week four Flashcards
(23 cards)
what is the most common medical emergency in a dental office?
syncope
definition of syncope
sudden short-term loss of consciousness and postural tone
what are the different types of syncope
neurocardiac, noncardiac, cardiac
neurocardiac syncope
most common, drop in blood pressure (vasodepressor), associated with noxious stimuli
what is noxious stimuli
pain, fear, exhaustion, and illness
what are types of noncardiac syncope
seizures and orthostatic hypotension
what is cardiac syncope
inadequate cardiac output, from underlying heart disease
definition of shock
condition produced when the cardiovascular pulmonary system fails to deliver enough oxygenated blood to body tissues
what are the types of shock?
hypovolemic, cardiogenic, distributive, obstructive
what are the stages of shock
initial, compensatory, progressive, refractory
initial stage
cells deprived of oxygen, inhibits ability to produce energy, cells not function properly
compensatory stage
body tries to overcome shock
progressive stage
compensatory mechanism begin to fail
refractory
failure of vital organs
hypovolemic shock
most common, caused by hemorrhage or dehydration
cardiogenic shock
reduction in perfusion due to decreased cardiac output
what are the types of distributive shock
anaphylactic, septic, neurogenic
anaphylactic shock
sudden, massive vasodilation and circulatory collapse following exposure to an allergen
septic shock
vasodilatory shock
neurogenic shock
loss of sympathetic nerve activity from brain’s vasomotor center due to emotion trama, drug or traumatic injury
obstructive shock
from indirect heart pump failure
definition of hyperventilation
rapid, deep breathing occurs thus eliminating more carbon dioxide then producing
what is the optimal ph of blood
7.4
