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history germany > West zone 1949-63 pt2 > Flashcards

West zone 1949-63 pt2 Flashcards

1
Q

what did economic miracle mask

A

social struggles

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2
Q

what was passed in 1952 - effect

A

requalisation of burdens law - levy(tax) on real estate not affected by war

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3
Q

GNP growing

A

8% each day

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4
Q

by 1956 what was achieved

A

full employment

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5
Q

what did one of first 1950 legislations provide support for

A

refugees homeless etc

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6
Q

impact of equalisation burdens law

A

DM143 billion redistributed

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7
Q

what was passed in 1951

A

131 law - restore employment + pension rights - Globe reinstated (former nazi)

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8
Q

what was formed in 1949

A

German federation trade unions - overcome internal conflicts under 1 umbrella organisation SIMPLIFIED SYSTEM

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9
Q

1951 W- what was passed

A

codetermination law - worker representation on boards

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10
Q

how did west German trade unions compare to west countries

A

SUCCESSFUL - fewer strikes = less party politics = cooperation instead antagonist

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11
Q

how was welfare improved

A

60% final year earnings = pension (Britain = 29%)

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12
Q

how was housing crisis solved?

A

6 million new flats built - gov subsided industry sector

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13
Q

what did allies want to do w/ education - why failed

A

-fundamentally restructure so reverse nazi influence - failed as could not agree

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14
Q

when was education responsibility passed to lander

A

1949

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15
Q

what was the result of lander taking education

A

NOT FUNDAMENTALLY CHANGED

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16
Q

what limited change occurred in education

A

1958 abolish fees + 1955 Dusseldorf agrmt. on a levels = chaos

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17
Q

why was education reform limited

A
  • economic success disguise problems
  • conservative BRD took influence from weimar
  • soviets fundamentally restructure education - down want to mimic communists
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18
Q

on one level how did women change

A

1949 article 3 basic law = legal rights + 1957 law equality sexes

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19
Q

on another level women

A

avg. women earn 40% less men + 3 K’s fundamental in society

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20
Q

facts on social in first half 1950s

A

20% household little above substance level

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21
Q

HOWEVER second half 1950s

A

1962 63% own fridge - marked rise for ‘man in the street’

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22
Q

downside of economic success

A

mid 1960s- smug consumer society = critical +revolutionary decade

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23
Q

what was the ohne mich mentatlity

A

‘without me’ - ppl don’t care for international issues as focus on home issues

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24
Q

how did ardenaur win 1957 elections

A

father figure of west germany - ‘NO EXPERIMENTS CDU’

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25
Q

what did west germans detest

A

remilitarisation

26
Q

what was an example of globalisation in youth

A

teddy boys - reject conservative ethos parents -

27
Q

expansion transportation as evidence for modern industrial society

A

number cars 2million - 12.1 million

28
Q

contradictory image on one hand

A

west germnanyt well off and secure

29
Q

BUT on other hand west germany

A

0.1% population own 13% assets

30
Q

BUT - west germany not really a class based society despite asset fact

A

levelling effect in rid of Ruhr barons + Prussian junkers

31
Q

what was west germany under control of

A

allied high commission - no foreign office - ardenaeur as high commission

32
Q

what was Adenauer foreign policy geared to

A

sovereignty of new state + exploit economic political + military state

33
Q

what were ardenauer’s key principles

A

stability / reliability / cooperation

34
Q

political restraints on new Western state

A

occupation statute April 1949 - occupying powers supervise trade

35
Q

what was Petersburg agreement

A

autumn 1949 w/ allied high commission - allow BRD to join Ruhr authority

36
Q

what was gained from Petersburg agreement ?

A
  • dismantling industry by allies limited

- BRD establish diplomatic relations w/ other states

37
Q

what was the ECSC

A

1951 Schumann plan w/6 members

-european coal + steel community - lift restrictions on imports/exports

38
Q

evidence of ECSC success

A

production of coal up 44% from 1952 levels

39
Q

what was signed in march 1957

A

treaty rome - western integration further - creates EEC

40
Q

evidence of EEC influence

A

85% west German agriculture in EEC

41
Q

what did the BRD seek in the EEC

A

political + economic influence - largest member

42
Q

another example of economic cooperation

A

GATT - 1948 reduce barriers in international trade - BRD in 1951

43
Q

why was the EDC made

A

fear of communism after 1950 Korean War BUT German rearmament feared so European integration on defence

44
Q

what was EDC

A

European defence committee

45
Q

when was EDC rejected by French parliament

A

1954

46
Q

what was signed instead of EDC

A

Paris treaties 1954

47
Q

military freedom allowed by Paris treaties evidence

A

national forces created Bundeswher

48
Q

evidence western integration in military through Paris treaties

A

NATO - BRD JOIN 1955

49
Q

when was basic law amended to allow bundeswher

A

nov 1955

50
Q

evidence of franco German relations improved by 1955

A

when 2/3 Saar request unification w. west in plebiscite - 1957 saar to west Germany as 11th land

51
Q

what did Carr say of BRD in 1955

A

‘seldom in history has a defeated power recovered so quickly’ - had freedom + sovereignty

52
Q

evidence western integration at end ardenaeur reign

A

1963 French German treaty before signation influences policy to 1989

53
Q

what was ardenaeur’s policy w/ east coined

A

magnet theory - strong west contrast east - 3 million refugees 1950

54
Q

evidence of west German hostility to east

A

derogatory language e.g. ‘drüben’

55
Q

what were stalin notes

A

during EDC negotiation march 1952 stalin send unification terms

56
Q

points on stalin notes

A

removal foreign troops germany

57
Q

ardenaeur stance on stalin notes

A

REJECTS
-germany a weak neutral prey to communist power
rejects on multiple occasions 1952 onwards

58
Q

but CA to Stalin’s intensions w/ Stalin notes

A

coincide w/ EDC negotiations = bluff to prevent remilitarisation

59
Q

On one hand - east germany cause separation

by 1955 what had the USSR released

A

‘two state theory’ - 2 sovereign German states - both represent nation

60
Q

what had changes about USSR’s policy on germany

A

-integrate DDR to Warsaw Pact - May 1955 - NATO offensive + DDR full sovereignty

61
Q

On other hand - west germany caused separation

A

-hallstein doctrine - ardenaeur refuse diplomatic relations w/ east + discourage many countries from recognising DDR

62
Q

what countries broke hall stein doctrine

A

yogoslavia 1952

history germany (42 decks)

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