West zone 1949-63 pt2

Question 1

what did economic miracle mask

Answer 1

social struggles

Question 2

what was passed in 1952 - effect

Answer 2

requalisation of burdens law - levy(tax) on real estate not affected by war

Question 3

GNP growing

Answer 3

8% each day

Question 4

by 1956 what was achieved

Answer 4

full employment

Question 5

what did one of first 1950 legislations provide support for

Answer 5

refugees homeless etc

Question 6

impact of equalisation burdens law

Answer 6

DM143 billion redistributed

Question 7

what was passed in 1951

Answer 7

131 law - restore employment + pension rights - Globe reinstated (former nazi)

Question 8

what was formed in 1949

Answer 8

German federation trade unions - overcome internal conflicts under 1 umbrella organisation SIMPLIFIED SYSTEM

Question 9

1951 W- what was passed

Answer 9

codetermination law - worker representation on boards

Question 10

how did west German trade unions compare to west countries

Answer 10

SUCCESSFUL - fewer strikes = less party politics = cooperation instead antagonist

Question 11

how was welfare improved

Answer 11

60% final year earnings = pension (Britain = 29%)

Question 12

how was housing crisis solved?

Answer 12

6 million new flats built - gov subsided industry sector

Question 13

what did allies want to do w/ education - why failed

Answer 13

-fundamentally restructure so reverse nazi influence - failed as could not agree

Question 14

when was education responsibility passed to lander

Answer 14

1949

Question 15

what was the result of lander taking education

Answer 15

NOT FUNDAMENTALLY CHANGED

Question 16

what limited change occurred in education

Answer 16

1958 abolish fees + 1955 Dusseldorf agrmt. on a levels = chaos

Question 17

why was education reform limited

Answer 17

• economic success disguise problems
• conservative BRD took influence from weimar
• soviets fundamentally restructure education - down want to mimic communists

Question 18

on one level how did women change

Answer 18

1949 article 3 basic law = legal rights + 1957 law equality sexes

Question 19

on another level women

Answer 19

avg. women earn 40% less men + 3 K’s fundamental in society

Question 20

facts on social in first half 1950s

Answer 20

20% household little above substance level

Question 21

HOWEVER second half 1950s

Answer 21

1962 63% own fridge - marked rise for ‘man in the street’

Question 22

downside of economic success

Answer 22

mid 1960s- smug consumer society = critical +revolutionary decade

Question 23

what was the ohne mich mentatlity

Answer 23

‘without me’ - ppl don’t care for international issues as focus on home issues

Question 24

how did ardenaur win 1957 elections

Answer 24

father figure of west germany - ‘NO EXPERIMENTS CDU’

Question 25

what did west germans detest

Answer 25

remilitarisation

Question 26

what was an example of globalisation in youth

Answer 26

teddy boys - reject conservative ethos parents -

Question 27

expansion transportation as evidence for modern industrial society

Answer 27

number cars 2million - 12.1 million

Question 28

contradictory image on one hand

Answer 28

west germnanyt well off and secure

Question 29

BUT on other hand west germany

Answer 29

0.1% population own 13% assets

Question 30

BUT - west germany not really a class based society despite asset fact

Answer 30

levelling effect in rid of Ruhr barons + Prussian junkers

Question 31

what was west germany under control of

Answer 31

allied high commission - no foreign office - ardenaeur as high commission

Question 32

what was Adenauer foreign policy geared to

Answer 32

sovereignty of new state + exploit economic political + military state

Question 33

what were ardenauer's key principles

Answer 33

stability / reliability / cooperation

Question 34

political restraints on new Western state

Answer 34

occupation statute April 1949 - occupying powers supervise trade

Question 35

what was Petersburg agreement

Answer 35

autumn 1949 w/ allied high commission - allow BRD to join Ruhr authority

Question 36

what was gained from Petersburg agreement ?

Answer 36

- dismantling industry by allies limited | - BRD establish diplomatic relations w/ other states

Question 37

what was the ECSC

Answer 37

1951 Schumann plan w/6 members | -european coal + steel community - lift restrictions on imports/exports

Question 38

evidence of ECSC success

Answer 38

production of coal up 44% from 1952 levels

Question 39

what was signed in march 1957

Answer 39

treaty rome - western integration further - creates EEC

Question 40

evidence of EEC influence

Answer 40

85% west German agriculture in EEC

Question 41

what did the BRD seek in the EEC

Answer 41

political + economic influence - largest member

Question 42

another example of economic cooperation

Answer 42

GATT - 1948 reduce barriers in international trade - BRD in 1951

Question 43

why was the EDC made

Answer 43

fear of communism after 1950 Korean War BUT German rearmament feared so European integration on defence

Question 44

what was EDC

Answer 44

European defence committee

Question 45

when was EDC rejected by French parliament

Answer 45

1954

Question 46

what was signed instead of EDC

Answer 46

Paris treaties 1954

Question 47

military freedom allowed by Paris treaties evidence

Answer 47

national forces created Bundeswher

Question 48

evidence western integration in military through Paris treaties

Answer 48

NATO - BRD JOIN 1955

Question 49

when was basic law amended to allow bundeswher

Answer 49

nov 1955

Question 50

evidence of franco German relations improved by 1955

Answer 50

when 2/3 Saar request unification w. west in plebiscite - 1957 saar to west Germany as 11th land

Question 51

what did Carr say of BRD in 1955

Answer 51

'seldom in history has a defeated power recovered so quickly' - had freedom + sovereignty

Question 52

evidence western integration at end ardenaeur reign

Answer 52

1963 French German treaty before signation influences policy to 1989

Question 53

what was ardenaeur's policy w/ east coined

Answer 53

magnet theory - strong west contrast east - 3 million refugees 1950

Question 54

evidence of west German hostility to east

Answer 54

derogatory language e.g. 'drüben'

Question 55

what were stalin notes

Answer 55

during EDC negotiation march 1952 stalin send unification terms

Question 56

points on stalin notes

Answer 56

removal foreign troops germany

Question 57

ardenaeur stance on stalin notes

Answer 57

REJECTS -germany a weak neutral prey to communist power rejects on multiple occasions 1952 onwards

Question 58

but CA to Stalin's intensions w/ Stalin notes

Answer 58

coincide w/ EDC negotiations = bluff to prevent remilitarisation

Question 59

On one hand - east germany cause separation | by 1955 what had the USSR released

Answer 59

'two state theory' - 2 sovereign German states - both represent nation

Question 60

what had changes about USSR's policy on germany

Answer 60

-integrate DDR to Warsaw Pact - May 1955 - NATO offensive + DDR full sovereignty

Question 61

On other hand - west germany caused separation

Answer 61

-hallstein doctrine - ardenaeur refuse diplomatic relations w/ east + discourage many countries from recognising DDR

Question 62

what countries broke hall stein doctrine

Answer 62

yogoslavia 1952