Weeks 5 & 6 (Last for Midterm)

Question 1

Ischemic Heart Disease: Group of syndromes closely related and caused by imbalance myocardial __ demands and __ supply (lack of )2 to myocardium)

Answer 1

02

Blood

Question 2

What are the 4 pathogenises of Ischemic Heart disease?

Answer 2

Acute changes in heart morphology
Platelet Aggregation
Coronary Artery Thrombosis
Coronary Artery Vasospasm

Question 3

Coronary Artery vasospasm: __ of coronary artery due to __ of the artery AKA __ __- due to release of stress hormones such as __ (seen with __)

Answer 3

Stenosis
Spasm
Prinzmetal's Variant
norepinephrine
smoking

Question 4

What are the 4 forms of Ischmeic Heart Disease?

Answer 4

Angina Pectoris
Acute MI
Sudden Cardiac Death
Chronic Ischemic Heart disease with congestive heart failure

Question 5

Angina Pectoris: Defined as Intermittent __ pain caused by __ __ __

Answer 5

chest

transient reversible ischemia

Question 6

Angina Pectoris: causes narrowing of the __ artery of >__% of the lumen

Answer 6

coronary

75

Question 7

Angina Pectoris: diffuse __ pain due to hypoxia since the blood cannot pump fast enough to get into heart due to narrowing of coronary artery. IS NOT __ PAIN

Answer 7

retrosternal

local

Question 8

Angina Pectoris: where does pain radiate too?

Answer 8

Internal portion of arm down to pinkie and also left portion of neck and shooting pain of left scapula

Question 9

Angina Pectoris: Prinzmetal angina and crescendo angina may also be present. What is crescendo angina?

Answer 9

AKA pre-infarction angina

-steady increase in pain, even when at rest

Question 10

Acute Myocardial Infarction- #1 killer in USA!! associated with formation of local area of __ due to __- not transient- permanent loss of muscle tissue

Answer 10

necrosis

Hypoxia

Question 11

Sudden Cardiac Death: 300,000 deatsh in USA per year- 50% of cause of this death is __ problem- death within 24 hrs of problems. 50% of these deaths are due to __ heart disease. Causes are (3)

Answer 11

cardiac

ischemic

Question 12

Chronic Ischemic heart disease with Congestive heart failure- Heart muscle doesnt have enough __. Death of __ and there is no regeneration. __ and __ of the myofibrils follows. The __ will develop and leads to __ __ __

Answer 12

oxygen
muscle
Atrophy
necrosis
CT
congestive heart failure

Question 13

Congestive Heart disease: Define

Answer 13

Multi-system derangement that occurs when the ehart is no longer able to eject the blood delivered to it by the venous system

Question 14

Congestive Heart Failure: What are the 3 adaptive responses?

Answer 14

Activity of SNS and overproduction of catecholamines (increase contractility and HR)
Concentric Hypertrophy
Eccentric Hypertrophy

Question 15

Congestive heart failure: Concentric Hypertrophy: Will start if the __ does not work. What is this defined as?

Answer 15

Sympathetics

Hypertrophy of heart bc of flow resistance without chamber enlargement

Question 16

Congestive heart failure: Concentric Hypertrophy: Increased heart demand for O2 but the heart can’t supply it. This causes myocardial __

Answer 16

dystrophy

Question 17

Congestive heart failure: Eccentric Hypertrophy: Define

Answer 17

Overload of heart with extra blood. Will cause hypertrophy and enlargement of chambers. Elongation of myofibrils (sterling law) increases contractility