Worry

Question 1

What is fear?

Answer 1

A state of tension or alarm in response to a serious threat

Question 2

What is anxiety?

Answer 2

A response to an unspecified threat

Question 3

When does anxiety become a disorder?

Answer 3

When it is:

Continuous, disabling, frequent, long-lasting, and readily triggered

Question 4

What % of people within the US suffer from an anxiety disorder?

Answer 4

15%

Question 5

What was anxiety once called?

Answer 5

Neuroses

Question 6

What did Freud believe neurosis was cause by?

Answer 6

The inability of the ego’s defence mechanisms to prevent or reduce anxiety causes by aroused unconscious conflicts

Question 7

How is anxiety recognised?

Answer 7

It is recognised as the central symptom of an anxiety disorder

Question 8

What are some basic characteristics of anxiety?

Answer 8

Faster breathing, tense muscles, rapid heart rate, nausea

Question 9

The Sympathetic nervous system prepares us for what?

Answer 9

Flight or fight

Question 10

The Parasympathetic nervous system prepares us for what?

Answer 10

Rest and digest

Question 11

What is trait anxiety?

Answer 11

Our general level of anxiety

Question 12

What is state anxiety?

Answer 12

The variation of our anxiety based on our situations

Question 13

What is a Phobic disorder?

Answer 13

A persistent unreasonable fear of a specific object, activity or situation

Question 14

What is agoraphobia?

Answer 14

Avoidance of public places

Question 15

What are some symptoms of anxiety of chronic & persistent anxiety?

Answer 15

Muscular tension, autonomic hyperactivity, vigilance & scanning

Question 16

What age group is mostly affected by anxiety of chronic & persistent anxiety?

Answer 16

Children

Question 17

What are some explanations of why we develop different phobias?

Answer 17

Socio-cultural
Psychoanalytical 
Humanism
Behavioural
Biological

Question 18

What is GAS associated with?

Answer 18

The anxieties feedback system which involves GABA

Question 19

What are some symptoms of panic disorders?

Answer 19

Palpitations, tingiling in hands and feed, short breath, sweating

Question 20

Describe how a panic attack occurs

Answer 20

They are discrete bouts of panic that occur abruptly and reach a peak within 10 mins

Question 21

What is the biological explanation of a panic attack?

Answer 21

Norepinephrine levels are high, and a drug that reduces it helps

Question 22

When does an obsessive compulsive disorder general begin?

Answer 22

Adolescence of early adulthood

Question 23

What % of people suffer with an obsessive compulsive disorder?

Answer 23

2%

Question 24

What is a compulsion?

Answer 24

Feeling compelled to perform a behaviour

Question 25

What are some common compulsions?

Answer 25

Cleaning, checking, order

Question 26

What are obsessions?

Answer 26

Thoughts or wishes

Question 27

What % of patients have obsessions and compulsions?

Answer 27

70%

Question 28

What is an explanation of excessive compulsive disorders? (Serotonin)

Answer 28

Serotonin could get increased and cause the behaviour. As when given a drug that reduces serotonin, the behaviour reduces.

Question 29

What is an explanation of an excessive compulsive disorder? (damage)

Answer 29

Damage to the orbital region. A compulsive patient who shot himself there experienced a dramatic decrease in symptoms

Question 30

What is a stressor?

Answer 30

The situation or event that sets the demands, constraints, and opportunities

Question 31

What is 'appraisal of stressor'?

Answer 31

The perception o the degree of demand

Question 32

What is the 'appraisal of the ability to cope'?

Answer 32

The individuals perception of his/her ability and resources to handle the demand

Question 33

Define stress

Answer 33

Stress is experienced when one appraises the stressor as exceeding ones coping abilities

Question 34

Describe our physical reaction to stress

Answer 34

The RAS part of the brain that focuses attention when in a crisis focuses on potential danger so feedback loop may be created

Question 35

What happens in our bodies when we see a threat?

Answer 35

Our adrenal glands release adrenaline, which diverts energy to muscles and away from longterm body maintenance

Question 36

What happens when we have increased adrenaline?

Answer 36

It interferes with our clear judgement results, and we see everything as a threat rather than a challenge to be sorted

Question 37

What happens if we continually release cortisol?

Answer 37

It can damage learning and memory and prevents new memories from being made

Question 38

What drug can slow ageing and can prevent some chronic health conditions but then declines after 20-30?

Answer 38

DHEA

Question 39

What kind of relationship for DHEA and Cortisol have ?

Answer 39

Inverse, as one increases the other decreases.

Question 40

What is an adjustment disorder?

Answer 40

Marked distress that is in excess of what is expected

Question 41

What kind of behaviour does an adjustment disorder involve?

Answer 41

Depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances, social withdrawal

Question 42

Describe the type of stressor that a post traumatic stress victim would have suffered

Answer 42

Where the stressor is an intensely traumatic event

Question 43

When does the reaction for a post traumatic stress disorder occur?

Answer 43

Immediately or within 3 months (Acute) or more than 6 months (delayed)

Question 44

What are some symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder?

Answer 44

Re-experiencing of events, difficulty concentrating, depression, irritability, alcohol/drugs

Question 45

What makes you more vulnerable to a post traumatic stress disorder?

Answer 45

If you have a pre-existing emotional or behavioural difficulties

Question 46

What is prolonged duress disorder?

Answer 46

Isn't necessarily about traumatic events, but a series of events that are accumulated, which is the cause of the trauma

Question 47

What is dissociative disorder?

Answer 47

It is the disturbance or alterations in the functions of identity, memory and consciousness.

Question 48

What is dissociative amnesia?

Answer 48

Extensive, but selective, memory loss in the absence of an organic change, not forgetfulness

Question 49

What is localised amnesia?

Answer 49

The individual fails to recall events that occurred during a particular period of time

Question 50

What is selective amnesia?

Answer 50

The person is able to recall some, but not all, of the evens during a particular period of time

Question 51

What is generalised amnesia?

Answer 51

A recall failure that encompasses the persons entire life (rare)

Question 52

What is continuous amnesia?

Answer 52

The inability to recall events subsequent to a specific time, up to and including the present

Question 53

What is systematised amnesia?

Answer 53

The loss of memory for categories of information e.g. particular memories of a person

Question 54

What is a dissociative fugue?

Answer 54

An unexpected travel away from home or work, to assume a new identity with an inability to recall previous identity

Question 55

What is dissociative identity disorder?

Answer 55

The assumption of alternative personalities, with each one having its own memories, values, behaviours etc

Question 56

With dissociative identity disorder when are new personalities likely to occur?

Answer 56

- Childhood

Question 57

What is dissociative identity disorder usually caused by?

Answer 57

Sexual abuse

Question 58

Why does the body adopt dissociative identity disorder?

Answer 58

As a form of protecting itself, another self to handle the stressor

Question 59

What is depersonalisation?

Answer 59

The change of self-perception, the sense of being temporarily lost or changed