WSET 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the White Grapes of Loire Valley

A

Sauvignon Blanc
Melon Blanc
Chenin Blanc

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2
Q

What are the Red Grapes of Loire Valley

A

Cabernet Franc
Gamay
Pinot Noir

For Rose
Can Sauvignon
Grolleau

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3
Q

What is the name of the hills of Nantais

A

Mauges Hills

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4
Q

What are the main regions of Loire Valley

A

CENTRAL VINEYARDS
Touraine
Nantias
Anjou-Saumur

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5
Q

What white wine is similar to Sancerre and Pouilly-Fume

A

Menetou-Salon

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6
Q

What regions in Loire produces the majority of Sauvignon Blanc

A

Touraine

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7
Q

Describe notes of Sauvignon Blanc in Loire Valley

A

Moderate to pronounced aromas, Green fruit, gooseberry, elderberry, grassy, steely, Herb

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8
Q

What is the climate of Loire Valley

A

Generally Cool |
Central Vineyards- Continental
Nantais - Maritime costal
Touraine - cooler wetter inland

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9
Q

What regions in Loire grow Sauvignon Blanc

A

Menetou-Salon
Sancerre
Pouilly-Fume
Touraine

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10
Q

What grape in Loire Valley can be made in various styles

A

Chenin Blanc

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11
Q

What are the regions that grow Chenin Blanc in Loire Valley

A
Central Vineyards 
Touraine - Vouvray
Saumur and Anjour
Savennieres
Coteaux du Layon
    Quarts de Chaume and
Bonnezeaux
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12
Q

What Loire regions create sparkling wines

A

Saumur and Anjou
Vouvray
Central Valley

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13
Q

Which regions of Loire Valley create sweet wines

A

Quarts de Chaume and Bonnezeaux
Coteaux du Layon
Anjou-Saumur
Central Vineyards

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14
Q

What grape makes sparkling and sweet wines of Loire Valley

A

Chenin Blanc

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15
Q

What regions of Loire grows MelonBlanc

A

Muscadet - Melon de Bourgogne
Muscader Sevre et Maine
Muscadet Sevre et Maine Sur Lie

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16
Q

Muscadet Sevre et Main Sur Lie Means

A

Aging on the Lees during winter

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17
Q

What are the regions of Loire Valley that grown Cabernet Franc

A
Saumur 
Champigny 
Touraine 
   Chinon
   Bourgueil
   Saint-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil
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18
Q

VOUVRAY is located in region

A

Touraine

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19
Q

What grape makes Menetou-Salon

A

Sauvignon blanc

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20
Q

What is the climate and soil of Touraine

A

Cool and clay soil.

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21
Q

What area of Loire produce sparkling wine

A

Central Vineyards
Vouvray
Saumur and Anjou

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22
Q

What region of Loire make sweet wines

A

Coteaux du Layon

Quarts de Chaume and Bonnezeaux

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23
Q

What Loire region is known for late harvest dry wines?

A

Savennieres

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24
Q

What are the white grapes of Loire

A

Sauvignon blanc *
Chenin blanc
Melon blanc

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25
Q

What are the red grapes of Loire

A

Cabernet Sauvignon *
Pinot Noir
Gamay

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26
Q

What grapes are used to make Cabernet d’Anjou rose wines

A

Cab France and Cab Sauvignon

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27
Q

What grape is used to make Rose d’Anjou

A

Grolleau and

Cab Franc

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28
Q

What are the Loire regions that make rose wines

A

Touraine
Sancerre
Anjou-Saumur

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29
Q

What area in Anjou makes high quality rose

A

Cabernet d’Anjou

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30
Q

What is the minimum amount of cab Franc blend in Anjou-Saumur rose

A

30% Cab Franc

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31
Q

What does the Gulfstream provides

A

warm breeze extending growing season for Bordeaux helping grapes ripen

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32
Q

What is the climate of Bordeaux

A

Moderate / Maritime with warning gulfstream

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33
Q

What Are the red grapes of bordEaux

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Petite Verdot
Cabernet Franc

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34
Q

What are the white grapes of Bordeaux.

A

Semillon
Sauvignon Blanc
Muscadelle

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35
Q

Dordogne white grapes are

A

Bordeaux grapes
Sauvignon blanc and
Semillon

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36
Q

In what region of Dordogne is the Bordeaux grapes grown

A

Bergerac

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37
Q

what is the Wine of Dordogne

A

Monbazillac Sweet botrytis

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38
Q

What techniques used in Bordeaux to protect from the excessive rainfalls

A

Canopy management and vintage variation.

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39
Q

Cru Bourgeois is awardees to what

A

Wines in a specific VINTAGE not Chateaux. New vintages have to qualify each year

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40
Q

What regions of Bordeaux grow Cabernet Sauvignon

A
Medoc >Bas Medoc
Haute Medoc
     St. Estephe
     Pauillac
     St Julien
     Margaux 
Graves > Pessac Leognan
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41
Q

What are the red grapes of South West France

A

Malbec
Merlot
Tannat

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42
Q

What are the WHITE grapes of South West France

A

Ugni Blanc

Petit Manseng

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43
Q

What grape is grown in Jurancon of SW France

A

Petit Manseng

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44
Q

What grape is used in COTES DE GASCOGNE wine of SW France

A

Ugni Blanc

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45
Q

What grape is grown in MADIRAN of SW France

A

Tannat

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46
Q

What grapes are grown in CAHORS of SW France and what are their notes

A

Malbec
Merlot
Tannat

Deep color, intense high tannin, dark berry fruit. Matured slowly with cedar earth notes. Ageworthy

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47
Q

What regions around the world grow Chenin blanc

A

South Africa: Swartland Paarl and Worcester
Argentina: Mendoza
Loire: Central Vineyards

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48
Q

What grape is grown in Bergerac

A

White and Red Bordeaux grapes

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49
Q

What grapes are grown in Monbazillac

A

Sauvignon Blanc and Semillon making botrytis sweet wines

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50
Q

Where is abandon located

A

Provence Southern France

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51
Q

What is the climate for SOUTHERN FRANCE

A

Warm / Mediterranean / Dry

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52
Q

Where is PICPOUL Grapes grown

A

Pinet Southern France

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53
Q

What are the red grapes if Southern France

A
Grenache and Syrah *
Carignan
Cinsaullt
Mourvèdre
Cab Sauvignon 
Merlot
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54
Q

What are the white grapes of Southern France

A

Chardonnay and Sauvignon blanc*
Muscat (sweet)
Grenache Blanc
Picpoul

Mauzac
Maccabeu
Rolle
Clairette

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55
Q

What grape is grown in Langeudoc

A

Clairette

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56
Q

What grape makes premium red wines in Bandol

A

Mourvèdre

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57
Q

What is the climate of Burgundy

A

Cool/ Continental North and Moderate/Continental South

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58
Q

What are the regions of Portugal

A

Dao (Cold)
Bairrada (Maritime)
Alentejo (Warm)
Douro (Hot)

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59
Q

What are the red grapes of Portugal

A
Touriga Nacional*
(Tinta Roriz, 
Jaen, and Alfrocheiro)
Aragones (Tempranillo)
Alicante Bouschet
Baga 
Trincadeira
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60
Q

What are the white grapes of Portugal

A

Loureiro and Arinto *
Alvarinho
Antao Vaz and Roupeiro

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61
Q

What grape provides the largest production of wines in Portugal

A

Vino Regional Alenteljano

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62
Q

What is the climate & conditions in Loire Valley

A
Cool / Continental 
Central Vineyards- Continental inland
Touraine- cooler maritime. 
Anjou- Saumur - Dry warmer
Nantais - maritime. Coastal cooling MAUGES HILL
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63
Q

What are the climate of Loire Valley

A
Cool/ Continental.  
Central Vineyards- Continental; 
Nantais - maritime;
Touraine - cooler maritime, wetter
Anjou-Saumur - Dry and warm
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64
Q

Climate for Southern Rhône

A

Warm Mediterranean

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65
Q

Climate & Conditons for Burgundy

A
North Cool/Continental
South Moderate/Continental 
Rainfall, grey Rot, spring frost, summer hailstorms
Premium vines on mid-slopes
Hillside soil drain excess water
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66
Q

Climate and conditions for Alsace

A

Cool to Moderate /Continental
Vosges Mt rainshadow causing dry autumns and sunny summers. High ripening grapes
Drought risk

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67
Q

Climate/conditions for New York

A

Cold/Continental

Grows mostly America and hybrid grapes

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68
Q

Climate/Conditions for Germany

A

Cool / Continental
Wet summers, No autumn rain
Long ripening period high sugar grapes while retaining acidity
NoBle Rot and botrytis wines in every region. Head prune and canes for sun exposure

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69
Q

Climate/Conditions for Austria

A

Cool/Continental
Alpes / Short Summers and harsh winters
Easternly winds WARM Vineyards near Hungary boaders
Low during all shift in north

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70
Q

Climate/ Conditions for South West France

A

Warm
River btw regions
Vineyard planted on either slopes, plateau or bottom fertile valley

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71
Q

Climate for Dordogne

A

Moderate / Less maritime than Bordeaux

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72
Q

Climate for Northern Italy

A

Moderate/Dry Summers
Alpes foothills and River Po plains
Pergola (used for grapes for sparkling wines) trellising canopy trained High and fruit hang low avoiding sunburn

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73
Q

Climate for Oregon

A

Moderate / Continental
Cool breeze from Pacific Ocean
Cascade Mt

74
Q

What is the climate for Bordeaux

A

Moderate/maritime

gulfstream warm breeze

75
Q

Climate for Washington State

A

Warm / Continental

Sunny days and cool nights help retain acidity. River water irrigation winter freeze issues

76
Q

Climate for Northern Rhône

A

Moderate / Continental

Mistral Winds, cooler than southern Rhône

77
Q

Climate for New Zealand

A

Moderate / Maritime

Cool sea breeze nights and long sunlight hours causing long ripening period that increase sugar but and retains acid

78
Q

Climate for Beaujolais

A

Warmer /Semi-Continental

Granite soil concentrates the wine by having low nutrients, limiting yield

79
Q

Climate for Australia

A

Warm to Hot/ Continental
Cooled by Indian Ocean or Murray River
Low rainfall, drought risk, bush fire risk
irrigation needed from river

80
Q

Climate for USA California

A

Warm/Maritime
With cooling Ocean current
Low nighttime temps and sun warming days. Grapes struggle to ripen. Lack of rainfall. Drip irrigation

81
Q

What is the climate of Portugal

A

Hot / Dry / Continental.

Atlantic Ocean creates maritime climate. Different wind styles regulate the temp

82
Q

Climate for Argentina

A

Hot / Desert
Protected by the Andres Mt and the Pampas
Central parts - on foothills producing high quality wines like LUJAN DE CUYO
UCO VALLEY highest level Vineyards, high quality

83
Q

Climate for Portugal

A

Hot / Dry / Continental Inland
Atlantic Ocean gives Maritime climate
Altitude helps and different wind styles assist with regulating temp

84
Q

Climate for Spain

A

3 climate zones
North/northwest - Moderate/Maritime
East Coast - Warm/Mediterranean
MESETA Central - Hot / Continental, plateau circled by mountains cutting the sea breeze

85
Q

Climate for central Italy

A

Hot / Continental with cool coastal breeze

APENNINE MT covers region.

86
Q

Climate for Southern Italy

A

Hot / dry / Continental
Near puglia. Hot dry inland and humid coastal Area
Vineyards planted on slopes of the Apennine protected from the heat. Sea breeze cools in the flatter puglian peninsula

87
Q

Which region of Dordogne make BOTRYTIS sweet wines

A

Monbazillac

88
Q

Climate conditions for South Africa

A

Hot / Desert Dry
Benguela current cools coastal areas.
Strong summer winds from Cape Doctor cooling region

89
Q

What happens during El Niño in Chile

A

Rainfall increases

90
Q

What happens during La Niña in Chile

A

Drought

91
Q

What causes the cooling of the inland areas in Chile

A

Humboldt current

92
Q

What regions are protected by the Alpes Mts

A

Austria

Northern Italy

93
Q

What regions are protected by the Vosges Mountain

A

Alsace

94
Q

What regions are effected by the PYRENEES

A

Spain: Navarra
South West France: Madiran and Jurancon
Southern France

95
Q

What regions are effected by the Mistral Winds

A

Southern Rhône
Northern Rhône
Southern France / Provence

96
Q

What are the 3 native grape varieties of Greece 🇬🇷

A

AGIORGITKO
XINOMAVRO
ASSYRTIKO

97
Q

What is the grape and wine style of the NAOUSSA PDO of Greece

A

XINOMAVRO > Red wines
Compared to Nebbiolo. High tannins and acidity, medium color-tawny, lack fruit aromas with young. Develops spice and earthy aromas with age.

98
Q

What is the grape and wine style of the SANTORINI PDO of Greece

A

ASSYRTIKO > Red and Whites wines.
Dry and sweet styles; High reputation; Perfume, ripe citrus, stone fruit, high acid.
Late harvest grapes sun-dried 14 days then ages 2yrs min. in old oak

99
Q

What is the grape and wine style of the NEMEA region of Greece

A

AGIORGITKO > Red wines.

Best wines are deep color, high tannin, low to moderate acidity, sweet spice, red fruit flavors. Ageworthy.

100
Q

Which Greece region and grape makes sweet wines.

A

Santorini / Assyrtiko grape

101
Q

Greece’s sweet wine is known as

A

Vinsanto

102
Q

What the PDOs of Greece

A

Nemea
Naoussa
Santorini

103
Q

Central Italy climate and conditions

A

Regions dominated by APENNINE Mountain where grapes planted in hills and valleys with altitude moderating the hot climate. Coastal cool sea breeze

104
Q

What are the regions of central Italy

A
Tuscany
Umbria
Kazoo
Marche
Abruzzo
105
Q

What is the dominant grape of central Italy

A

Sangiovese

106
Q

What central Italy region can make high quality wines from Sub-zones and can appear on the label

A

Chianti DOCG

107
Q

How long must Chianti Classico Riserva DOCG wines age before it can be released to public

A

24 months of which 3 months must be time in bottle

108
Q

What is the highest designation for Chianti Classico DOCG

A

Gran Selezione - grapes must come from Single estate and aged 6 months longer than riserva / 30 months

109
Q

What the best AOPs of south Tuscany

A

Brunello di Montalcino and

Vino Nobile di Montepulciano

110
Q

Brunello di Montalcino minimum years for Ageing

A

5 years and 💯 Sangiovese

111
Q

What are the names of the Tuscany wines that have been declassified due to poor vintage and young vines.

A

Rosso di Montalcino and Rosso di Montepulciano

112
Q

The super Tuscan Original wine was made from what grape

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

113
Q

What appellations permit wines to be made with non-Italian 🍇 Cab-Sauvignon Merlot and Syrah.

A

Bolgheri and Maremma Toscana DOC

114
Q

What grapes are blended in Orvieto white wine of Umbria

A

Grechetto* and Trebbiano

Cool fermentation in stainless steel

115
Q

Umbria most prestigious red wine

A

SAGRANTINO di Montefalco

116
Q

What grapes are blended to make Frascati wine from Lazio

A

Malvasia and Trebbiano

117
Q

What is the best wine known in Lazio

A

Frascati DOC

Fresh unoaked citrus and Malvasia has floral orange blossom aromas

118
Q

What is the know white wine of MARCHE

A

VERDICCHIO desi Castillo di Jedi DOC

119
Q

What is the red WINE of Marche in central Italy

A

CONERO blend of Montepulciano and Sangiovese

120
Q

Abruzzo is famous for which black grape

A

MONTEPULCIANO d’Abruzzo is the wine

121
Q

What are the regions of Southern Italy

A

Campania
Basilicata
Puglia
Sicily

122
Q

Climate and conditions of Southern Italy

A

Hot and Dry Inland

Humid near the coast. Vineyards planted on slopes of Apennines providing relief from heat. Sea breeze cool vineyards.

123
Q

What white grapes are grown in the Southern Italy region, Campania

A

FIANO (Fiano di Avellino DOCG) and GRECO (Greco di Tudor DOCG)

124
Q

What is the most prestigious black grape of Campania the name of the wine made

A

AGLIANICO | Taurasi DOCG red wine

High acidity high tannin deep color matured in oak and can age in bottle developing earthy forest floor notes

125
Q

What is the best wine of BASILICATA and the grape it’s made with

A

AGLIANICO del Vulture DOC.

Mountainous, grapes planted high on volcanic mount Vulture

126
Q

What black grape dominates PUGLIA hot climate region

A

NEGROAMARO and PRIMITIVO (Zinfandel).

Negro is high quality full body, med tannins and acidity, high alcohol bashed red / black fruit

127
Q

The best NEGROAMARO grape comes from of south Italy

A

SALICE SALENTINO DOC

128
Q

What is the dominant black grape of Sicily

A

NERO d’AVOLA

129
Q

What are the international wines grown in Sicily

A

Chardonnay and Syrah*

130
Q

What small appellation of SICILY produce some if the best wines

A

ETNA DOC

131
Q

What grapes are blended to make ETNA DOC

A

Nerello Mascalese and Nerello Cappuccio

132
Q

What territory of Sicily grows vast Amt of grapes

A

Sicilia/Terre Siciliane or

Sicilia DOC if lower yields

133
Q

Black grapes of Spain

A

Tempranillo *
Monastrell
Grenache Tinta

Graciano
Mazuelo
Carinena
Mencia

134
Q

Key White grapes of Spain

A
Verdejo
Sauvignon Blanc
Albariño
Airen 
Viura (Macabeo)
135
Q

What grapes in Spain/Catalunya are used for CAVA sparkling wines

A

Parallada
Xarel-lo
Macabeo

136
Q

The international wines of Spain

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Sauvignon Blanc
Chardonnay

137
Q

What are 6 grouped geographical regions of Spain

A
UPPER EBRO
CATALUNYA
DUERO
NORTH WEST
LEVANTE
CASTILLA-LA MANCHA
138
Q

UPPER EBRO sub-regions of Spain

A

Rioja
Navarra
Carinena
Calatayud

139
Q

CATALUNYA sub-regions of Spain

A

Priorat

Penedes

140
Q

DUERO VALLEY sub-regions of Spain

A

Ribera del Duero
Toro
Rueda

141
Q

NORTH WEST sub-regions of Spain

A

RIAS Baixas

Bierzo

142
Q

LEVANTE sub-regions Of Spain

A

Valencia

Jumilla and Yecla

143
Q

CASTILLA-LA-MANCHA sub regions of Spain

A

La Mancha

Valdepenas

144
Q

Match the grape and region of Greece
A. Naoussa
B. Nemea
C. Santorini

  1. Assyrtiko
  2. Xinomavro
  3. Agiorgitiko
A

Nemea - Agiorgitiko
Santorini - Assyrtiko
Naoussa - Xinomavro

145
Q

Wine serving temperatures

A

6-8>Well chilled sweet wines *Sauternes
6-10>Well chilled *Sparkling wines
7-10>Chilled light-med. body whites *Muscadet
10-13>Lightly chilled med.-full body whites *Fume Blanc
13>Chilled reds *Beaujolais
15-18>Room Temp med.-full body reds *Shiraz

146
Q

What process guarantees microbiological stability

A

Sterile filtration which kills the microorganism that develops from yeast and bacteria in wine.

147
Q

Climate conditions for Chile

A
Warm/ Mediterranean 
Dry sunny growing season. No fungal disease.  Less rainfall.  Irrigation needed
El Niño-rainfall increase 
La Nina-drought, 
Humboldt-current Cool breeze inland
148
Q

Red Grapes of Bordeaux

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Cab Franc
Petit Verdot

149
Q

White wines of Bordeaux

A

Sauvignon blanc

Chardonnay

150
Q

In what regions is Bergerac located

A

Dordogne

151
Q

In what regions is Bio Bio located

A

Chile

152
Q

In what regions is Baja located

A

Spain

153
Q

In what regions is Bierzo located

A

Spain

154
Q

In what regions is Barsac located

A

Bordeaux Sauternes

155
Q

In what regions is Boutenac located

A

Southern France

156
Q

What grapes make the Monbazillac wine of Dordogne

A

Semillon and Sauvignon blanc

157
Q

What style wine is Monbazillac and what region

A

Sweet wine of Dordogne

158
Q

What grapes are planted in Cahors and where is it located

A

Malbec (most important)
Merlot
Tannat

Located in South West France

159
Q

Cornas red wine of Northern Rhône is made of

A

100% Syrah

160
Q

What are the appellation that produce Rose wines in Southern Rhône and from what blended grapes.

A

Tavel and Lirac from

Grenache and Cinsualt blended

161
Q

What are the villages of Mosel

A

Piesport
Berkastel
Wehlen

162
Q

What regions make sparkling wines

A

Mosel

163
Q

What is the village of Nahe

A

Schossbockelheim

Bad kreuznach

164
Q

Regions of 🇩🇪 Germany

A
Mosel
Pfalz
RHEINGAU
Rheinhessen
Baden
Franken
165
Q

What villages are in RHEINGAU

A

Johannisberg

Rudesheim

166
Q

What villages are in Pfalz

A

Forst

Deidesheim

167
Q

Where are the best vineyards of Baden planted

A

Volcano Kalserstuhl south facing slopes

168
Q

What grape is most planted in Baden

A

Spatburgunder

169
Q

Sparkling wine sweetness levels

A
Brut Nature 0-3 gl
Extra Brut 0-6 gl
Brut 0-12 gl
Extra Sec 12-17 gl
Sec 17-32 gl
Demi Sec 32-50 gl
Doux 50+ gl
170
Q

What are the grapes used to make PORT wine

A
TOURIGA Franca
TOURIGA NACIONAL
Tinta barroca 
Tinta cao 
Tinta RORIZ
171
Q

What the 3 subregions on Portugal that produce port wine

A

Baixo Corgo. (Lightest wines)
Cima Corgo
Douro Superior (top quality)

172
Q

Fortification stops fermentation once alcohol reaches what percent?

A

5-9% abv with only 24-36 hours to ferment

173
Q

What are the techniques used to extract color and tannins in port wines

A

Foot treading
Autovinifiers
Piston plungers and robotic lag area

174
Q

Palomino grape makes what style sherry

A

Dry sherry, low acid

175
Q

Pedro Ximenez grape makes what style sherry

A

Sweet sherry, sun dried grapes

176
Q

Muscat grape makes what style sherry

A

Sweet sherry

177
Q

Santorini use what technique to protect grapes from strong winds

A

Basket training system

178
Q

What is lieux-dits

A

Number of named sites of Hermitage that are not a part of the appellation system

179
Q

What is Vins de garage

A

Incredible full body wines of the Right bank made in tiny amounts from small plots soaring no expense

180
Q

Garagista

A

Name of the winemaker

181
Q

Dordogne: How and with what grapes is Monbazillac made

A

BOTRYTIS sweet wine made with SEMILLON and Sauvignon Blanc gapes