why was ch out of office for so long Flashcards
(7 cards)
context of the 30s
dangerous time for britain
germnay led by ruthless dictator
japan wanted an empire in the far east and was threatning china
italy ruled by expantionist dictator
civil war in spain
communist regime in russia
eurose and usa in economic depression
b cabinet thought it would take 500 years for india to rule itself
why didnt he thrive in this context
in conflict with bulk of his own party an its leaders
he took up a seise of unpopular causes and spoke about them in increasiny reckless ways
he was isolated relying on small group of adviseres who were seen as ousideres and exentrics
in an age of radio his sppech style was seen as increasinly outdated
he was old and seemed to belong to a diffrent time-described in his autobigraphy my early life
1931 key issues were economic invesers needed a calm collected government
they remebered his per war speeches atacking conservitives
his failed galiopli campagin costing many lives
while he was chancellor of the exchequer he made a mistake in returning to the gold standard
when the conservitves joined with labors acdonald to form a national gov to deal with the financail situation their was no room for ch
the wall street crash personaly effected him loosing lots of savings he then began to write for a living -book on his ancstor malborugh to maintain his home in kent
he wrote hisorical and jornalistic peices
india
served n india as a young officer
took the late victorian view of india being the jewl in the crown
he took the view that british rule alone prevented domination of the hindu elites over the large numbe of indian musims
he aw british rule as ending what he saw a barbaric procsesses sati
he thought it ensured a good government and prevented corruptiona and futhermore protected the weak
he belived in racial supriorty of the anglo saxons
british rule in india
b rule was coming under increasing pressure in 20s and 30s from an indian population who wanted more self governance
this prseesure came from the educated elites
and from the mass population led by gandhi
dressing like a poor pesent he deveoped a satyagraha
he led a series of non violent protests
b responded with regresssion and reform
the rowletss act 1919 increased police powers by allowing imprisonment w out trial
montagu chelmsford 1919 gave locally elected concils some mesure of control over internal matters
consevitives felt theyd given too much while idnians though they didnt give enough
april 1919 gandhi led a mass campaign acaginst the rowletts act
troops fired on the protesting crowd at amristar around 5,000
400 killed
1200 wounded
gave indian nationalism huge numbers ofsupporters
there followed a mass civil disobedience campaign
late 20s the b gov faced calls for indipendence
1930 gandhi led a mass march to the sea
about salt tax
numeous arrest follwed
including gandhi
this sparked riots
the british then banned all public meetings as a respondep
Thousands gathered in a walled enclosure called Jallianwala Bagh. Dyer marched 90 Gurkha and India soldiers and without warning opened fire for 10-15 minutes.
the morning post in arepsode started the dryer fund making about £26?000
releced to atteed confrences in 1930 and 1931
The three Round Table Conferences of 1930–1932 were a series of peace conferences, organized by the British Government and Indian political personalities to discuss constitutional reforms in India. These started in November 1930 and ended in December 1932.
limited sucsess and was arested on his return
1933 b anncounde its inervations on allowing greater sel governance for india
paved the way for
government of india act 1935
ch reacted bitterly stating it was a crime
elected egislatrs to deal w local affairs
expanded electorate to 35m
ch views on indias indipendence moveent/public opinion
bitterly opposed
regarded ganhdi as a seditios fakier
fake holy man
this was a bad view as it seemed to be motivated by predudice
anzac nations got greater 1independece was still loyal in wwindipendece post ww1
india wa loyal and gave many lives
it did not seem a danger
he thought t was his personal duty to protect britain
he found himself alied with the reactionary eements f b
his public statements and his support od rcist eccentrict orgainsideations iosleted him futher
baldwin had calm sppeches that ttally undermind ch
1934he had bitter attcts n misters over indian reforms
even his former suporter leo amery said that ch had a unique achivemnt t sir up hornets were there were no norents
trying to make the secutary d india resign he thereted to shatter conservitive party
this gained him more ridiucle
when act was passed he invited a freind and political supporter of ganhdi to lunvh and said he wished india welll
make the rerfms a sucsess he said
abdication crisis
monarchy previosly stable
george v -1910-1936
he was seen as the first modern monarch
he led a respectable lifestyle
he was s solid suporter of war effort
he was reserved and aloof
David-his son was neurotic and unstable he had a reputation as a playboy
he did do his duty and serve in ww1 he also did inpereal tours
He liked older women-even married ones and for parties more typical of the roaing twenties than more formal gatherings
He also had a tendinsy to make off the cuff remarks-could be seen as political interfernce
rummor had it he was an admiriror of natzi germany
the main problem was his attraction to wallis simpson
an american divorecy who was re married to mr simpson
wether she was adventours or driven by the princes obsesive devotion is debated
However following her second divorce wanted to marry her
at this point he was now the king
this raised a constitutional issue as he was head of the chuch of england and was intern commited to defending its values-oposition to divorce
Novemebr 1936 baldwin told him that public opinion would not accpet her as queen
the king propsed a morgamatic marrige in which she would be consort
this would require parlimentary aproval in briatin and in the self governing dominions the cabinet did not approve
if he marrieed her t would mean a break away fromof the domions and resignation of the government
deceber 1936 he resigned.
