Wilkins Ch 1&2 Vocab

Question 1

diminished reactivity to specific antigen(s); inability to react to skin-test antigen (even if person is infected with the organism tested) because of immunosuppression.

Answer 1

anergy

Question 2

a state caused by the invasion, development, or multiplication of an infectious agent into the body

Answer 2

infection

Question 3

a soluble protein molecule produced and secreted by body cells in response to an antigen; it is capable of binding to that specific antigen.

Answer 3

antibody

Question 4

: a substance that is capable, under appropriate conditions, of inducing a specific immune response and of reacting with the products of that response, that is, with the specific antibody

Answer 4

antigen

Question 5

an individual who harbors pathogenic organisms without clinically recognizable symptoms; a carrier may infect those contracted.

Answer 5

asymptomatic carrier

Question 6

the act of self-determination by persons with the ability to make a choice or decision. exists for both the dental hygienist and the patient.

Answer 6

autonomy

Question 7

an arthropod, insect, or other living carrier in whose body the infecting organism multiplies before becoming infective to the recipient.

Answer 7

biologic vector

Question 8

continuing education unit; 1 unit commonly refers to 1 clock hour of instruction.

Answer 8

CEU

Question 9

the science of the prevention and treatment of oral disease through the provision of educational, assessment, preventive, clinical, and other therapeutic services in a collaborative working relationship with a consulting dentist, but without general supervision.

Answer 9

Collaborative practice of dental hygiene

Question 10

the skills, understanding, and professional values of an individual ready for beginning dental hygiene practice

Answer 10

competency

Question 11

postlicensure short-term educational experience for refresher, updating, and renewal; continueing education units may be required for relicensure

Answer 11

continuing education

Question 12

term used to describe the relationship between patient, dentist, and dental hygienist when coordinating the efforts to attain and maintain the oral health of the patient

Answer 12

cotherapist

Question 13

the science and practice of the prevention of oral diseases; the intergrated preventative and treatment services administered for a patient by a dental hygienist

Answer 13

dental hygiene care

Question 14

the interpretation of information from generalization to specific facts

Answer 14

deductive reasoning

Question 15

a laboratory test for antibody that is more specific than EIA and is used to validate seropositive reactions to the EIA

Answer 15

western blot

Question 16

identification of an existing or potential oral health problem that a dental hygienist is qualified and licensed to treat

Answer 16

dental hygiene diagnosis

Question 17

an organized systematic group of activities that provided the framework for delivering quality dental hygiene care

Answer 17

dental hygiene process of care

Question 18

injection by route other that the alimentary tract, such as subcutaneous, intramuscualr

Answer 18

parenteral

Question 19

dental health specialist whose primary concern is the maintenance of oral health and the prevention of oral disease

Answer 19

dental hygienist

Question 20

the services within the framework of the total treatment plan to be carried out by the dental hygienist, patient, and caregiver

Answer 20

dental hygiene care plan

Question 21

DHCW

Answer 21

Dental healthcare worker

Question 22

Direct supervision

Answer 22

Dentist has diagnosed and authorized the condition to be treated, remains on premises during procedure, and approves the work done before dismissal of the patient

Question 23

ELISA

Answer 23

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; lab test to detect antibody in blood serum

Question 24

Endemic

Answer 24

Constant presence of a disease or infectious agent within a geographic area

Question 25

Epidemic

Answer 25

Widespread occurrence of cases of an illness in a community or region

Question 26

Ethical dilemma

Answer 26

Problem that involves two morally correct choices or courses of action. May not be a single answer

Question 27

Ethics

Answer 27

Sense of moral obligation; system of moral principles

Question 28

Fidelity

Answer 28

The quality of being faithful | Keeping promises

Question 29

Fomite

Answer 29

Inanimate object or material on which disease-producing agents may be conveyed

Question 30

General supervision

Answer 30

Dentist has authorized the procedure for a patient of record but doesn't have to be present when it is carried out by a licensed DH

Question 31

Health

Answer 31

State of physical, mental, and social well-being, not only the absence of disease

Question 32

Health promotion

Answer 32

Process of enabling people to increase control and improve their health through self-care, mutual aid, and the creation of healthy environments

Question 33

Immunity

Answer 33

Resistance that a person had against disease; may be natural or acquired

Question 34

Incubation period

Answer 34

Time interval between initial contact with an infectious agent and the appearance of first sign or symptom of the disease

Question 35

Inductive reasoning

Answer 35

Reasoning from detailed facts to general principles

Question 36

antonym to dental healthcare worker

Answer 36

DHCW

Question 37

the dentist has diagnosed and authorized the condition to be treated, and remains on the premises while the procedure is performed, and approves the work performed

Answer 37

direct supervision

Question 38

Enzyme linked immunosuppressant assay; a lab test to detect antibody in the blood stream

Answer 38

ELISA

Question 39

the constant presence of a disease or infectious agent within a geographic area

Answer 39

endemic

Question 40

Virus particle made up of nucleoid and capsid

Answer 40

virion

Question 41

widespread occurrence of cases of an illness in a community or region

Answer 41

epidemic

Question 42

a problem that involves two morally correct choices or courses of action

Answer 42

ethical dilemma

Question 43

a sense of moral obligation; a system of moral principles that govern the conduct of a professional group

Answer 43

ethics

Question 44

value that means keeping promises

Answer 44

fidelity

Question 45

an inanimate object or material on which disease producing agents may be conveyed

Answer 45

fomites

Question 46

the dentist has authorized the procedure for a patient of record but need not be present when the authorized procedure is carried out

Answer 46

general supervision

Question 47

state of physical, mental, and social well being, not only the absence of disease

Answer 47

health

Question 48

the process of enabling people to increase control and improve thier health through self care, mutual aid, and the creation of healthy environments

Answer 48

health promotion

Question 49

the resistance that a person has against disease; it may be natural or aquired

Answer 49

immunity

Question 50

an action taken by a dental hygienist to maintain or restore a patient's optimal oral health

Answer 50

intervention

Question 51

the time interval between the initial contact with an infectious agent and the appearance of the first clinical sign or symptom of disease

Answer 51

incubation period

Question 52

the interpretation of information whereby specific facts form general inferences

Answer 52

inductive reasoning

Question 53

organism capable of producing an infection

Answer 53

infectious agent

Question 54

an artificially generated collection of particles suspended in air

Answer 54

aerosol

Question 55

persistent infection following a primary infection in which the causative agent remains inactive

Answer 55

latent infection

Question 56

acceptance for licensure by a regulatory body on the evidence from a license obtained in another state where equivalent standards and requirements are required

Answer 56

license by credential

Question 57

immunity either naturally attained by infection, with or without clinical manifestations, or artificially acquired by inoculation of the agent in a killed, modified, or variant form; in response, the body produces its own antibodies; usually lasts for years.

Answer 57

active immunity

Question 58

host not possessing resistance against an infectious agent

Answer 58

susceptible host

Question 59

suspension of particles in the air that consists partilally or wholly on microorganisms

Answer 59

microbial aerosols

Question 60

Passage of infectious agent by breast milk across placenta

Answer 60

vertical transmission

Question 61

the microscopic living organisms of a region

Answer 61

microbiota

Question 62

a principle or habit with respect to right or wrong behavior

Answer 62

moral

Question 63

avoidance of harm to others; a core value

Answer 63

nonmalficence

Question 64

capable of causing disease only when the host's resistance is lowered

Answer 64

opportunistic pathogen

Question 65

procedures for preservation of health of the oral cavity; personal maintainance of cleanliness and other measures recdommended by dental professionals

Answer 65

oral hygiene

Question 66

inflammation of the parotid gland

Answer 66

parotitis

Question 67

Degree of pathogenicity or disease-evoking power of infectious agent

Answer 67

virulence

Question 68

short-duration immunity either naturally attained by transplacental transfer from the mother or artificially acquired

Answer 68

passive immunity

Question 69

a virus, micororganism, or other substance that causes disease

Answer 69

pathogen

Question 70

by way of, or through the skin

Answer 70

percutaneous

Question 71

by way of or through a mucous membrane

Answer 71

permucosal

Question 72

While dentist is personally treating patient, hygienist is authorized to aid in treatment

Answer 72

Personal supervision

Question 73

Employs the techniques and agents to abort onset if disease, reverse progress of initial stages of disease, or to arrest the disease process before treatment becomes necessary

Answer 73

primary health care

Question 74

First time; no pre existing antibodies

Answer 74

primary infection

Question 75

Early or premonitory system

Answer 75

prodrome

Question 76

yellowness of skin, sclerae, mucous membranes, and excretions due to hyperbilirubinemia

Answer 76

jaundice

Question 77

Symptomatic reactivation of a latent infection

Answer 77

recurrent infection

Question 78

widespread epidemic usually affecting the population of an extensive region, several countries, etc

Answer 78

pandemic

Question 79

Process by which viruses reproduce and multiply

Answer 79

replication

Question 80

Virus with RNA as its core generic material; requires enzyme reverse transcriptase to convert its RNA into pro viral DNA

Answer 80

retrovirus

Question 81

After exposure to the etiologic agent of a disease, the blood changes from negative to positive for the serum marker for that disease

Answer 81

seroconversion

Question 82

Forecast of probable corse and outcome of treatment of a condition or disease

Answer 82

prognosis

Question 83

Identification of disease by serum markers of that specific conditions

Answer 83

serologic diagnosis

Question 84

Specific finding by laboratory blood analysis that identifies an existing disease state

Answer 84

serum marker

Question 85

STD

Answer 85

Sexually transmitted disease

Question 86

Presence of virus in body secretions, excretions, or in body surface lesions with potential for transmission

Answer 86

shedding (viral)

Question 87

Approach to infection control where all human blood and certain body fluids are treated as infectious

Answer 87

universal precautions

Question 88

Carrier that transfers infectious micros from one host to another

Answer 88

vector

Question 89

Substance or object serving as intermediate means by which infectious agent is transported and introduced into a susceptible host through port of entry

Answer 89

vehicle

Question 90

Legal relationship between dentist and dental team in practice

Answer 90

supervision

Question 91

Character trait

Answer 91

virtue

Question 92

Time between exposure resulting in infection and presence of detectable serum antibody

Answer 92

window period

Question 93

Sub cellular genetic entity capable of gaining entrance to living cells and replication within such cells

Answer 93

virus