04 - Lecture 20 Flashcards
(19 cards)
Intercellular vs intracellular?
Inter - Cell to cell
Intra - Self
Endocrine?
Hormones released within the blood
Autocrine?
Released and acts on self
Paracrine?
Cell to cell
Neuronal signaling?
Nerve to the synaptic gap to the cell
Contact signaling?
Need to have direct contact
4 features of signal transduction?
1) Specification
2) Amplification
3) Desensitization/Adaptation
4) Integration
Steroid receptor?
A hydrophobic molecule goes into the nucleus, binds to a receptor, and regulates gene expression of specific genes
Gated ion channel?
Opens or closes in response to concentration
Receptor enzyme?
Ligand binds to extracellular domain which stimulates the intracellular domain
- Ex. Insulin receptor
Do hydrophobic or hydrophilic things like to be in the membrane?
Hydrophobic things do. Ex is steroids
Are steroids quick?
Big bulky guy on steroids is slow.
2 types of gated ion channels?
Ligand or voltage gated
Ligand gated channel?
Binding of neurotransmitter opens channel. Acetylcholine opens the Na channel
What is the role of the insulin receptor and insulin?
Insulin receptor - metabolic regulation
Insulin - regulates the storage and use of glucose and fat
What is hydrophobic and can cross the plasma membrane?
Steroids
Thyroid, Vitamin D
cGMP is important for what?
Relaxation of smooth muscle, platelet aggregation and regulation of the blood pressure
Path of muscle relaxation?
NO diffuse to adjacent smooth muscle which activates guanylate cyclase resulting in an increase in cGMP = relaxing the muslce
Path of muscle relaxation?
NO diffuse to adjacent smooth muscle which activates guanylate cyclase resulting in an increase in cGMP = relaxing the muscle
