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Anatomy & Physiology > 1 Anatomical Terms, Planes, Cavities > Flashcards

1 Anatomical Terms, Planes, Cavities Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomical position

A

body is erect, with head and toes pointed forward and arms hanging at the sides with palms facing forward

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2
Q

abdominal

A

the anterior body trunk region inferior to the ribs

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3
Q

the anterior surface of the elbow

A

Antecubital

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4
Q

Antecubital

A

the anterior surface of the elbow

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5
Q

Axillary

A

the armpit

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6
Q

the armpit

A

Axillary

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7
Q

Brachial

A

The arm

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8
Q

The arm

A

Brachial

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9
Q

Buccal

A

the cheek

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10
Q

the cheek

A

Buccal

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11
Q

Carpal

A

the wrist

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12
Q

the wrist

A

Carpal

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13
Q

Cervical

A

The neck region

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14
Q

the anterior body trunk region inferior to the ribs

A

abdominal

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15
Q

Coxal

A

the hip

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16
Q

the hip

A

Coxal

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17
Q

Deltoid

A

The roundness of the shoulder caused by the underlying deltoid muscle

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18
Q

The roundness of the shoulder caused by the underlying deltoid muscle

A

Deltoid

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19
Q

Digital

A

The fingers or toes

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20
Q

The fingers or toes

A

Digital

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21
Q

Femoral

A

thigh

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22
Q

thigh

A

Femoral

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23
Q

Fibular

A

lateral part of the leg

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24
Q

lateral part of the leg

A

Fibular

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25
Q

Inguinal

A

area where thigh meets the body trunk; the groin

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26
Q

area where thigh meets the body trunk; the groin

A

Inguinal

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27
Q

Mammary

A

the breast

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28
Q

the breast

A

Mammary

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29
Q

Manus

A

the hand

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30
Q

the hand

A

Manus

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31
Q

Nasal

A

the nose area

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32
Q

the nose area

A

Nasal

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33
Q

The neck region

A

Cervical

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34
Q

the mouth

A

Oral

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35
Q

Orbital

A

the bony eye socket; the eye area

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36
Q

the bony eye socket; the eye area

A

Orbital

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37
Q

Patellar

A

The anterior knee (kneecap) region

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38
Q

The anterior knee (kneecap) region

A

Patellar

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39
Q

Pelvic

A

area overlying the pelvis anteriorly

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40
Q

area overlying the pelvis anteriorly

A

Pelvic

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41
Q

Pubic

A

the genital region

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42
Q

the genital region

A

Pubic

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43
Q

Sternal

A

the breastbone area

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44
Q

the breastbone area

A

Sternal

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45
Q

inferior

A

below

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46
Q

Tarsal

A

ankle region

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47
Q

Ventral

A

Belly side

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48
Q

ankle region

A

Tarsal

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49
Q

Thoracic

A

the chest

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50
Q

Oral

A

the mouth

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51
Q

Umbilical

A

the naval

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52
Q

the naval

A

Umbilical

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53
Q

Cephalic

A

head

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54
Q

head

A

Cephalic

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55
Q

In four-legged animals used interchangeably with superior

A

Dorsal

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56
Q

Gluteal

A

buttock

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57
Q

buttock

A

Gluteal

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58
Q

Lumbar

A

The area of the back between the ribs and hips; the loin

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59
Q

The area of the back between the ribs and hips; the loin

A

Lumbar

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60
Q

Occipital

A

the posterior surface of head or base of skull

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61
Q

the posterior surface of head or base of skull

A

Occipital

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62
Q

Popliteal

A

posterior knee area

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63
Q

posterior knee area

A

Popliteal

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64
Q

Sacral

A

the area between the hips (posterior)

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65
Q

the area between the hips (posterior)

A

Sacral

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66
Q

Scapular

A

the shoulder blade area

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67
Q

the shoulder blade area

A

Scapular

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68
Q

Sural

A

the calf or posterior surface of the leg

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69
Q

the calf or posterior surface of the leg

A

Sural

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70
Q

Vertebral

A

the area of the spinal column

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71
Q

the area of the spinal column

A

Vertebral

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72
Q

the chest

A

Thoracic

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73
Q

In humans used interchangeably with anterior

A

Ventral

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74
Q

Above

A

Superior

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75
Q

Superior

A

above

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76
Q

Belly side

A

Ventral

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77
Q

Anterior

A

front

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78
Q

below

A

inferior

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79
Q

Posterior

A

back

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80
Q

back

A

Posterior

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81
Q

Medial

A

toward the midline

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82
Q

toward the midlin

A

Medial

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83
Q

Lateral

A

away from the midline or medial plane

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84
Q

away from the midline or medial plane

A

Lateral

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85
Q

Cephalad

A

toward the head

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86
Q

toward the head

A

cephalad

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87
Q

In humans used interchangeably with superior

A

cephalad

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88
Q

in four-legged animals used interchangeably with anterior

A

cephalad

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89
Q

caudad (caudal)

A

toward the tail

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90
Q

toward the tail

A

caudad (caudal)

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91
Q

In humans used interchangeably with inferior

A

caudad (caudal)

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92
Q

In four-legged animals used interchangeably with posterior

A

caudad (caudal)

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93
Q

Dorsal

A

backside

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94
Q

backside

A

Dorsal

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95
Q

In four-legged animals used interchangeably with inferior

A

Ventral

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96
Q

In humans used interchangeably with posterior

A

Dorsal

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97
Q

front

A

Anterior

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98
Q

proximal

A

nearer the trunk or attached end (along limbs or elongated organ such as intestine)

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99
Q

nearer the trunk or attached end (along limbs or elongated organ such as intestine)

A

proximal

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100
Q

distal

A

farther from trunk or point of attachment (along limbs or elongated organ such as intestine)

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101
Q

farther from trunk or point of attachment (along limbs or elongated organ such as intestine)

A

distal

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102
Q

superficial

A

toward or at the body surface (external)

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103
Q

toward or at the body surface

A

superficial (external)

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104
Q

deep

A

away from the body surface or more internal (internal)

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105
Q

away from the body surface or more internal

A

deep (internal)

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106
Q

sagittal plane

A

the body plane that runs longitudinally down the length of the body, dividing it into right and left parts

107
Q

the body plane that runs longitudinally down the length of the body, dividing it into right and left parts

A

sagittal plane

108
Q

the sagittal plane that divides the body into equal parts

A

median or midsagittal plane

109
Q

median or midsagittal plane

A

the sagittal plane that divides the body into equal parts

110
Q

another name for the median plane

A

midsagittal plane

111
Q

another name for the midsagittal plane

A

median plane

112
Q

frontal (coronal) plane

A

a longitudinal plane that divides the body (or an organ) into anterior and posterior parts

113
Q

a longitudinal plane that divides the body (or an organ) into anterior and posterior parts

A

frontal (coronal) plane

114
Q

transverse plane

A

a plane that runs horizontally, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts, or cross sections

115
Q

a plane that runs horizontally, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts, or cross sections

A

transverse plane

116
Q

the superior and inferior parts created by the transverse plane

A

cross sections

117
Q

cross sections

A

the superior and inferior parts created by the transverse plane

118
Q

what the dorsal body cavity consists of

A

the cranial and spinal cavities

119
Q

the cranial and spinal cavities together create this

A

the dorsal body cavity

120
Q

what does the cranial cavity contain

A

within the rigid skull contains the brain

121
Q

which body cavity contains the brain

A

cranial cavity

122
Q

which body cavity protects the spine

A

the spinal cavity

123
Q

were is the spinal cavity and what does it protect

A

runs within the bony vertebral column and protects the spinal cord

124
Q

runs within the bony vertebral column and protects the spinal cord

A

the spinal cavity

125
Q

the relationship between the cranial cavity and the spinal cavity

A

they compose the dorsal body cavity; the spinal chord is a continuation of the brain, and the cavities containing them are continuous with each other

126
Q

what does the ventral body cavity contain

A

the thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity

127
Q

the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities together create this

A

the ventral body cavity

128
Q

where is the thoracic cavity in terms of position from the abdominopelvic cavity

A

thoracic cavity is superior to the abdominopelvic

129
Q

what separates the thoracic cavity from the rest of the ventral cavity

A

diaphragm

130
Q

what does the diaphragm do within the ventral cavity

A

separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity

131
Q

in which body cavity are the heart and lungs located?

A

the thoracic cavity

132
Q

In which body cavity is the rib cage located?

A

the thoracic cavity

133
Q

within the thoracic cavity, what are the heart and lungs protected by?

A

the rib cage

134
Q

which body cavity is superior to the diaphragm?

A

the thoracic cavity

135
Q

which body cavity is inferior to the diaphragm?

A

the abdominopelvic cavity

136
Q

how is the abdominopelvic cavity separated?

A

no physical separation, but separated into the superior abdominal cavity and the inferior pelvic cavity

137
Q

where are the abdominal and pelvic cavity in position to each other?

A

the abdominal cavity is superior to the pelvic cavity; no physical separation; the pelvic cavity tips away from the abdominal cavity in a posterior direction

138
Q

in which body cavity are the stomach, intestines, liver, as well as other organs?

A

the abdominal cavity

139
Q

what are some of the organs that are in the abdominal cavity?

A

stomach
liver
intestines

140
Q

In which body cavity are the reproductive organs, bladder and rectum?

A

the pelvic cavity

141
Q

in which body cavity would you find the stomach?

A

abdominal cavity

142
Q

In which body cavity would you find the intestines?

A

abdominal cavity

143
Q

In which body cavity would you find the liver?

A

abdominal cavity

144
Q

In which body cavity would you find the bony pelvis?

A

the pelvic cavity

145
Q

In which body cavity would you find the reproductive organs?

A

the pelvic cavity

146
Q

In which body cavity would you find the bladder?

A

the pelvic cavity

147
Q

In which body cavity would you find the rectum?

A

Pelvic cavity

148
Q

within the pelvic cavity, what are the organs partially enclosed by?

A

the pelvis

149
Q

name the quadrants

A

right upper quadrant RUQ
right lower quadrant RLQ
left upper quadrant LUQ
left lower quadrant LLQ

150
Q

what are the medical schematics used to divide the abdominal surface (and abdominopelvic cavity)

A

quadrants and regions

151
Q

difference between quadrants and regions

A

both divide abdominal surface and abdominopelvic cavity; quadrants divide into 4 approximately equal areas/parts, regions divide into 9 separate using four planes

152
Q

the division of the abdominal surface (and abdominopelvic cavity) into four regions

A

quadrants

153
Q

the division of the abdominal surface (and abdominopelvic cavity) into 9 separate areas

A

regions

154
Q

which region is located in the middle?

A

the umbilical region

155
Q

where is the umbilical region located?

A

in the center

156
Q

which region contains the naval (umbilicus)?

A

the umbilical region

157
Q

When describing body parts and positions, what do you always assume?

A

that the body is in anatomical position

158
Q

in anatomical position, what direction are the thumbs pointing

A

away from the body

159
Q

what do directional terms allow?

A

to explain exactly where one body structure is in relationship to another

160
Q

Intermediate

A

between a more medial and a more lateral structure

161
Q

between a more medial and a more lateral structure

A

Intermediate

162
Q

in the spinal cavity, what is the spinal cord protected by?

A

the vertebrae which surround the spinal cavity

163
Q

what is the role of the vertebrae in the spinal cavity

A

they surround the spinal cavity to protect the spinal cord

164
Q

in the dorsal body cavity, what is a continuation of the brain?

A

the spinal cord

165
Q

the spinal cord is a continuation of what

A

the brain

166
Q

what extends from the cranial cavity nearly to the end of the vertebral column

A

the spinal cavity

167
Q

what body cavity contains all of the structures (the visceral organs) within the chest and abdomen?

A

ventral body cavity

168
Q

diaphragm

A

dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the rest of the ventral cavity

169
Q

dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the rest of the ventral cavity

A

diaphragm

170
Q

what body cavity contains the heart

A

thoracic cavity

171
Q

what body cavity contains the lungs

A

thoracic cavity

172
Q

what central region separates the lungs into left and right cavities in the thoracic cavity?

A

mediastinum

173
Q

mediastinum

A

the central region separates the lungs into left and right cavities in the thoracic cavity

174
Q

what visceral organs do the mediastinum house?

A

heart
trachea
others

175
Q

within the thoracic cavity, what region houses the heart

A

mediastinum

176
Q

what region within the thoracic cavity houses the trachea

A

mediastinum

177
Q

the organs of this body cavity are the most unprotected–why?

A

those within the abdominal cavity because the walls of the abdominal cavity are formed only of the trunk muscles and are not reinforced by bone.

178
Q

which region is located superior to the umbilical region?

A 
epigastric region
(epi=upon, above; gastric=stomach)
179
Q

where is the epigastric region located?

A

superior to the umbilical region (top-center)

180
Q

where is the hypogastric region located?

A

the hypogastric (pubic) region is inferior to the umbilical region (bottom-center)

181
Q

which region is located inferior to the umbilical region?

A

hypogastric (pubic) region

182
Q

which regions are lateral to the hypogastric region?

A

the right and left iliac (inguinal) regions

iliac=superior part of hip bone

183
Q

where are the right and left iliac (inguinal) regions located

A

lateral to the hypogastric region (bottom left/right corners)

184
Q

which regions are lateral to the umbilical region?

A

the right and left lumbar regions

lumbus=loin

185
Q

where are the right and left lumbar regions located?

A

lateral to the umbilical region (left/right-middle)

186
Q

which regions are lateral to the epigastric region?

A

the right and left hypochondriac regions

chondro=cartilage–region contains the ribs

187
Q

where are the right and left hypochondriac regions located?

A

lateral to the epigastric region (right/left-top)

188
Q

which region contains the ribs?

A

the left AND right hypochondriac regions both contain the ribs

189
Q

which regions contain the liver?

A

right hypochondriac region

epigastric region

190
Q

which region contains the gallbladder?

A

right hypochondriac region

191
Q

which region contains the ascending colon of the large intestine?

A

right lumbar region

192
Q

which region contains the small intestine?

A

umbilical region

193
Q

which region contains the appendix?

A

right iliac (inguinal) region

194
Q

which region contains the cecum?

A

right iliac (inguinal) region

195
Q

which region contains the stomach?

A

epigastric region

196
Q

which region contains the transverse colon of the large intestine?

A

umbilical region

197
Q

which region contains the descending colon of the large intestine?

A

left lumbar region

198
Q

which region contains the initial part of the sigmoid colon?

A

left iliac (inguinal) region

199
Q

which region contains the urinary bladder?

A

hypogastric (pubic) region

200
Q

where is the inferior transverse plane of the regions located?

A

just superior to the hip bones

201
Q

where are the parasaggital planes of the regions located?

A

they lie just medial to the nipples

202
Q

which region overlies most of the stomach

A

epigastric region

203
Q

which region encompasses the pubic area

A

hypogastric region

204
Q

which region overlies the superior part of the hip bones

A

both iliac region

205
Q

which region is between the ribs and flaring part of the hip bones

A

both lumbar regions

206
Q

which region overlies the lower ribs

A

both hypochondriac regions

207
Q

what would you find in the right hypochondriac region

A

liver
gallbladder
lower ribs
part of diaphragm

208
Q

what would you find in the epigastric region

A

stomach
part of diaphragm
liver

209
Q

what would you find in the left hypochondriac region

A

part of diaphragm
part of stomach
lower ribs

210
Q

what would you find in the umbilical region

A

transverse colon of the large intestine

small intestine

211
Q

what would you find in the right lumbar region

A

ascending colon of the large intestine

212
Q

what would you find in the left lumbar region

A

descending colon of the large intestine

213
Q

what would you find in the right iliac region

A

cecum

appendix

214
Q

what would you find in the left iliac region

A

initial part of the sigmoid colon

215
Q

what would you find in the hypogastric region

A

urinary bladder

216
Q

what is the oral cavity commonly called

A

the mouth

217
Q

what does the oral cavity contain

A

teeth and tongue

218
Q

which body cavity is part of and continuous with the cavity of the digestive organs

A

the oral cavity

219
Q

the oral cavity is continuous with the cavity of the digestive organs, which open to the exterior where?

A

at the anus

220
Q

where is the nasal cavity located?

A

within and posterior to the nose

221
Q

which cavity is part of the respiratory system passageways?

A

the nasal cavity

222
Q

what cavity is within and posterior to the nose?

A

the nasal cavity

223
Q

the nasal cavity is part of which body system passageways?

A

the respiratory system

224
Q

what do the orbital cavities (orbits) do?

A

house the eyes and present them in an anterior position

225
Q

where are the orbital cavities

A

in the skull

226
Q

what house the eyes and present them in an anterior position

A

orbital cavities (orbits)

227
Q

where do the middle ear cavities lie

A

carved into the skull, lie just medial to the eardrums

228
Q

what are carved into the skull and lie just medial to the eardrums

A

the middle ear cavities

229
Q

what do the middle ear cavities contain?

A

tiny bones that transmit sound vibrations to the hearing receptors in the inner ears

230
Q

where are the tiny bones that transmit sound vibrations to the hearing receptors in the inner ears located

A

in the middle ear cavities

231
Q

what do the tiny bones in the middle ear cavities do

A

transmit sound vibrations to the hearing receptors in the inner ear

232
Q

what transmits sound vibrations to the hearing receptors in the inner ear

A

the tiny bones in the middle ear cavities

233
Q

what do the tiny bones in the middle ear cavities transmit to the hearing receptors in the inner ear

A

sound vibrations

234
Q

what do the tiny bones in the middle ear cavities transmit sound vibrations to

A

the hearing receptors in the inner ear

235
Q

where are the hearing receptors located that the tiny bones in the middle ear cavities transmit sound vibrations to

A

the inner ear

236
Q

what body cavity lies just medial to the eardrums?

A

middle ear cavities

237
Q

name the smaller body cavities

A

oral and digestive cavities
nasal cavity
orbital cavities
middle ear cavities

238
Q

acromial

A

point of shoulder

239
Q

point of shoulder

A

acromial

240
Q

antebrachial

A

forearm

241
Q

forearm

A

antebrachial

242
Q

crural

A

leg

243
Q

leg

A

crural

244
Q

frontal

A

forehead

245
Q

forehead

A

frontal

246
Q

mental

A

chin

247
Q

chin

A

mental

248
Q

calcaneal

A

heel of foot

249
Q

heel of foot

A

calcaneal

250
Q

olecranal

A

posterior surface of elbow

251
Q

posterior surface of elbow

A

olecranal

252
Q

plantar region

A

sole of the foot

253
Q

sole of the foot

A

plantar region

254
Q

where is the plantar region located on the body

A

the sole of foot; located on the inferior body surface

255
Q

what region is located on the inferior body surface?

A

the plantar region (sole of foot)

256
Q

hallux

A

first or innermost digit of the foot; big toe

257
Q

metatarsal

A

top of foot between toes and ankle

258
Q

palmar

A

palm of hand

259
Q

pollex

A

thumb

260
Q

first or innermost digit of the foot; big toe

A

hallux

261
Q

top of foot between toes and ankle

A

metatarsal

262
Q

palm of hand

A

palmar

263
Q

thumb

A

pollex

Anatomy & Physiology (13 decks)

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