zacerca de Español - Continuous Forms of the Verb Flashcards
(24 cards)
The sausages are burning!
1-present indicative
2-present continuous
¡Que se queman las salchichas!
¡Que se están quemando las salchichas!
[Hold this card horizontally]
Conjugate in the present continuous:
hablar
comer
vivir
estoy hablando estoy comiendo estoy viviendo
estás hablando estás comiendo estás viviendo
está hablando está comiendo está viviendo
estamos hablando estamos comiendo estamos viviendo
estáis hablando estáis comiendo estáis viviendo
están hablando están comiendo están viviendo
1- I was talking to Mario / I used to talk to Mario
vs
2- I was talking to Mario (but not “I used to talk to
Mario.”)
1-Yo hablaba con Mario
2-estaba hablando con Mario
—What are you doing? —I’m reading this magazine
- —Pres. Indic.? —Pres. Indic.
- —Pres. Contin.? —Pres. Contin.
- —¿Qué haces? —Leo esta revista
- —¿Qué estás haciendo? —Estoy leyendo esta
revista
The other man is sitting in a chair. He is smoking.
First sentence in Pres. Contin.
Second sentence in
• P.I.
• P.C.
El otro hombre está sentado en un sillón. Fuma.
Don’t bother me; I’m working.
Why?
No me molestes; estoy trabajando.
[Spoken Spanish prefers the continuous form if the action has already begun.]
He <wasn’t believing> a word of what she said.
No estaba creyendo nada de lo que ella decía.
Some verbs which denote inner states or “invisible”
actions may appear in the continuous form in Spanish, though not in English.
<i> we’re going to end badly.</i>
<Estoy> que vamos a acabar mal.
Some verbs which denote inner states or "invisible"
actions may appear in the continuous form in Spanish, though not in English.
</Estoy>
He insists that <he> to meet you.</he>
Asegura que está deseando conocerte.
Some verbs which denote inner states or “invisible”
actions may appear in the continuous form in Spanish, though not in English.
You <deserve> (i.e. are asking for) a slap.</deserve>
Te <estás> una bofetada.</estás>
Some verbs which denote inner states or “invisible”
actions may appear in the continuous form in Spanish, though not in English.
<I’m afraid> (s)he’s going to arrive late.
Estoy temiendo que va a llegar tarde.
Some verbs which denote inner states or “invisible”
actions may appear in the continuous form in Spanish, though not in English.
my belly aches/my belly is aching
me duele la barriga
/
<está> la barriga
</está>
Normally he wears a red tie but today <he’s wearing> a blue tie.
Continuous or Indicative?
Normalmente lleva una corbata roja, pero hoy <lleva> una corbata azul.</lleva>
The continuous is not used to describe states rather than actions (English often allows the progressive form in describing states.)
Three chandeliers <were> from the roof.</were>
Continuous or Imperfect?
Tres arañas de luces colgaban del techo.
The continuous is not used to describe states rather than actions. (English often allows the progressive form in describing states.)
what’s <lacking> is...</lacking>
Continuous or Indicative? Why?
lo que <falta> es...</falta>
The continuous is not used to describe states rather than actions.
The moon <was> on the waves</was>
la luna <brillaba> las olas</brillaba>
The continuous is not used to describe states rather than actions.
<(s)he’s looking> tired
<parece> cansada
The continuous is not used to describe states rather than actions.
</parece>
Isn’t the honeysuckle <smelling> good today!</smelling>
Continuous or Indicative? Why?
¿Qué bien huele la madreselva hoy!
The continuous is not used to describe states rather than actions.
Where are they <going>?</going>
Continuous or Indicative? Why?
¿Adónde <van>?</van>
The continuous is not used with estar, poder, haber,
or, preferably, with <ir>, venir, regresar, volver, or andar</ir>
(S)he’s <coming> now.</coming>
Continuous or Indicative? Why?
<Viene> ahora. [venir]
The continuous is not used with
<estar>, poder, haber,
ir, venir, regresar, volver, or andar
</estar></Viene>
You<’re being> stupid today
Continuous or Indicative? Why?
<Estás> estúpido hoy [estar]
~~~
The continuous is not used with
estar, poder, haber,
ir, venir,
regresar, volver, or
andar
~~~
</Estás>
they were lying down
- (s)he was sitting down
- (s)he was in the process of sitting down
- (s)he used to sit down
estaban tumbados
Finite forms of verbs that describe physical position or posture can refer only to an action, never a state.
• ‘he was sitting down’ almost always means
‘estaba sentado’..he was seated.
• ‘estaba sentándose’..(s)he was in the process of
sitting down
• ‘se sentaba’..(s)he used to sit down
(S)he was bending down [in the posture of]
(S)he was bending down [in the process of]
estaba agachada
estaba agachandose
Finite forms of verbs that describe physical position or posture can refer only to an action, not a state.
• ‘estaba agachada..(s)he was bending [bent] down.
• ‘estaba agachandose’..(s)he was in the process of
bending down
• se agachaba..(s)he used to bend down
Irregularly formed present participles
-er and -ir verbs whose stem ends in a vowel (eg, leer, influir) form the present participle with -yendo.
atraer…atrayendo construir…construyendo
caer…cayendo contribuir…contribuyendo
contraer…contrayendo destruir…destruyendo
creer…creyendo fluir…fluyendo
leer…leyendo huir(flee)…huyendo
poseer…poseyendo incluir…incluyendo
raer(scrape)…rayendo ir…yendo
traer…trayendo &c oir…oyendo &c
