03- consonant articulation and transcription

Question 1

is airflow continuous in vowels or consonants?

Answer 1

vowels

Question 2

is airflow constricted in consonants or vowels?

Answer 2

consonants

Question 3

what are the features used to identify consonants?

Answer 3

voicing, place of artic, manner of artic

Question 4

what is voicing

Answer 4

the timing of the onset of vocal fold vibration for a consonant

Question 5

what is created when the vocal folds vibrate during the consonant

Answer 5

voicing

Question 6

what is the place of articulation

Answer 6

where the modification of the airstream takes place for a consonant

Question 7

places of articulation

Answer 7

labia (bilabial and labiodental), interdental, alveolar, palatal, velar, glottal

Question 8

manners of articulation

Answer 8

stop, fricative, affricate, nasal, glide, liquid

Question 9

what is manner of articulation

Answer 9

the way in which the airstream is modified to produce a consonant

Question 10

what are stops

Answer 10

produced by completely obstructing the airstream within the oral cavity

Question 11

what is intraoral pressure and how is it made

Answer 11

air pressure behind the obstruction within the oral cavity; by air being held back

Question 12

what are the english stops

Answer 12

bilabial: /p, b/
alveolar: /t, d/
velar: /k ,g/

Question 13

how are nasals produced

Answer 13

produced by lowering the velum while completely obstructing the airstream within the oral cavity

Question 14

are nasal consonants voiced or voiceless

Answer 14

all are voiced

Question 15

what are the English nasals

Answer 15

bilabial: /m/
alveolar: /n/
velar: /ŋ/

Question 16

how are fricatives produced

Answer 16

by forcing the breath stream through a narrow channel or constriction in the vocal tract

Question 17

what are the english fricatives

Answer 17

labiodental: /f, v/
interdental: /θ, ð/
alveolar: /s, z/
palatal: /ʃ, ʒ/
glottal: /h, /

Question 18

how are affricates produced

Answer 18

combo of stop and a fricative; stop is released into the constriction typical of a fricative

Question 19

what are the english affricates

Answer 19

palatal: /tʃ, dʒ/

Question 20

what are approximants and how are they produced

Answer 20

liquids and glides; minor constrictions in the vocal tract

Question 21

how are glides produced

Answer 21

with a gliding motion of the articulators

Question 22

syllable position of glides

Answer 22

always prevocalic (onset)

Question 23

how are liquids produced

Answer 23

approximants produced with a stable articulatory setting

Question 24

english glides

Answer 24

labiovelar: / , w/
palatal: / , j/

Question 25

english liquids

Answer 25

alveolar: / , l/
palatal: / , r/