Week 9 Basic Need Sleep

Question 1

Class of drug that cuases insensibility to pain and induces sleep

Answer 1

Hypnotic

Question 2

A state of mental, physical, and spiritual activity that leaves the individual feeling refreshed, rejuvenated, and ready to resume activities of the day

Answer 2

Rest

Question 3

Medication that produces a calming effect by becreasing functional activity, diminishing irritability and allaying excitement

Answer 3

Sedative

Question 4

State marked by reduced consiousness, diminished activity of the skeletal muscles and depressed metabolism

Answer 4

Sleep

Question 5

A state of strong desire to sleep, or sleeping for unsually long periods

Answer 5

Somnolence

Question 6

Stage lasts a few minutes
It includes lights level of sleep
Decreased physiological activity begins with gradual fall in vital signs and metabolism
When awakened person feels as if day dreaming occurred

Answer 6

Stage 1 NREM

Question 7

Stage lasts 10 to 20 minutes 
It is a peroid of sound sleep
Relaxation progresses 
Body functions continue to slow
Arousal remains relatively easy

Answer 7

Stage two NREM

Question 8

Stage lasts 15-30 minutes 
Initial stages of deep sleep
Muscles are completely relaxed 
Vital signs decline but remain regular 
Sleeper is difficult to arouse and rarely moves

Answer 8

Stage 3 NREM

Question 9

Stage lasts approximately 15-30 minutes
Is it the deepest stage of sleep
Is sleep loss has occurred, sleeper spends considerable part of night in this stage
Vital signs are significantly lower than during waking hours
Sleep walking or enuresis sometimes occur
It is very difficult to arouse sleeper

Answer 9

Stage 4 NREM

Question 10

Occurs after stage four
Usually begins about 90 minutes after sleep has begun
Duration increases with each sleep cycle and averages 20 minutes
Vivid full color dreaming occurs
Stage is typified by rapid moving eyes
Fluctuating heart rate, respiratory rate, BP, loss of skeletal muscle tone, increased gastric secretions
Very difficult to arouse sleeper

Answer 10

REM

Question 11

State the function of sleep

Answer 11

Physiological and psychological restoration
Maintenance of biological process
The body conserves energy
Important for learning, memory and adaptation to stress

Question 12

Changes that occur in sleep patern in neonates

Answer 12

Up to age of 3 months neonates average about 16 hours of sleep each day

Sleep cycle 40-50 minutes

Approximately 50% of this sleep is REM which stimulates higher brain centers essential for development because the neonate is not awake long enough for significant external stimulation

Question 13

Changes that occur in sleep patern in infants

Answer 13

Usually develope a patern of sleeping through the night by 3 months

Usually take several naps during the day
8-10 hours during night plus naps = 15 hours

Awakening commonly occurs early in the morning although it is not uncommon for an infant to awake during the night

Question 14

Changes that occur in sleep patern in toddlers

Answer 14

By the age of 2 children typically sleep through the night and take daily naps

Total sleep averages 12 hours q day

After age of 3 children often give up daytime naps

Common to awaken during the night

May be resistant to going to bed at night because they need autonomy or separation anxiety

Question 15

Changes that occur in sleep patern in preschoolers

Answer 15

Sleep about 12 hours q night
By the age of 5 children rarely take daytime naps
May have difficulty relaxing after a long active day, bedtime fears, awaken at night or have nightmares
Partial awakening frequent
In awake period child crys, walks around, and speaks unintelligibly, sleep walking, enuresis

Question 16

Changes that occur in sleep patern in adolescents

Answer 16

On average teens get 7 hours of sleep or less

Alcohol use, electronics, mood changes etc

Question 17

Changes that occur in sleep patern in young adults

Answer 17

Average 6 to 8 1/2 hours of sleep q day
Common for
Stresses lead to sleep loss and medication use
Pregnancy increases need for sleep and rest

Question 18

Changes that occur in sleep patern in middle adulthood

Answer 18

Total time spent sleeping at night declines
Insomnia is common
Anxiety depression or physical illness cuase sleep disturbances
Menopause may cause insomnia

Question 19

Changes that occur in sleep patern in older adults

Answer 19

Sleeping difficulties increase
Experience wakening, desychronized cercadian rythm that alter sleep wake cycle
Awaken more at night and take longer to fall asleep
Tendency to nap increases
Presence of chronic illness often results in sleep disturbances

Question 20

What are several common sleep disorders

Answer 20

Insomnia
Narcolepsy
Sleep apnea 
Hypersomnia
Parasomnia

Question 21

Veriety of sleep problems, night terrors, sleep walking

Answer 21

Parasomnia

Question 22

Fall asleep at random doing any activity

Answer 22

Narcolepsy

Question 23

Fall asleep very easily

Answer 23

Hypersomnia

Question 24

Difficulty falling asleep of waking frequently

Answer 24

Insomnia

Question 25

Airway closes periodically during sleep

Answer 25

Sleep apnea

Question 26

Indentify essential data to be collected when preforming a nursing history of a pt. With basic need for sleep

Answer 26

``` Description of sleeping problem Usual sleep patern Physical and psychological illness Current life events Emotional and mental status Bedtime routines Bedtime environment Behaviors of sleep deprivation ```

Question 27

Assessment finding of sleep deprivation

Answer 27

``` Causes include illness Emotional distress Medications Environment disturbances Work pressure Physiological symtoms: Blurred vision, fine motor clumsiness, decreased reflexes, slowed response time, decreased reasoning and judgement, decreased auditory and visual alertness, cardiac arrhythmias ``` Psychological symptoms: confused and disoriented, increased sensitivity to pain, irritability- withdrawn, apethetic, agitation, hyperactive, decreased motivation, excessive sleepiness

Question 28

Saftey measures for sleep in a health care setting

Answer 28

Monitor airway RR And breath sounds should be monitored post op Recommend lifestyle changes to patients with OSA ( sleep hygiene, alcohol moderation, smoking cessation, weight loss) CPAP for patients with OSA delivers room air at high pressure

Question 29

Identify health promotion behavoirs in relation to rest and sleep

Answer 29

``` Environment controls Promotion of safety Promotion of comfort Established periods of rest and sleep Stress reduction Bedtime snacks Pharmacological approaches ```

Question 30

Trade name for zolpidem

Answer 30

Ambien

Question 31

Side effects of zolpidem/ Ambien

Answer 31

Abnormal thinking, sleep driving and sleep eating, confusion, complex sleep related reactions, irritability, poor coordination

Question 32

Nursing implications

Answer 32

Teach that there are complex sleep related behaviors Asses impaired coordination, suicidal thoughts, Severe adverse effects, angioedema, anaphylaxis

Question 33

Use for abien/ zolpidem

Answer 33

Insomnia

Question 34

Which sleep cycle has to do with tissue restoration and which sleep period has to do more with cognitive restoration

Answer 34

Nrem- tissue restoration | REM.- cognitive restoration