6 Muscle Anatomy & Terminology Flashcards
(181 cards)
1
Q
when you smile you are using this muscle
A
zygomaticus
2
Q
when you pucker your lips you are using this muscle
A
orbicularis oris
3
Q
frontalis
A
muscle that covers the frontal bone; runs from galia aponeurosis to the skin of the eyebrows; allows raised eyebrows and wrinkled forehead
4
Q
muscle that covers the frontal bone
A
frontalis
5
Q
muscle that runs from the galia aponeurotica to the eyebrows
A
frontalis
6
Q
muscle that allows you to raise your eyebrows in suprise
A
frontalis
7
Q
muscle that allows you to wrinkle your forehead
A
frontalis
8
Q
occipitalis
A
muscle that covers the posterior aspect of the skull; pulls the scalp posteriorly
9
Q
muscle that covers the posterior aspect of the skull
A
occipitalis
10
Q
muscle that pulls the scalp posteriorly
A
occipitalis
11
Q
orbicularis oculi
A
muscle that has fibers that run in circles around the eyes; allows you to close your eyes, squint, blink, wink
12
Q
muscle that has fibers that run in circles around the eyes
A
orbicularis oculi
13
Q
muscle that allows you to close your eyes
A
orbicularis oculi
14
Q
orbicularis oris
A
circular muscle of the lips; closes mouth and protrudes lips: “kissing” muscle
15
Q
muscle that allows you to squint
A
orbicularis oculi
16
Q
muscle that closes the mouth
A
orbicularis oris
17
Q
muscle that allows you to blink
A
orbicularis oculi
18
Q
circular muscle of the lips
A
orbicularis oris
19
Q
muscle that allows you to wink
A
orbicularis oculi
20
Q
muscle that closes mouth
A
orbicularis oris
21
Q
muscle that protrudes lips
A
orbicularis oris
22
Q
“kissing” muscle
A
orbicularis oris
23
Q
buccinator
A
muscle that runs horizontally across the cheek and inserts into the orbicularis oris; flattens cheek, as in whistling or blowing a horn; chewing muscle: compresses cheek to hold food in during chewing
24
Q
muscle that runs horizontally across the cheek
A
buccinator
25
muscle that flattens cheek to whistle or blow horn
buccinator
26
chewing muscle that compresses cheek to hold food between teeth
buccinator
27
zygomaticus
muscle that extends from corner of mouth to the cheekbone; "smiling" muscle because raises corners of mouth
28
muscle that extends from corner of mouth to the cheekbone
zygomaticus
29
"smiling muscle"
zygomaticus
30
muscle that raises the corners of mouth
zygomaticus
31
chewing muscles
buccinator
masseter
temporalis
32
masseter
muscle that runs from the zygomatic process of the temporal bone to the mandible; covers the angle of the lower jaw; chewing muscle that closes jaw by elevating the mandible
33
muscle that runs from the zygomatic process of the temporal bone to the mandible
masseter
34
muscle that covers the angle of the lower jaw
masseter
35
chewing muscle that closes the jaw by elevating the mandible
masseter
36
temporalis
fan-shaped muscle overlying the temporal bone; chewing muscle that inserts into the mandible and is synergist of the masseter in closing the jaw
37
fan-shaped muscle overlying the temporal bone
temporalis
38
chewing muscle that is a synergist of the masseter in closing the jaw
temporalis
39
platysma
single sheet-like muscle the covers the front and side of neck; originates from connective tissue of chest muscles, inserts into the area around mouth; pulls corners of mouth downward; "sad clown"
40
single sheet-like muscle the covers the front and side of neck
platysma
41
originates from connective tissue of chest muscles, inserts into the area around mouth
platysma
42
muscle that pulls the corners of mouth down
platysma
43
"sad clown" muscle
platysma
44
sternocleidomastoid
paired two-headed muscles, one on each side of neck; two heads: origins are sternum and clavicle; heads fuse before inserting into mastoid process; "prayer" muscle, bows head; tilts head to side
45
paired two-headed muscles, one on each side of neck
sternocleidomastoid
46
the origins of the two heads of this muscle are the sternum and clavicle
sternocleidomastoid
47
the two heads of this muscle fuse before inserting into the mastoid process of the temporal bone
sternocleidomastoid
48
"prayer muscle"
sternocleidomastoid
49
muscle that bows head
sternocleidomastoid
50
muscle that tilts the head to the side
sternocleidomastoid
51
levator palpebrae
muscle that raises eyelid
52
muscle that raises eyelid
levator palpebrae
53
eyelid muscle
levator palpebrae
54
pectoralis major
large, fan-shaped muscle covering the upper part of the chest; acts to adduct and flex the arm
55
large, fan-shaped muscle covering the upper part of the chest
pectoralis major
56
muscle that adducts and flexes the arm
pectoralis major
57
intercostal muscles
deep muscles found between ribs; important in breathing--internal intercostals raise ribcage on inhalation, external depress ribcage when forcefully exhaling
58
internal intercostal muscles
help raise the ribcage when you inhale
59
deep muscles found between ribs
internal intercostals
60
trunk muscles important in breathing
intercostal muscles
61
muscles that raise ribcage on inhalation
internal intercostal muscles
62
external intercostal muscles
depress ribcage when forcefully exhaling
63
muscles which depress ribcage when forcefully exhaling
external intercostal muscles
64
the four anterior abdominal muscles
rectus abdominis
external obliques
internal obliques
transversus abdominis
65
rectus abdominis
most superficial muscles of the abdomen; paired straight medial muscles that run from the pubis to the ribcage; main function is to flex the vertebral column; compress abdominal contents during defecation and childbirth; involved in forced breathing
66
most superficial muscles of the abdomen
rectus abdominis
67
paired straight medial abdominal muscles that run from the pubis to the ribcage
rectus abdominis
68
muscles' main function is to flex the vertebral column
rectus abdominis
69
muscles that compress abdominal contents during defecation and childbirth
rectus abdominis and transverse abdominis
70
abdominal muscle involved in forced breathing
rectus abdominis
71
external oblique
paired superficial muscles that make up the lateral walls of the abdomen; fibers run downward and medially from the last eight ribs into the ilium; flex the vertebral column, rotate trunk and bend it laterally
72
paired superficial muscles that make up the lateral walls of the abdomen
external oblique
73
the fibers of these muscles run downward and medially from the last eight ribs into the ilium
external oblique
74
these muscles flex the vertebral column, rotate trunk and bend it laterally
external oblique and internal oblique
75
internal oblique
paired muscles deep to the external obliques; fibers run at a right angle to those of the external obliques; origin from iliac crest and insert into last three ribs; functions same as external oblique
76
paired muscles deep to the external obliques
internal oblique
77
their fibers run at a right angle to those of the external obliques
internal obliques
78
muscles that origin from iliac crest and insert into last three ribs
internal obliques
79
transversus abdominis
deepest muscle of the abdominal wall; fibers run horizontally across the abdomen; compresses the abdominal contents
80
deepest muscle of the abdominal wall
transversus abdominis
81
this muscle's fibers run horizontally across the abdomen
transversus abdominis
82
trapezius
most superficial muscles of the posterior neck and upper trunk; left and right together form a diamond-shaped muscle mass across upper back; wide origin runs from occipital bone to inferior end of thoracic vertebrae; insert into scapular spine and clavicle; extend the head (oppose the sternocleidomastoids); elevate, depress, adduct, and stabilize the scapula
83
most superficial muscles of the posterior neck and upper trunk
trapezius
84
the left and right muscles together form a diamond-shaped muscle mass across upper back
trapezius
85
wide origin of this muscle runs from occipital bone to inferior end of thoracic vertebrae
trapezius
86
this posterior muscle inserts into the scapular spine and clavicle
trapezius
87
this muscle is the opposite of the sternocleidomastoids in function
trapezius extends the head; sternocleidomastoids flex
88
this muscle extends the head
trapezius
89
muscle that elevates, depresses, adducts and stabilizes the scapula
trapezius
90
what are the functions the trapezius performs concerning the scapula
elevates
depresses
adducts
stabilizes
91
latissimus dorsi
two large, flat muscles that cover the lower back; originate on lower spine and ilium and insert into proximal end of humerus; extends and adducts the humerus; enable downward power strokes (swimming or striking)
92
two large, flat muscles that cover the lower back
latissimus dorsi
93
muscles originate on lower spine and ilium and insert into proximal end of humerus
latissimus dorsi
94
muscles extends and adducts the humerus
latissimus dorsi
95
muscle involved in downward power strokes of the arm (swimming or striking)
latissimus dorsi
96
erector spinae
deep muscles of the back; group of muscles is the prime mover of back extension; composed of three muscle columns that span the length of the vertebral column; also help control bending at the waist
97
deep muscles of the back
erector spinae
98
group of muscles is the prime mover of back extension
erector spinae
99
composed of three muscle columns that span the length of the vertebral
erector spinae
100
primarily for back extension but also help to control bending forward at the waist
erector spinae
101
quadratus lumborum
muscles that form part of the posterior abdominal wall; acting separately, flex the spine laterally; acting together, extend the lumbar spine
102
muscles that form part of the posterior abdominal wall
quadratus lumborum
103
muscles which, acting separately, flex the spine laterally; acting together, extend the lumbar spine
quadratus lumborum
104
deltoid
triangle-shaped muscles that form the shape of the shoulders; prime mover of arm abduction
105
triangle-shaped muscles that form the shape of the shoulders
deltoid
106
muscle that is prime mover of arm abduction
deltoid
107
biceps brachii
bulges when arm is flexed; prime mover for flexion of the forearm
108
muscle that bulges when arm is flexed
biceps brachii
109
muscle which is the prime mover for flexion of the forearm
biceps brachii
110
brachialis
lies deep to the biceps muscle; in flexion of arm, lifts the ulna as the biceps lifts the radius
111
muscle which lies deep to the biceps muscle
brachialis
112
in flexion of arm, this muscle lifts the ulna as the biceps lifts the radius
brachialis
113
brachioradialis
fairly weak muscle that origin is on humerus and inserts into the distal forearm
114
fairly weak muscle that origin is on humerus and inserts into the distal forearm
brachioradialis
115
triceps brachii
only muscle on posterior humerus; prime mover of elbow extension, antagonist to biceps brachii; "boxer's muscle"
116
only muscle on posterior humerus
triceps brachii
117
prime mover of elbow extension, antagonist to biceps brachii
triceps brachii
118
"boxer's muscle"
triceps brachii
119
rotator cuffs
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
subscapularis
teres minor
120
```
the rotator cuffs are:
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
subscapularis
____________
```
teres minor
121
```
the rotator cuffs are:
infraspinatus
subscapularis
teres minor
____________
```
supraspinatus
122
```
the rotator cuffs are:
supraspinatus
subscapularis
teres minor
____________
```
infraspinatus
123
```
the rotator cuffs are:
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
____________
```
subscapularis
124
gluteus maximus
superficial muscle of the hip that forms the flesh of the buttock; powerful hip extensor that acts to bring thigh in straight line with pelvis; important for climbing and jumping
125
superficial muscle of the hip that forms the flesh of the buttock
gluteus maximus
126
powerful hip extensor that acts to bring thigh in straight line with pelvis
gluteus maximus
127
important muscle for climbing and jumping
gluteus maximus
128
gluteus medius
muscle mostly beneath gluteus maximus; hip abductor important for steadying pelvis during walking
129
muscle mostly beneath gluteus maximus
gluteus medius
130
hip abductor important for steadying pelvis during walking
gluteus medius
131
iliopsoas
fused muscle composed of two muscles; runs from iliac bone and lower vertebrae to deep inside pelvis to insert on femur; prime mover of hip flexion; keeps upper body from falling back when standing
132
fused muscle composed of two muscles; runs from iliac bone and lower vertebrae to deep inside pelvis to insert on femur
iliopsoas
133
keeps upper body from falling back when standing
iliopsoas
134
adductor muscles
form the muscle mass at the medial side of each thigh; press the thighs together
135
form the muscle mass at the medial side of each thigh
adductor muscle group
136
muscles that press the thighs together
adductor muscles
137
hamstring group
three muscles forming the muscle mass of the posterior thigh; prime movers of thigh extension and knee flexion
138
three muscles forming the muscle mass of the posterior thigh
hamstrings
139
prime movers of thigh extension and knee flexion
hamstring group
140
the three hamstrings
biceps femoris
semimembranosus
semitendinosus
141
the three hamstings:
_______________
semimembranosus
semitendinosus
biceps femoris
142
the three hamstings:
biceps femoris
______________
semitendinosus
semimembranosus
143
the three hamstings:
biceps femoris
semimembranosus
_______________
semitendinosus
144
the tendons of this group can be felt at the back of the knee
hamstrings
145
sartorius
most superficial muscle of the thigh; thin & strap-like, it runs obliquely across thigh from the anterior iliac crest to the medial side of the tibia; weak thigh flexor is a synergist for crossing legs
146
most superficial muscle of the thigh
sartorius
147
thigh muscle that is thin & strap-like
sartorius
148
muscle that runs obliquely across thigh from the anterior iliac crest to the medial side of the tibia
sartorius
149
weak thigh flexor is a synergist for crossing legs
sartorius
150
quadriceps group
the four muscles that flesh out the anterior thigh; all originate on the femur and insert via the patellar; powerful knee extender (kicking); crosses two joints, the knee and the hip-flexes both
151
the muscle group that flesh out the anterior thigh
quadriceps group
152
all originate on the femur and insert via the patellar
quadriceps
153
powerful knee extender (kicking)
quadriceps
154
this muscle group crosses two joints, the knee and the hip and flexes both
quadriceps
155
the muscles of the quadriceps group
rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius (under rectus femoris)
156
```
the muscles of the quadriceps group:
rectus femoris
_____________
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius
```
vastus lateralis
157
```
the muscles of the quadriceps group:
_____________
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius
```
rectus femoris
158
```
the muscles of the quadriceps group:
rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
_____________
```
vastus intermedius
159
```
the muscles of the quadriceps group:
rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
_____________
vastus intermedius
```
vastus medialis
160
tibialis anterior
superficial muscle on the anterior leg; arises from upper tibia then runs parallel along lateral side of tibia to the tarsal bones; acts to dorsiflex and invert foot
161
muscle which arises from upper tibia then runs parallel along lateral side of tibia to the tarsal bones
tibialis anterior
162
superficial muscle on the anterior leg acts to dorsiflex and invert foot
tibialis anterior
163
fibularis muscles
found in the lateral part of the leg; arise from fibula and insert into metatarsals; as a whole plantar flexes and everts foot
164
muscle group found in the lateral part of the leg
fibularis muscles
165
muscle which arise from fibula and insert into metatarsals
fibularis muscles
166
muscle group which as a whole plantar flexes and everts foot
fibularis muscles
167
the fibularis muscles
fibularis longus
fibularis brevis
fibularis tertius
168
the fibularis muscles:
_____________
fibularis brevis
fibularis tertius
fibularis longus
169
the fibularis muscles:
fibularis longus
_____________
fibularis tertius
fibularis brevis
170
the fibularis muscles:
fibularis longus
fibularis brevis
_____________
fibularis tertius
171
gastrocnemius
two-bellied muscle that forms the calf; arises from two heads, one on each side of distal femur, inserts through calcaneal tendon (Achilles) into the heel of the foot; prime mover for plantar flexion "toe dancer's" muscle
172
two-bellied muscle that forms the calf
gastrocnemius
173
muscle which arises from two heads, one on each side of distal femur, inserts through calcaneal tendon (Achilles) into the heel of the foot
gastrocnemius
174
prime mover for plantar flexion
gastrocnemius
175
"toe dancer's muscle"
gastrocnemius
176
soleus
muscle deep to the gastrocnemius; arises on tibia and fibula so does not affect knee movement; like gastrocnemius it inserts into the calcaneal tendon and is strong plantar flexor
177
muscle deep to the gastrocnemius
soleus
178
leg muscle which arises on tibia and fibula so does not affect knee movement
soleus
179
similar to the gastrocnemius it inserts into the calcaneal tendon and is strong plantar flexor
soleus
180
another name for calcaneal tendon
Achilles tendon
181
Achilles tendon
calcaneal tendon
