer 24

bone marrow

Question 25

what can b cells do

Answer 25

differentiate into different plasma cells and make antibodies

Question 26

what do t cells release

Answer 26

cytokines - kill virus

Question 27

t and b cells are specific and have ...

Answer 27

memories and can reencounter antigens - like a vaccine

Question 28

60-70% of t cells are what

Answer 28

helper cells

Question 29

what do helper cells do

Answer 29

coordinate immune responses by recruiting other t and b cells for damage or infection sites

Question 30

what percent of t cells are cytotoxic t cells

Answer 30

30-40%

Question 31

what do cytoxic t cells do

Answer 31

identify antigens and infected and tumor cells

Question 32

how do we measure immune function

Answer 32

movement of immune cells towards bacteria or virus

Question 33

the release of molecules reflecting immune response with antimicrobial properties example

Answer 33

saliva with enzymes - phagocytosis - isozyme

Question 34

what is phagocytosis

Answer 34

ingestion of bacteria or virus by phagocytes

Question 35

exercise evokes a ,marked immune response causing what

Answer 35

increase leukocytes in blood and there is an increase post exercise

Question 36

exercise increases shear stress, sympathetic drive and epe as well as what blood flow control

Answer 36

vasoconstriction

Question 37

exercise induces a strong innate immune response involving what cells

Answer 37

monocytes, neutrophils and macrophages

Question 38

what do neutrophils release

Answer 38

proteins and they terminate muscle repair

Question 39

how do the nuetrophils proteins terminate muscle repair

Answer 39

movement of immune cells, anti microbial defense and muscle fiber breakdown and regen

Question 40

5 effects post exercise on immune system

Answer 40

infections, severity, decrease anti body production, wound healing, surveillance of canc er and response to vaccines increase

Question 41

indirect improvements of immunity lead to

Answer 41

decrease in weight loss - adipose tissue and less inflammation as well as improved vascular health

Question 42

exercise for elderly decreases

Answer 42

natural decline

Question 43

exercise helps which elderly functions

Answer 43

auto immune, cv , neuro and metabolic

Question 44

tumor growth and exercise are linked yes or no

Answer 44

yes

Question 45

under and over training impact immune system yes or no

Answer 45

yes