YR10 Cells - Topic Test 1

Question 1

Cell Membrane

Answer 1

Surrounds the cell and controls the passage of substances into and out of the cell.

Question 2

Cell Wall

Answer 2

Found outside the cell membrane in only plant cells and provides support for the cell.

Question 3

Chloroplast

Answer 3

Found in plant cells. Contain chlorophyll that absorbs light for photosynthesis.

Question 4

Cytoplasm

Answer 4

Where most of the chemical reactions take place in a cell and includes everything inside the cell except the nucleus.

Question 5

Mitochondria

Answer 5

Where aerobic respiration takes place, converts ATP into glucose, this process is known as respiration

Question 6

Nucleus

Answer 6

Contains DNA and controls cell activities

Question 7

Ribosomes

Answer 7

Where protein synthesis occurs.

Question 8

Vacuole

Answer 8

Found in plant cells. Contain a fluid called cell sap Stores fluids, nutrients and waste.

Question 9

Cell

Answer 9

Basic unit that makes up all living things

Question 10

Chlorophyll

Answer 10

Green substance found inside chloroplasts. It allows a plant to photosynthesize make its own food.

Question 11

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 11

Controls what goes in and out of the cell. Proteins are made here

Question 12

Two things found in a plant cell that isn’t in an animal cell

Answer 12

Cell wall and chloroplast

Question 13

How does the shape of a plant cell differ from that of an animal cell?

Answer 13

A plant cell has a cell wall which helps it maintain a rigid structure whereas an animal cell has no cell wall

Question 14

Photosynthesis Formula

Answer 14

carbon dioxide + water + light energy = oxygen + glucose

Question 15

Respiration Formula

Answer 15

glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water + ATP energy

Question 16

similarities of a plant and animal cell

Answer 16

vacuoles, cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, ribsomes, golgi body

Question 17

differences of a plant and animal cell

Answer 17

vauoles are noticably bigger in a plant cell, plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplast

Question 18

difference between cytosol and cytoplasm

Answer 18

cytosol is a jelly-like substance that surrounds the organelles whereas cytoplasm is everything inside the cell except the nucleus

Question 19

what is DNA

Answer 19

stands for deoxyribonuleic acid and they code the making of proteins

Question 20

nucleolus

Answer 20

found inside the nucleus, in charge of making proteins in the nucleus

Question 21

difference between rough and smooth ER

Answer 21

rough ER has ribosomes attached. smooth ER creates lipids needed by the cell

Question 22

why are lysosomes important

Answer 22

they are filled with acid enzymes and absorb unwanted substances in the cell and break them down

Question 23

difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Answer 23

prokaryotic cells have no nucleus circular DNA and no membrance bound organelles (bacteria) whereas eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, linear DNA and membrane bound organelles (animals and humans)

Question 24

respiration key factors

Answer 24

happens all the time, occurs in the mitochondria, happens in all cells

Question 25

light dependent stage

Answer 25

light energy splits water to form oxygen and hydrogen

Question 26

light independent stage

Answer 26

the hydrogn combines with carbon dioxide to form glucose, a simple sugar made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 27

two stages of photosynthesis

Answer 27

light dependent stage and light independent stage

Question 28

anaerobic respiration

Answer 28

when there is no oxygen available, cells can obtain energy through this process e.g. fermentation (alcohol)

Question 29

lactic acid fementation

Answer 29

occurs when oxygen isn't available. occurs in animals and humans, also has 2 ATP molecules

Question 30

ATP

Answer 30

adenosine triphosphate

Question 31

alcohol femenation

Answer 31

occurs in yeasts and some bacteria. produces alcohol and carbon dioxide (which is used to form ATP). glucose - pyruvic acid - alcohol + carbon dioxide + water

Question 32

aerobic respiration

Answer 32

glucose + oxygen - 36 ATP + carbon dioxide + water

Question 33

where does the light dependent stage occur

Answer 33

thylakoid

Question 34

where does the light independent stage occur

Answer 34

stroma

Question 35

independant variable

Answer 35

what you deliberatly change

Question 36

dependant variable

Answer 36

what is measured (CO2)

Question 37

controlled variable

Answer 37

what is kept the same (amount of water)

Question 38

which flask has the most carbon dioxide

Answer 38

the one with the plastic plant and fish because the fish is breathing out co2 and the plant is fake so it can't intake the co2

Question 39

which flask has the most oxygen

Answer 39

the one with only pond weed because respiration is occuring in the plant meaning oxygen is being made and theres nothing else in the flask to use up the oxygen

Question 40

in aerobic celluar respiration, what three major steps are involved?

Answer 40

glycolysis, krebs cycle and electron transport chain

Question 41

glycolysis respiration happens in the what

Answer 41

cytoplasm

Question 42

krebs cycle and the electron transport chain occur in the what

Answer 42

mitochondria

Question 43

centrioles

Answer 43

Centrioles are paired barrel-shaped organelles located in the cytoplasm of animal cells They play a role in organising microtubules that serve as the cell's skeletal system.

Question 44

golgi apparatus

Answer 44

an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells packages proteins into membrane-bound vesicles inside the cell before the vesicles are sent to their destination.

Question 45

organelle

Answer 45

is a membrane bound structure found within a cell.

Question 46

plant cell

Answer 46

eukaryotic cells present in green plants

Question 47

animal cell

Answer 47

type of eukaryotic cell that lacks a cell wall. It has a true, membrane-bound nucleus along with other cellular organelles.

Question 48

bacterial cell

Answer 48

Bacteria are prokaryotes, lacking well-defined nuclei and membrane-bound organelles, and with chromosomes composed of a single closed DNA circle. They come in many shapes and sizes