Week One

Question 1

What is the most basic unit of matter?

Answer 1

An atom

Question 2

What is the name when two or more atoms are joined together?

Answer 2

Molecules

Question 3

What is a compound?

Answer 3

A molecule containing atoms of more than one element.

Question 4

What combines to form cells in the human body?

Answer 4

Molecules

Question 5

What is a tissue made up of?

Answer 5

Similar cells that are grouped together to perform a specific function.

Question 6

What are the four types of tissue?

Answer 6

Epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous tissue.

Question 7

What is an organ?

Answer 7

A structure that is composed of two or more tissues with a specific function and shape.

Question 8

What is a system?

Answer 8

Related organs with a common function

-e.g. skeletal, muscular, nervous endocrine, digestive, respiratory etc…

Question 9

What is an organism

Answer 9

Any living individual, where the organ systems function together to form the whole organism.

Question 10

What is density?

Answer 10

Mass per unit volume of material substance.

Question 11

Describe a nucleus

Answer 11

Very small and dense
Contains most of the mass of the atom
Houses the protons and neutrons

Question 12

Describe a neutron

Answer 12

Has no charge

Equivalent in mass to the proton

Question 13

Describe a proton

Answer 13

Positively charged

Question 14

Describe an electron

Answer 14

Negatively charged
Located outside the nucleus and in constant motion
Small mass

Question 15

What is an isotope?

Answer 15

Atoms of an element with the same number of protons bu a different number of neutrons.

Question 16

What is an ion?

Answer 16

An atom with a positive or negative charge.

Question 17

What is the ionisation process?

Answer 17

Gaining or giving electrons.

Question 18

What is a free radicals?

Answer 18

A charged atom or group of atoms with an unpaired electron in the outermost shell.

Question 19

Describe the features of free radicals

Answer 19

Very unstable, highly reactive and destructive to nearly molecules.

Question 20

What affects the likelihood of an atom forming a chemical bond with another atom?

Answer 20

The number of electrons on the valence shell

Question 21

What are ionic bonds?

Answer 21

A bond when atoms loose or gain a valence electron therefore they have opposite charges and the attract.

Question 22

What are covalent bonds?

Answer 22

Two or more atoms from the same or different elements share electrons.

Question 23

What is the difference between polar and non-polar covalent bonds?

Answer 23

Polar bonds share electrons between two atoms unequally

Non-polar bonds share electrons between atoms equally.

Question 24

Describe a hydrogen bond

Answer 24

hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge attract a partial negatively charged electronegative atom.
There is no sharing, gaining or loss of electrons.
Weak bond

Question 25

What is a chemical reaction?

Answer 25

Atoms combine by forming new bonds or breaking old ones.

Question 26

What is ‘metabolism’?

Answer 26

All the chemical reactions that occur in the body.