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Physiology > week2 energy metabolism > Flashcards

week2 energy metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

where does atp resynthesis occur

A

mitochondria

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2
Q

where is the energy stored in atp

A

the bonds between phosphates

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3
Q

what does atp turn into after phosphate has left

A

adenosine di phosphate

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4
Q

what process occurs to use atp

A

Hydrolysis

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5
Q

what is the cycle for energy known as

A

ATP cycle

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6
Q

what is taken during hydrolysis

A

phosphate

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7
Q

what is the cycle called for atp

A

atp cycle

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8
Q

what is the basic concept of atp cycle

A

Mitochondria post hydrolysis synthesize and adp and p making more atp

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9
Q

what is bioenergetics

A

the flow of energy within a living system

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10
Q

where does energy come from

A

food - fats , cho and proteins

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11
Q

what type of work do the cells do

A

mechanical and chemical

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12
Q

what are the 4 main parts of the cell

A

cytoplasm, membrane, nucleus and mitochondria

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13
Q

what does the nucleus contain

A

genes and regulates proteins resynthesis / regeneration

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14
Q

what does the cytoplasm do

A

contains organelles and fluid

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15
Q

what does the membrane do

A

the wall separating the cell

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16
Q

what is the mitochondria

A

where ATP hydrolysis occurs involving the ETC

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17
Q

what is oxidative phosphorylation?

A

inner mitochondria has etc to transfer proteins and electrons pumped out through membrane

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18
Q

what is metabolism

A

sum of all chemical reactions that occur

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19
Q

what are the 2 types of reactions

A

exergonic and endergonic

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20
Q

there is more energy in products for what type of reaction

A

endergonic

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21
Q

what type of reaction is exergonic

A

more energy in reactant

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22
Q

what is OIL RIG

A

oxidation is loss
reduction is gain

23
Q

what are the 2 key roles in transfer of h+ atoms within the ETC

A

NAD and FAD

24
Q

Enzymes do what

A

catalyze reactions and lower ae

25
Q

how do enzymes catalyze

A

lower ae, changes in substrate binding and drawing reactions closer for better reactions

26
Q

what are the 4 types of enzymes

A

Kinase, dehydrogenase, oxidase, and isomerases.

27
Q

what impacts enzymes

A

ph and body temp

28
Q

what is atpase

A

enzymes speed up hydrolysis

29
Q

what is the equation for atp molecules

A

ATP —- ATPASE——- ADP + P +ENERGY

30
Q

What are the 2 metabolic pathways to from atp

A

anaerobic and aerboic - one needing o2 one not

31
Q

3 points of aerobic metabolic pathway for atop

A

needs o2,
oxidative phosphor. dependent on respiratory and cv systems for enough o2

32
Q

2 points of anaerobic pathways for atp

A

no o2
pc breakdown and glycolysis

33
Q

oxidative phosphorylation is the process used o use atc to form atp - true or false

A

true

34
Q

where does the etc occur

A

mitochondria membrane

35
Q

what does the mitochondria membrane do in etc

A

move electrons from NAD and FAD and release energy, causes proton gradient

36
Q

what is the most rapid sysstem

A

ATP-PC

37
Q

what is the atp-pc equation

A

pc + adp–creatine kinase – atp + c

38
Q

time frame for atp pc

A

10-15 seconds

39
Q

glycolysis is increased by what

A

bi products of atp breakdown activating glycolytic pathway

40
Q

what is epoc

A

excess post exercise consumption

41
Q

what does rapid epoc do

A

resynthesis of pc in muscle - recovered in 60 -120 secs and replenishes myoglobin and o2 stores

42
Q

slow epoc components - 5

A

resynthesis -pc
hr and breathing increase
body temp and metabolic rate increase
conversion of lactic acid to glucose

43
Q

what is the 4 parts of citric acid cycle

A

glycolysis makes 2 pyruvate and it enters mitochondria and converts acetyle coa
combines with oxalacetate making citrate all making atp

44
Q

ETC points 5

A

NADH and FAD reoxidised - making energy electrons from H

e- are passed and pumped h+ into intermembrane

increase in conc of H

movement of H through atp synthase makes ATP
electrons and h combine making water

45
Q

what does kinase do

A

add phosphate

46
Q

what does dehydrogenase do

A

remove hydrogen atoms

47
Q

what do oxidases do

A

catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions involving oxygen

48
Q

what do isomerases do

A

rearrangement of the structure of molecules

49
Q

how many atp is made in glycolysis

A

4 after 2 been invested

50
Q

how many pyruvate is made in glycolysis

A

2

51
Q

how many carbons are there is pyruvate

A

3

52
Q

how many ATP do you get out of the citric acid cycle

A

38

53
Q

how many times does the citric acid cycle do

A

2

54
Q

can glycolysis occur with or without oxygen or both

A

both

Physiology (18 decks)

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